• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.114-118
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• 2000

The inhibitory effects of doenjang extracts and linoleic acid(LA) which was identified as one of the active compounds in doenjang on the growth of human cancer cells were studied, comparing to the actions on normal cells. Methanol extract and hexane fraction from doenjang exhibited the strong growth inhibitory effect on HT-29 human colon carcinoma cells. Inhibitory effects of chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous fractions on the cancer cells were observed, moderately or weakly. When cell counts of SNU-C$_1$human colon carcinoma cells were determined daily for 6 days, the inhibitory effect of hexane fraction on this cell line was higher than that of the methanol extract from doenjang. LA completely suppressed the growth of SNU-C$_1$cells after 4 days, while conjugated linoleic acid(CLA) resulted in 98% inhibition after 6 days. With the addition of LA and other free fatty acids such as stearic acid, oleic acid, linolenic acid and ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid (${\gamma}$-LnA) to the culture system, the growth of HT-29 cells and SNU-C$_1$cells was greatly suppressed after 6 days. Inhibitory effects of LA ${\gamma}$-LnA on the growth of these cells were stronger than other fatty acids. On the growth of AZ-521 human gastric carcinoma cells, LA and CLA completely cuppressed the growth of the cells after 4 days and 3 days, respectively. At the level of 0.001%~0.01% of LA, there was no cytotoxic effect on normal rat kidney cells and normal intestine human cells. These results showed that LA, a major active compound of doenjang, had strong inhibitory effects on the growth of human cancer cells without damaging normal cells.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.119-124
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• 2018

두충(Eucommia ulmoides Oliver)잎 아세톤 추출물의 in vitro 항암 및 항산화 활성을 조사하였다. 두충잎 아세톤 추출물의 수율은 $1.13{\pm}0.033%$ (w/w)이었고, 총 페놀성 화합물 함량은 $36.7{\pm}1.96mg$ gallic acid equivalents/g-추출물로 나타났다. 세포증식을 절반 억제하는 추출물의 농도인 $GI_{50}$값은 사람의 암세포인 비소세포폐암세포(A549)에서 $53.4{\mu}g/mL$, 결장암세포(SNU-C4)에서 $53.8{\mu}g/mL$ 및 자궁경부암세포(HeLa)에서 $88.3{\mu}g/mL$이었고, 사람의 정상세포인 배아 폐 상피세포(L132)에서는 $153.9{\mu}g/mL$로 나타났다. 두충잎 아세톤 추출물은 사람의 정상세포에는 낮은 독성을 나타내면서 농도에 비례하여 사람의 비소세포폐암세포(A549)와 결장암세포(SNU-C4)의 증식을 효과적으로 억제하였다. DPPH 유리라디칼을 절반 소거하는 추출물의 농도인 $EC_{50}$값은 2 mg/mL 정도로 높게 나타났고, 환원력의 $EC_{50}$값은 $275.8{\mu}g/mL$, 지질과산화를 절반 저해하는 농도인 $EC_{50}$값은 $257.9{\mu}g/mL$이었다. 유근피 아세톤 추출물은 농도에 비례하여 우수한 환원력 및 지질과산화 억제활성을 보여주었다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.143-146
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• 1999

차전자의 메탄올추출물을 헥산, 클로로포름, 에틸아세테이트, 부탄올로 계통분획하여, 활성을 검정하고, 그 중 활성분획인 헥산과 에틸아세테이트 분획을 크로마토그라피하여 4종의 화합물을 분리하였으며, 각종 기기분석과 이화학적 분석을 통하여 ${\beta}-sitosterol(C1)$, $cholest-5-en-3{\beta}-ol(C2)$, rutin(C3), $coumarin-7-O-{\beta}-glucopyranoside(C4)$임을 확인 하였으며, 4종의 화합물 중 $cholest-5-en-3{\beta}-ol$, rutin(C3)이 주요 항암 성분 이었다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.893-900
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• 2004

