• 농촌계획
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2011

This paper is to contribute for management and restoration as a basic study of vegetation structure in Aemirang Hill, Nakdongjeongmaek. To verify the characteristics of vegetation structure, we set up 25 plots($100m^2$). The result of community analysis was used by TWINSPAN classification. The communities were classified 7 types i.e. Quercus variabilis community, Quercus mongolica community, Pinus densiflora community, Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica community, Q. mongolica-Quercus variabilis community, Quercus mongolica-Betula davurica community, Larix leptolepis community. Pinus densiflora community and Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica community are progressively transforming a Quercus mongolica community that is called Pinus densiflora next succession stage. Whereas the communities that has dominant Quercus variabilis and Quercus mongolica did not appear a next generation succession tree such as Carpinus laxiflora, Carpinus cordata in the under story and shrub layer. Therefore, Aemirang Hill's ecological succession was to maintain the status condition. Aemirang Hill's diversity index is 0.5738 to 0.8906. It were analyzed that diversity index was lower than other places.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.229-239
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• 1998

This study investigated ecological and growth characteristics of Sorbus alnifolia for usage of landscape woody plant. The results are obtained as follows: 1) The results of investigate the native Sorbus alnifolia vegetations in Seoul and Kyonggi-do are as follows. From the investigation of canopy and understory, Pinus densiflora, Pinus rigida, Quercus mongolica Quercus dentata and Quercus aliena grow well in natural habitat of Sorbus alnifolia. While Rhod. mucronulatum, Symplocos chinensis, Corylus hetrophylla and alnifolia. While Rhod. mucronulatum, Symplocos chinensis, Corylus hetrophylla and Lindera obtusiloba are commonly found from shrub structure in the habitat. These structure pattern of natural setting would be applied for ecological planting design. 2) The Mt. Rabong area, which locates near a heavy factory district and is considered as environmental dteriorated area has the lowest soil acidity range among three investigated area. Sorbus alnifolia grows in where contains low soil acidity and inorganic nutrient. It might concluded that Sorbus alnifolia be tolerates to air pollution. 3) From the investigation of good specimen tres, the oldest good specimen trees of Sorbus alnifolia have grown in Seoul and Kyonggi-Do for 130 years with 15m height and 12m width. Most of good specimen trees are over 50 years old with 10~15m height, 4.5-12m width. These growth shape and form could be recommend that Sorbus alnifolia would be used as street tree and landscape woody plant in urban park.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.144-148
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• 1992

야생(野生) 버섯 중(中) 송이의 대표적 발생지(發生地)인 전북(全北) 남원(南原) 지역(地域)에서 식생(植生) 및 주요(主要) 야생(野生)버섯 분포(分布)를 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 송이 발생지(發生地)에서 식생(植生)의 출현종수(出現種數)는 $11{\sim}29$종(種)이었으며 교목층(喬木層)(Tl, T2)에서는 소나무(Pinus densiflora S. et. Z.), 관목층(灌木層)(S)에서는 진달래(Rhododendron mucronulatm TURCZ), 졸참나무(Quercus serrata THUNB.), 초목층(草木層)(H)에서는 산거울(Carex humilis LEYss.)이 우고(優古)하고 있었다. 송이 발생지(發生地)의 주요(主要) 야생(野生) 버섯 분포(分布)는 그물버섯과(科)(Boletaceae)에 속하는 평원비단그물버섯(Suilus Placidus Bon. Sing.)과 싸리버섯과(科)(Ramariaceae)에 속하는 싸리버섯(Ramaria botrytis Fr. Ricken) 등(等)이 주종(主從)을 이루었다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.279-287
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• 2004

낙동정맥의 가지산～능동산 구간 능선부 주변의 식생구조를 파악하기 위하여 10개 조사지에 50개 조사구를 설치하여 조사를 실시하였다. Ordination기법 중 DCA 분석을 실시한 결과 군락의 종조성이 유사하여 연속적으로 나타났다. 각 조사지별로 식생구조를 분석한 결과 능선부의 주요 식생은 교목층에서 떡갈나무, 소나무 신갈나무이고 아교목층에서는 철쭉꽃, 관목층에서는 미역줄나무였다. 단위면적당(500㎥) 종다양도는 1.5315～2.4005였으며, 연륜분석결과 약 30～40년생 숲으로 밝혀졌다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.270-282
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• 1997

