• 수산경영론집
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.45-71
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• 2006

The main objective of this study is to analyze problems of the Country of Origin Labeling(COOL) in small live fish(SLF) trade by applying the asymmetric information theory which is called ${\ulcorner}$Lemon Market Theory${\lrcorner}$. The purpose of importing SLF is to enhance fishing household income and import substitution effect as well. SLF importation is quite different in its nature from importing general fish and fish products for final/direct consumption. SLF are imported for the purpose of domestic aquaculture and naturalization where domestic production/supply of SLF is less than domestic demand for or such species are not native to Korean waters. Information asymmetric problems arise even in SLF trade as the same way in general goods and services. However, the information asymmetry issues in SLF trade are much more complex than non-living goods because SLF are traded in the live state. To alleviate such problems the Korean government initiated the general COOL scheme to imported SLF. However, many experts argues that such policy on SLF would not be appropriate because of SLF's very nature. Applying the lemon market theory, we can analyze how information discovery schemes are able to signal correct information to SLF trading parties and to result in more symmetric information in SLF trade markets. This research carried out a case study about small live eel(SLF) trade and its farming. The results showed that applying the COOL to small live eels just right upon coming into fish farms tends to increase substantially fish farmer's income and at the same time to lower unnecessary transaction costs. In particular, such transaction costs by imposing simply the general COOL on SLF may easily outweigh its benefits. For instance, to resolve the problems, the Korean ministry of agriculture and forestry(KMAF) has developed a quite different COOL rules from the general ones and has applied them to imported live cattle and medium/small livestocks. The KMAF's differentiated COOL policy on some imported livestocks may be a good case which can be applied to imported SLF. In addition to the differentiated COOL on SLF, Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) and traceability system would play crucial complementary roles in alleviating information asymmetry problems in SLF trade. Advanced fisheries tend to strengthen their SPS system rather than to adopt the general comprehensive COOL schemes into imported SLF trades and domestic market exchanges.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.54-59
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• 2012

본 연구는 사포닌과 아미노산 함유비료를 크리핑벤트그래스에 관주시비하여 잔디생육에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 복합비료를 대신하여 잔디관리에 이용할 수 있는지 평가하기 위해 수행되었다. 엽색지수, 엽록소지수, 건물중, 잔디밀도, 뿌리길이 및 잔디의 양분함유량을 조사하여 생육을 평가하였다. 시험 전후 토양분석결과, 처리구에 따른 토양화학성의 변화는 나타나지 않아 SLF와 ALF의 시비가 골프코스의 토양화학성의 변화에 영향을 미치지 않음을 확인하였다. 벤트그라스의 엽색지수와, 엽록소지수는 2SLF와 2ALF에서는 엽색지수와 엽록소지수가 CF와 비슷하거나 약간 높았고, 잔디밀도와 뿌리길이는 2SLF, ALF 및 2ALF에서 CF보다 높았다. 건물중과 잔디 중 질소와 칼리함량은 2ALF 처리구에서 가장 높게 조사되었다. 잔디품질은 뿌리길이, 잔디밀도, 건물중 및 질소와 칼륨함량에 대해 고도의 상관성을 보였고(P<0.05), 잔디에 함유된 질소는 잔디밀도, 뿌리길이 및 건물중과 같은 잔디생육과 높은 상관성을 보였으며(P<0.05), 잔디에 함유된 칼륨은 잔디밀도와 건물중에서 높은 상관성을 보였다(P<0.05). 이러한 결과를 통해 기능성물질이 함유된 비료는 복합비료를 대신하여 잔디관리에 이용할 수 있을 것으로 기대되었고, 기능성액상비료의 관주시비 시 질소와 칼륨이 잔디에 흡수되어 잔디 지상부 및 지하부생장과 밀도를 증가시킴으로써 잔디품질을 향상시키는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.58-68
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• 2014

2010년 기준 전 세계 자동차 등록대수는 약 10억 대에 이르며, 약 4천만 대의 폐 자동차가 발생하였다. 이에 EU를 비롯한 선진국들은 2015년까지 폐 자동차의 재활용률을 95%까지 높일 것을 요구하고 있다. 우리나라도 '전기 전자제품 및 자동차의 자원순환에 관한 법률'을 제정하여 폐 자동차의 95% 재활용을 목표로 하고 있다. 이러한 요구조건을 충족시키기 위해 현재 충분히 재활용되지 못하고 파쇄잔재물의 형태로 매립되고 있는 플라스틱, 비철금속 등의 처리 문제가 중요한 과제로 부상하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 폐 자동차 처리 선진국의 재활용 현황 조사의 일환으로, EU 폐차처리규정 설정 방향과 EU의 ELVs & SLF/ASR 처리 현황에 대한 조사를 수행하여, ELVs & SLF/ASR 처리의 세계적인 흐름을 확인하였다.

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2006년도 전기학술대회논문집
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• pp.125-126
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• 2006

This document summarizes the work completed during the interessional period by the IMO SLF correspondence group on the drafting of Safety standards for small fishing vessels, which was established at IMO SLF 48.

