• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.313-322
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• 2003

본 논문은 기지국 배열 안테나를 이용하여 전파음영 환경 하에서 MCGM 알고리즘과 전력제어 오차에 따른 cdma2000 셀룰러 시스템의 역방향 링크에 대한 성능을 분석한다. 블록킹 확률을 배열 파라미터와 $E_{b/}$ $N_{0}$ 및 간섭통계를 이용하여 유도하고 특정한 블록킹 확률에서의 시스템 용량을 계산한다. 1 %의 블록킹 확률, 전력제어 오차 2 dB, 배열 안테나 소자 수 M=2, 4, 8, 12에서 cdma2000 시스템과 IS-95 시스템의 사용자 수는 각각 21, 40, 75, 110명과 9, 17, 30, 44명으로 나타나, cdma2000 시스템이 IS-95 시스템에 비해 2.3~2.5배의 용량 증가를 보였다.다.다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.222-229
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• 2009

A noble infrared sensor was studied for passenger conditional detection in vehicle, This research relates to uncooled infrared sensors for detecting the presence, type and temperature of occupants in vehicle. It sense that the occupants purpose to control the smart airbag for safety in the case of adult or child and to control the automatic air conditioning for convenience. This paper described the design and the fabrication of microbolometers which were composed of 2 by 8 elements using the surface micromachining technology. The characteristics of the array were investigated in the spectral region of $8{\sim}12{\mu}m$. The fabricated detectors exhibited the thermal mass of $7.05{\times}10^{-9}\;J/K$, the thermal conductance of $1.03{\times}10^{-6}\;W/K$, the thermal time constant of 6.8 ms, the responsivity of $2.96{\times}10^4\;V/W$ and the detectivity of $1.01{\times}10^9\;cmHz^{1/2}/W$, at the chopper frequency of 10 Hz and the bias current of $4.4{\mu}A$. We could successfully detect the human body condition in the divided zone. As a results, we concluded that microbolometer optimized in this research could be useful for the application of passenger conditional detection in vehicle.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2004년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(1)
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• pp.83-86
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• 2004

In this paper, the performance of wideband CDMA system with smart antenna is analyzed for different bandwidth(1.25MHz, 2.5MHz, 5MHz) and angular spread at base station. In detail, the spatio-temporal wideband multipath vector channel model is proposed. And the received signals in 2D-RAKE receiver are rigorously analyzed in proposed vector channel model. We consider the effect of correlation between any two elements of antenna array. Several multipahts within one chip are distinguished into each one and the strongest signal is selected as a desired one. As a result, the performance of W-CDMA system with smart antenna in spatio-temporal wideband vector channel has been improved in proportion to the increase of angular spread and bandwidth.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.185-215
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• 2005

Advanced signal processing techniques have been long introduced and widely used in structural health monitoring (SHM) and nondestructive evaluation (NDE). In our research, we applied several signal processing approaches for our embedded ultrasonic structural radar (EUSR) system to obtain improved damage detection results. The EUSR algorithm was developed to detect defects within a large area of a thin-plate specimen using a piezoelectric wafer active sensor (PWAS) array. In the EUSR, the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) was first applied for signal de-noising. Secondly, after constructing the EUSR data, the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and continuous wavelet transform (CWT) were used for the time-frequency analysis. Then the results were compared thereafter. We eventually chose continuous wavelet transform to filter out from the original signal the component with the excitation signal's frequency. Third, cross correlation method and Hilbert transform were applied to A-scan signals to extract the time of flight (TOF) of the wave packets from the crack. Finally, the Hilbert transform was again applied to the EUSR data to extract the envelopes for final inspection result visualization. The EUSR system was implemented in LabVIEW. Several laboratory experiments have been conducted and have verified that, with the advanced signal processing approaches, the EUSR has enhanced damage detection ability.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제29권2A호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2004

본 논문은 CDMA2000 1X 신호 환경에서 동작하는 스마트 안테나 기지국의 각 안테나 소자에서 수신된 독립적인 신호를 이용하여 다이버시티 이득을 얻는 액세스 채널 복조기를 구현하고 구현된 복조기의 성능을 분석한다. 제안된 액세스 채널 복조기는 4개의 핑거를 지원하는 탐색기와 왈쉬 복조기 그리고 복조 제어기로 구성되고, 이들은 Alters사의 백만 게이트급 FPGA인 APEX EP20K1000EBC652와 TI사의 TMS320C6203으로 구현되었다. 제안된 액세스채널 복조기는 스마트 안테나 기지국이 최적의 웨이트 벡터를 얻을 수 없는 액세스 상태에서 데이터 복조 성능을 증가시키는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 실증시험을 통해서 위상 다이버시티 기법이 적용된 액세스채널 복조기의 성능이 기존의 액세스채널 복조기보다 우수함을 액세스 프로브 검출 확률, 액세스 실패 확률, 왈쉬 복조기에서의 $E_{b/}$ $N_{o}$ 항목에서 확인하였다.다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.38-45
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• 2010