2- or 6-Substituted BZT-N derivatives were synthesized, and their cytotoxic activity against can-cer L1210 and SNU-1 cells was examined. The antitumor action was also assessed in mice bearing S-180 cells in peritoneal cavity. In a comparison, it was found that 6-substituted BZT-N derivatives exhibited higher potencies in both bioactivities than 2-substituted BZT-N derivatives against L1210 cells in in vitro and S-180 in vitro tests exception of compound 36. Interestingly, it was observed that 2-substituted compound 36, which has methyl group at RI position, exhib-ited a better antitumor activity than 6-substituted compounds against L1210 and SNU-1 in vitro. The EDso value of 2-substituted compound 36 against L1210 was found to be comparable to the EDso value of adriamycin and was even better against the solid cancer cell line SNU-1. It was also observed that 2-substituted compound 36 showed better antitumor activity in mice bearing S-180 cells in the peritoneal cavity. The T/C (％) value of 2-substituted compound 36 was simi-lar to that of adriamycin. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) tests reveal that the experimental E $D_{50}$ values against SNU-1 closely correlate with both the calculated HOMO ener-gies ( $E_{HOMO}$) and the measured H-NMR chemical shift of 3-H ($\delta$$_{H}$). The results suggests that a compound having higher $E_{HOMO}$ and $\delta$$_{H}$ values usually should have a lower E $D_{50}$ (SNU-1) value.lue.lue.lue.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.210.2-210.2
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• 2003

Cornis fructus were extracted by successive extractions and then fractionated with chloroform extract to get active fractions. This study was performed to determine the cytotoxic effect of chloroform extract from Cornis fructus on NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and cancer cell lines using MTT assay. All extracts did not exhibit cytotoxicity in HIH 3T3 fibroblasts. Chloroform extract exhibited antitumor activity in A549, MDA-MB-123, B16 melanoma and SNU-C4 cells. Futher fractionation with chloroform extract was performed to obtain effective fractions. (omitted)

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.265-273
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• 2022

Resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs is a significant problem in the treatment of colorectal cancer, resulting in low response rates and decreased survival. Recent studies have shown that shikonin, a naphthoquinone derivative, promotes apoptosis in colon cancer cells and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cells, raising the possibility that this compound may be effective in drug-resistant colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to characterize the molecular mechanisms underpinning shikonin-induced apoptosis, with a focus on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, in a 5-fluorouracil-resistant colorectal cancer cell line, SNU-C5/5-FUR. Our results showed that shikonin significantly increased the proportion of sub-G₁ cells and DNA fragmentation and that shikonin-induced apoptosis is mediated by mitochondrial Ca²⁺ accumulation. Shikonin treatment also increased the expression of ER-related proteins, such as glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78), phospho-protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK), phospho-eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α), phospho-phosphoinositol-requiring protein-1 (IRE1), spliced X-box-binding protein-1 (XBP-1), cleaved caspase-12, and C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP). In addition, siRNA-mediated knockdown of CHOP attenuated shikonin-induced apoptosis, as did the ER stress inhibitor TUDCA. These data suggest that ER stress is a key factor mediating the cytotoxic effect of shikonin in SNU-C5/5-FUR cells. Our findings provide an evidence for a mechanism in which ER stress leads to apoptosis in shikonin-treated SNU-C5/5-FUR cells. Our study provides evidence to support further investigations on shikonin as a therapeutic option for 5-fluorouracil-resistant colorectal cancer.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.247-250
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• 2014

인삼 추출물 제조 부산물인 인삼박의 지용성 성분을 n-hexane 으로 추출하고, 추출물의 항산화 및 항암 활성을 인삼의 n-hexane 추출물과 비교하였다. 인삼박의 hexane 추출물(HEGM)의 총 폴리페놀 화합물 함량은 188.8 mg/100 g으로, 인삼의 hexane 추출물(HEG)의 82%를 함유하고 있었다. HEGM의 DPPH 유리 라디칼 소거활성은 $IC_{50}$이 2.07 mg/mL이었고, 이는 총 폴리페놀 함량과 상관관계를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. HEG가 농도에 비례하여 인체 폐암세포(A549, $GI_{50}=20.0{\mu}g/mL$)와 대장암세포 (SNU-C4, $GI_{50}=37.0{\mu}g/mL$)의 생육을 억제하는 것과 동일한 양상으로 HEGM도 폐암세포($GI_{50}=34.0{\mu}g/mL$)와 대장암세포($GI_{50}=45.2{\mu}g/mL$)의 생육을 효과적으로 억제하였다. 따라서, 본 연구는 인삼박에서 얻어진 HEGM이 항산화 및 항암 활성을 갖는 자원으로서의 활용 가능성을 보여주었다.

