• 한국공간정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공간정보시스템학회 2004년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집 제1권1호(통권1호)
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• pp.43-52
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• 2004

The objective of this study is the development of size, shape and topology discrete optimum design algorithm which is based on the genetic algorithms. The algorithm can perform both shape and topology optimum designs of trusses. The developed algerian was implemented in a computer program. For the optimum design, the objective function is the weight of trusses and the constraints are stress and displacement. The basic search method for the optimum design is the genetic algorithms. The algorithm is known to be very efficient for the discrete optimization. The genetic algorithm consists of genetic process and evolutionary process. The genetic process selects the next design points based on the survivability of the current design points. The evolutionary process evaluates the survivability of the design points selected from the genetic process. The efficiency and validity of the developed size, shape and topology discrete optimum design algorithms were verified by applying the algorithm to optimum design examples

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2004

In this study, the electromagnetic vibration is adopted for modifying eutectic Si phase and reducing its size. The higher the current density and frequency of electromagnetic vibration(EMV), the finer the size of eutectic Si phase. The tensile strength and elongation of EMVed alloy were highly improved. Measured twin probability of EMVed alloy at a frequency of 1000 Hz was approximately six times as high as that of the normal alloy. The mechanism for the increase in twin density due to EMV during solidification could be supposed from the fact that the preferential growth along <112> in silicon was suppressed by preventing Si atom from attaching to the growing interface of Si phase and by changing the solid/liquid interfacial energy of silicon. According to the result of UTS test, because of modification of eutectic Si, UTS and elongation are highly increased.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2004

Structures and strengths of paper have been studied by analyzing fibers characteristics depending on refining methods. Mixing ratio of softwood and hardwood fibers and fibers characteristics have been analyzed for paper quality improvement. In this study flocculation and drainage of fibers were analyzed to improve the production efficiency and paper product's quality. Floc size and drainage rate depending on stock consistency and fines content were analyzed. Total amount of drainage during drainage process was measured quantitatively by using DI(drainage index). Floc size, viscosity of floc and dewatering times were also measured. In the case of refining load $2.8 kg_f$ , drainage was occurred by filtration mechanism rather than thickening mechanism because drainage resistance increased by fibrillation of fibers. Therefore, the drainage rate of $2.8 kg_f$ refining load stock was slower than that of $5.6 kg_f$.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2021년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.495-498
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• 2021

In 2021, Tokyo held the delayed 2020 Olympics in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. As with any Olympics, the final medal count was of particular interest. Since 2004, South Korea has consistently ranked in the top ten most successful countries for four straight Summer Olympics. However, in 2021, it fell short of a top ten finish for the first time since 2004. There may be many factors that affect the final medal count in any Olympics, and this study compares and looks for correlations between some of these factors including final medal count, GDP, population, size of Olympic contingent, and Freedom Index. The study pays particular attention to South Korea and other countries which have seen a dramatic change in Freedom Index score since 1972, when the index was first published.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.125-132
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to provide foot classification on young men and women by factor analysis. The sample for this work was chosen from data which were collected and measured by Size Korea during two years ($2003{\sim}2004$). In order to analyze and compare features of the foot of young men and women, analysis was performed about 911 subjects (male: 467, female: 444) on 24 parts such as height (8 parts), width (5 parts), thickness (1 part), circumference (3 parts), length (3 parts) and angle (4 parts). The result of this study can be applied in manufacturing and design of shoes and socks. Also, it will enable us to have fruitful information on considerable items during manufacturing and design of shoes and socks.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.929-931
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• 2004