초점면 배열 원적외선 검출기를 위한 새로운 신호취득 회로를 연구하였다. 각 픽셀 감지소자에 흐르는 전류에 따라, 각 픽셀 회로의 적분시간이 능동적으로 최적화될 수 있도록 리셋 신호를 조정하는 방식이다. 따라서, 제안하는 신호취득 회로는 넓은 동작 범위와 뛰어난 신호 대 잡음 비 특성을 동시에 가질 수 있다. 회로 제작에 사용한 공정은 $0.35{\mu}m$ 2-poly 4-metal CMOS 공정이다. 원적외선 감지소자로서 HgCdTe 다이오드를 사용했고, 배열의 크기는 $128{\times}128$이며, 단위 픽셀의 크기는 $50{\mu}m{\times}50{\mu}m$이다. 기존에 제안한 이 단계 암전류 억제 방식과 더불어 본 논문에서 제안하는 리셋 조정 회로를 함께 사용할 경우, 신호 대 잡음 비와 동작 범위를 각각 87dB와 95.8dB 까지 향상시킬 수 있다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.119-137
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• 2011

A bio-inspired two-mode structural health monitoring (SHM) system based on the Na$\ddot{i}$ve Bayes (NB) classification method is discussed in this paper. To implement the molecular biology based Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) array concept in structural health monitoring, which has been demonstrated to be superior in disease detection, two types of array expression data have been proposed for the development of the SHM algorithm. For the micro-vibration mode, a two-tier auto-regression with exogenous (AR-ARX) process is used to extract the expression array from the recorded structural time history while an ARX process is applied for the analysis of the earthquake mode. The health condition of the structure is then determined using the NB classification method. In addition, the union concept in probability is used to improve the accuracy of the system. To verify the performance and reliability of the SHM algorithm, a downscaled eight-storey steel building located at the shaking table of the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE) was used as the benchmark structure. The structural response from different damage levels and locations was collected and incorporated in the database to aid the structural health monitoring process. Preliminary verification has demonstrated that the structure health condition can be precisely detected by the proposed algorithm. To implement the developed SHM system in a practical application, a SHM prototype consisting of the input sensing module, the transmission module, and the SHM platform was developed. The vibration data were first measured by the deployed sensor, and subsequently the SHM mode corresponding to the desired excitation is chosen automatically to quickly evaluate the health condition of the structure. Test results from the ambient vibration and shaking table test showed that the condition and location of the benchmark structure damage can be successfully detected by the proposed SHM prototype system, and the information is instantaneously transmitted to a remote server to facilitate real-time monitoring. Implementing the bio-inspired two-mode SHM practically has been successfully demonstrated.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2016

In smart factories, the entire manufacturing process from design to the final product is simulated in a virtual manufacturing environment and optimized before starting production. Suppliers and customers make decisions based on the simulation results. Therefore, effective rendering of the information of the virtual products to suppliers and customers is essential for this manufacturing paradigm. In this study, a method of rendering the surface roughness of the virtual products using a tactile display is presented. A tactile display device comprising a $3{\times}3$ array of individually controlled piezoelectric stack actuators is constructed. The surface topology of the virtual products is rendered directly by controlling the piezoelectric stack actuators. A series of experiments is performed to evaluate the performance of the tactile display device. An electrical discharge machined surface is rendered using the proposed method.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.142-145
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• 2019

일반적으로 체적형 방식의 디스플레이에는 큐브-모서리 재귀반사(corner cube retroreflector, CCRR)시트와 반투과 거울판이 사용되며, 이는 광원의 빛을 재귀반사시켜 부양영상(floating image)을 만든다. 이러한 기존 CCRR 방식은 광원의 강도를 1/4로 줄이는 반투막 투과 2회의 광손실과 각 단위 CCRR 크기에 의한 영상의 퍼짐 현상이 있다. 본 연구진이 제안하는 '혼성-병풍형' 구조 재귀반사(hybrid-t(transverse directional)-RRMA)는 광퍼짐을 최소화하여 부양영상의 품질을 향상시킬 뿐만 아니라, 광도를 4배로 높이며, 제작상의 편리함도 제공한다. '선형 v자 홈' (linear v-shaped groove)을 '포물선 v자 홈' (parabolic v-shaped groove)모양으로 조절한 재귀반사로 영상의 퍼짐을 개선하여 부양영상을 최적화하였고, '평면(flat wall) 재귀반사' 대신 '곡면(curved planar wall)-재귀반사' 구조를 적용한 '곡면-병풍형-재귀반사판'을 사용하여 반투과 거울판을 없애 반투막에 의한 광손실을 개선하고, 시스템을 단순화하였다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2010

We present a useful design for a free access mat which supports two frequency bands of 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. The free access mat is a sheet-shaped waveguide which consists of a tightly coupled double-layered microstrip resonator array. It provides easy access for devices in short-range wireless communications. Interference is a common problem with conventional applications which use free space transmission. Our proposed wireless access system uses a subsidiary waveguide, the free access mat. Wireless devices are proximately coupled to the free access mat through which the coupled electromagnetic (EM) wave transmits. The arrival domain of the EM wave of an application is therefore limited to an area close to the free access mat. Wireless devices can be coupled to the free access mat at an arbitrary position without contact. We previously presented a free access mat for a single frequency band. This paper presents a free access mat for the two frequency bands of 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. The free access mat uses a ring patch resonator array which is easily excited by typical antennas and is resistant to interference. These characteristics are demonstrated by numerical simulation and confirmed by experiment.