• 약학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 1994

Active fraction, $P_2$, was Isolated from natural anti-cancer drug, $CP_2$, by HPLC. We confirmed that $P_2$ includes most of the Isoguanosine and minor components, Berberine and other protoberberine alkaloids, by $^1H-NMR$ and $^{13}C-NMR$ and measured tile cytotoxicity of $P_2$ against various tumor cell-lines.' $P_2$ was very effective to all tumor cell-lines, especially to human colon cancer SNU-C2A$(ED_{50};\;24{\mu}g)$ and liver cancer HEP-3B$(ED_{50};\;27{\mu}g)$.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.273-297
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• 1996

Hexane fraction of Oldenlandiae diffusae Herba(ODH) which was being used for the treatment of caner in oriental medicine showed the best cytotoxicity against L1210 and A549 in the solvent fractions. Antitumor substance isolated from hexane fraction of ODH was identified as ursolic acid(UA) by photometric analysis. IC50 of UA against cancer cells as SNU-1, HCT15, XF498, SK-MEL2 and A549 was $13{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $15{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $12{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $9{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and $11{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ respectively. It significantly inhibited the metastasis to lungs and kidneys from pulmonary colonization assay and study on histological changes of organs and showed the enhancing effect on B cell dosage-dependently by FACS analysis. T/C % of UA against S-180 cells was 171 % and its cytotoxicity against SNU-1 iant was confirmed from the morphological changes by elctronic microscopes such as SEM and TEM that it induced undulated membrane 4 hr after UA treatment, and the breakdown of cell membrane and nucleus 24 hr after UA treatment.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.221-246
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• 1998

The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of Chungsimbohyeltang through investigation about viability of tumor cell by MTT assay, survival period of mice transplanted with L-1210 cells, growth inhibition on the tumor cell, body weight variation in mice transplanted with sarcoma-180 cells and its immunomodulatory effects through the investigation on delayed type hyper-sensitivity, the hemagglutinin and hemolysin titers for humoral immune response, the appearance of rosette forming cells for cell-mediated immune response, the natural killer cell activity, the transformation of lymphocyte, the productivity of Interleukin-2 and phagocytic index K was performed in immune-depressed ICR mice induced by methotrexate treatments. The results were as follows ; 1. $IC_{50}$ of Chungsimbohyeltang treated group was 5.85mg/ml in SNU-C4 cell, 1.38mg/ml in SNU-396 cell, 0.21mg/ml in SNU-1 cell, so it had low anti-tumor activity. 2. The both groups of Chungsimbohyeltang extract 10mg/kg and Chungsimbohyeltang extract 20mg/kg had no toxicity and the group of Chungsimbohyeltang 20mg/kg which was shown 120% in ILS had the effect of life prolongation in mice transplanted with L-1210 cells. 3. In the growth inhibition on the tumor cells, only the group of Chungsimbohyeltang extract 20mg/kg was noted and in the weight variation in mice transplanted with sarcoma-180 cells, both groups of Chungsimbohyeltang extract had a significant effect. 4. In the delayed type hypersensitivity and appearance of rosette forming cells, both groups of Chungsimbohyeltang extract didn't have any significant effect. 5. The hemagglutinin titers was slightly increased with no significance, and the hemolysin titers was significantly increased in the only group of Chungsimbohyeltang extract 20mg/kg. 6. The natural killer cell activity of the Chungsimbohyeltang extract groups was significantly increased in the ratio of 100:1 of effector and target cells, but it was not significantly increased in the ratio of 50:1, 10:1. 7. The transformation of lymphocyte and the productivity of Interleukin-2 were increased significantly and in dose-dependent manner in both group of Chungsimbohyeltang extract. 8. The phagocytic effect of macropage was significantly increased in both groups of Chungsimbohyeltang extract. Considering the results above, we could conclude that Chungsimbohyeltang have an indirect anti-tumor effect through the modulation of immunme response, although it had not toxicity on the tumor cell it self.