Recently, there are growing demands for permanent magnet(PM) type stepping motor that greater mechanical output, smaller size. Especially, the PM type stepping motor with claw-poles is preferred solution for many small electronics position determination devices since it is small in size, low cost. But, the design of the PM type stepping motor with claw-poles is very difficult because it has a magnetic 3-D shape. This paper deals with a study of the miniaturization of the PM type stepping motor with claw-poles. We investigate the characteristic of the actual model using the equivalent magnetic circuit method and 3-D FE analysis.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.162-170
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 탈북 성인 남녀의 평균 신장을 남한의 것과 비교 검토함으로써 영양 환경의 질이 향상되면 남녀 간 신장의 성적이형성 (SSD, Stature Sexual Dimorphism)이 커질 것이라는 영양환경 가설을 검증하였다. 연구대상 선정은 두 단계에 걸쳐 이루어졌다. 우선, 1997년부터 2007년 4월까지 남한에 입국하여 신체를 계측한 탈북자 중에서 탈북 당시 연령이 최소 만 20세 이상이어서 성인신장을 북한에서 도달한 것으로 추정할 수 있는 사람들을 일차 표본으로 선정하였다. 이 일차 표본 중에서 1955년에서 1959년 사이에 출생한 사람들과 1980년에서 1984년 사이에 출생한 사람들을 최종 선정하여 탈북자들 사이의 세대 간 변화를 비교하였다. 남북한 비교를 위해서는 남한의 Size Korea 2004 자료를 이용하였다. Size Korea 2004 자료에서 만20세 이상 성인으로서 탈북자 표본과 같은 시기 즉, 1955년에서 1959년 사이 그리고 1980년에서 1984년 사이에 출생한 사람들의 SSD를 계산하여 탈북자 자료와 비교하였다. SSD의 크기 변화를 통계적으로 검증하기 위해서는 Greene (1989)의 검증법을 이용하였다. 조사 결과, 탈북자들 사이에서는 한국전쟁 종전 직후 출생한 세대와 1980년대에 출생한 세대 사이에 평균 신장의 증가가 관찰되지 않았고 신장 성적이형성의 크기에도 변화가 없었다. 반면에 남한에서는 두 세대 사이에 평균 신장의 확연한 증가가 있었는데 남녀 중에서도 남성 집단의 평균신장 증가가 더욱 두드러진 결과로 SSD도 증가하였다. 즉 1980년대 출생자들이 한국전쟁 종전 직후인 1955~59년 사이에 출생한 사람들보다 확연히 큰 SSD를 보여주었다. 이는 영양 환경의 질이 향상되면 남성과 여성 사이의 성적 이형성이 커지는 경향이 나타날 것이라는 영양환경 가설을 뒷받침하는 결과이다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is focused on defining the types of spatial configuration of internal functions in city hotels by researching and analyzing city hotels in Korea and Japan. The scope of this study is limited to the period of early 1980's to the end of 1990's and 18 city hotels in Korea and Japan are selected as subject. Researching existing records and analyzing plans, surveys are used as the method of the study. The result of this study is as follow. First, block composition of floor plans that is used for hotel construction could be divided into three types (immanent type-6hotels, combined type-7hotels, adjacent type-4hotels). Second, the result of analysis about the internal functions and structural types of public area in city hotels is as follow. More Korean city hotels are taking concourse type (Korea 77.8%, Japan 55.6%) and hall type (Korea 22.2%, Japan 11.1%) than Japanese city hotels. However, the mixed type (concourse type +hall type) is only used in Japan (Korea 0%, Japan 33.3%). Third, as the result of the comparison of the size of public area between Korea and Japan, Korean hotels (36.70%) have larger space than Japanese hotels only in the service area. public (Korea 33.98% < Japan 34.71%), business (Korea 27.68% Japan 31.41%)and empty (Korea 1.64% < Japan 6.13%) area is taking larger space in Japanese city hotels than Korean.

• 한국양식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국양식학회 2004년도 수산관련학회 공동학술대회 발표요지집
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• pp.379-380
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• 2004

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.37-40
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• 2004

The impact/sliding wear tests have been performed in high temperature high pressure water in order to evaluate the effect of spring shape on the wear behavior of a spring supported tube for nuclear fuel fretting study. The results indicate that the tube wear volume and the size of the wear scar are closely related to each spring shape. From the analysis of the wear scar, it is possible to extract the real worn area (Aw) from the size of the wear scar (At). In addition, we found that the wear volume has a linear relation with the real worm area rather than the size of wear scar and this was only determined by each spring shape in the high temperature and pressure water condition. From the above results, it is possible to evaluate the wear resistant spring using the correlation between the variation of the real worn area and the wear behavior at each spring.