• KIEE International Transactions on Electrophysics and Applications
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• 제3C권3호
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• pp.73-76
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• 2003

In modern EHV (Extra High Voltage) class GCBs (Gas Circuit Breakers), the interruption capability for SLF (Short Line Fault) is one of the most important aspects of performance required for GCBs. Up to now, the SLF interruption capability of EHV class GCBs was partially assisted by the adoption of capacitors able to decrease the dV/dt of the TRV (Transient Recovery Voltage), particularly the TRV on the line side. This paper describes the technique to increase the SLF interruption capability of EHV class GCBs as well as the procedure to develop capacitorless l70kV 50kA GCB.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2014

3개의 난류모델과 3개의 연소모델로 구성된 9개의 모델조합을 이용하여 난류 부분예혼합 제트화염 구조에 대한 수치적 예측성능을 검토하였다. 이용된 난류모델은 표준 ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ 모델(SKE), Realizable ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ 모델(RKE) 및 Reynolds 응력모델(RSM)이며 연소모델들은 Eddy Dissipation Concept 모델(EDC), Steady Laminar Flamelet 모델(SLF)와 Unsteady Laminar Flamelet 모델(ULF)이다. 9개 모델조합의 예측성능을 평가하기 위하여 실험결과가 알려진 Sandia D 화염인 난류 부분예혼합 제트화염을 대상으로 수치계산을 수행하였다. 얻어진 결과로서, 화염길이의 예측은 RSM > SKE > RKE순으로 길게 예측하였으며, RKE 난류모델은 화염길이를 너무 과소 예측하는 것을 확인하였다. RSM + SLF과 RSM + ULF의 조합은 화염길이는 비교적 잘 예측하였지만 하류에서의 화염온도를 과대 예측하였다. 반면에 SKE와 연소모델의 조합에서 SLF 또는 ULF 조합은 화염길이 뿐만 아니라 하류에서의 화염온도도 비교적 잘 예측하였는 것을 확인하였다. 반경방향 화염온도 및 화학종 농도분포를 비교해 본 결과 SKE와 연소모델의 조합이 가장 예측성능이 뛰어났으며 SKE + ULF의 조합이 가장 우수한 예측성능을 갖는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.24-32
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• 2020

A self-blast type gas circuit breaker has been studied in this study to improve efficiency of interrupting performance of short line fault(SLF). Hot gas flows of gas circuit breaker have been simulated to evaluate interruption performance using CFD. Design parameters such as various types of expansion chamber and nozzles are suggested by using simulation results. Simulated results and experimental ones are compared with previous (ones that of in under development and with capacitor) GCB. Modified new shape of an expansion chamber and nozzle has been suggested to improve the efficiency of gas flow and to provide guidelines for designing self-blast breaker with a higher interruption capability.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.521-529
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• 2010

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate multi-microbe submerged liquid (SLF) and solid substrate (SSF) fermented probiotic products in broilers. The SLF and SSF probiotics were comprised of Lactobacillus acidophilus ($1.1{\times}10^9$ and $4{\times}10^8$ cfu/g), Bacillus subtilis ($1.1{\times}10^9$ and $4{\times}10^9$ cfu/g), Saccharomyces cerevisiae ($1.5{\times}10^7$ and $1.0{\times}10^4$ cfu/g) and Aspergillus oryzae ($2.6{\times}10^7$ and $4.3{\times}10^7$ cfu/g), respectively. In Exp. 1, 640 day-old Ross chicks were allotted to 4 treatments, each comprising 4 replicates (40 chicks/replicate). The basal diet was prepared without any antimicrobials (negative control, NC), and 20 mg/kg avilamycin (positive control, PC), 0.3% SLF and 0.3% SSF probiotics were added to the basal diets as treatments. Birds fed PC and SSF diets showed improved (p<0.001) overall weight gain and F/G than birds fed NC and SLF diets; whereas, birds fed SLF diet had better weight gain and F/G than birds fed NC diet. Retention of CP was higher (p<0.05) in birds fed the SSF diet than birds fed PC, SLF and NC diets. Birds fed the SLF diet tended to have higher (p<0.10) cecal total anaerobic bacteria than birds fed PC and NC diets; whereas, lesser cecal coliforms were noticed in birds fed PC, SLF and SSF diets than birds fed the NC diet. In Exp. 2, 640 day-old Ross chicks were randomly allotted to 4 treatments in a $2{\times}2$ factorial arrangement. Each treatment had 4 replicates (40 chicks/replicate). Two different multi-microbe probiotic products (0.3% SLF or SSF) each with two different antibiotics (10 mg/kg colistin, or 20 mg/kg avilamycin) were used as dietary treatments. Birds fed the SSF diet had greater weight gain (p<0.001), better F/G (p<0.05), greater retention of energy (p<0.001) and protein (p<0.05), and lesser cecal Clostridium (d 35) than birds fed SLF diet. Birds fed the colistin-supplemented diet had less (p<0.01) cecal coliforms when compared with birds fed the avilamycin diet. Additionally, birds fed the avilamycin diet had greater energy retention (p<0.05) than birds fed the colistin diet. Thus, the results of this study suggest the multi-microbe probiotic product prepared by a solid substrate fermentation method to be superior to the probiotic product prepared by submerged liquid fermentation; moreover, feeding of probiotics with different antibiotics did not elicit any interaction effect between probiotic and antibiotic.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.544-547
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• 2002

In a high power laboratory, artificial lines are used for SLF tests of circuit breakers. The line side PTRV is affected by the stray capacitances of testing and measuring equipment as well as the circuit parameters of artificial lines. The changing pattern of PTRV was examined, and the circuit parameters of artificial line for some examples were compensated using the changing pattern to satisfy test conditions specified.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2015년도 제46회 하계학술대회
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• pp.1028-1029
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 대전류 구간에서의 아크해석 결과를 이용하여 SLF 차단성능을 예측하기 위하여 과도회복전압 상승률에 따라 전류영점 후 수~수백 마이크로초 동안 $SF_6$ 아크현상 이력과 영점후전류를 계산하여 대전류 구간 마지막 시점에서의 10,000K 이하의 가느다란 잔류아크가 완전히 소호될지 아니면 아크가 다시 재발호될지 판단하였다.