설악산 국립공원 신흥사-와선대 지역의 산림군집구조를 분석하여 국립공원 관리를 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 60개의 조사구를 설정하였으며, DCA분석결과 소나무군집과 졸참나무군집으로 분리되었다. 소나무군집은 장기적으로 아교목층과 관목층에서 세력이 우세한 졸참나무로의 천이진행이 예상되었으며, 졸참나무군집은 대경목 위주인 소나무의 세력은 계속감소되고 졸참나무와 신갈나무를 중심으로 한 참나무류로 유지될 것으로 판단되었다. 소나무군집과 졸참나무군집에서 Shannon의 종다양도지수는 각각 1.2554, 1.1134, 조사구 100m$^{2}$당 종수는 7~26종, 평균종수는 13종 이었다.

• 약학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.2-4
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• 1948

Syringa oblata var dilatata (Nakai) Rehder is a oleaceous, deciduous shrub indigenous in the calcareous zones of Korea. The author researched the constituents of the leaves of the plant, especially the bitter principles which may be used as amara. According to the literature a bitter principle Syringin and Mannitol were isolated from the leaves of S. vulgaris L. And later on B. Power indicated that syringin and mannitol were widely distributed in oleaceous plants. The fresh leaves of the plant wer extracted with hot water, the filtered clear liquid was mixed with solution of lead acetate. The lead precipitate was filtered off and the filtered liquid was freed from lead by H$_{4}$S. The filtrate thus obtained was evaporated, and from the residue colorless needles, M. P. 166.deg., were obtained. It was soluble in water, in hot alcohol, and insoluble in ether and had a sweet taste. The results of the elementar analysis, M. P. and other characteristics agreed with that of d-mannitol. Finally it was proved to be identical with d-mannitol through conversion of it into Hexaacetyl mannitol, M. P. 124.deg., Triformal mannitol, M. P. 227.deg., Tribenzal mannitol, M. P. 224.deg., which exhibited no depression, when mixed with authentic specimens. The experiments to isolate bitter principles of the plant are in progress.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.451-462
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• 1995

A comparative study on the minimal areas and the community structures in pine IPinus densiflora) and oak (Quercus mongolica) frests was carried out. Basic tools used in the present study were species diversity and classical ayntaxonomy (Z.-M. School) of the phytocoenosis. Total 120 nest-quadrats in 40 stands situated at the syngeographical region of the Lindero-Quercion mongolicae were investigated. Each stand was classified on the basis of species combination, and species abundance was computed with net contribution degree (NCD). Composition ratio of plant-from and rate of actual species diversity (ASD) to syntaxa were computed for better interpretation of the minimal areas. Four syntaxa were structured: Saso-Quercetum mongolicae, Viola albida-Quercus mongolica community, Carex hummilis-Pinus densiflora community and Juniperus rigida-Pinus densiflora community. Their minimal areas were determined as 305, 196, 169, and 81 ㎡, respectively. Aconsistent regularity between species composition ratio and community structure in the multi-layered plant community was hardly found. The minimal areas increased linearly with increasing rate of ASD, and a phytocoenosis developed by diverse arboreta in the understory and shrub-layer should be investigated with larger sampling sizes.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.153-167
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• 2009

Riparian vegetation gives basic habitats for animal and other biological organisms. It is one of essential landscapes in river ecosystem. This floral study was conducted to give basic information for management of the Geum river ecosystem. We discovered total 69 plant communities out of 40 sites studied and mean 8 plant communities were analysed per study site. Salix koreensis and Salix subfragilis community were dominant of all communities at tree layer and Salix gracilistyla and Rubus parvifolius were dominant communities at shrub layer. Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites japonica, Miscanthus sacchariflorus and Artemisia princeps var. orientalis appeared most as perennial grasses and Humulus japonicus, Persicaria thunbergii and Persicaria hydropiper appeared most as annual grasses. Robinia pseudoacacia, Amorpha fruticosa and Bidens frondosa were frequently present as exotic species. Grass communities were higher than tree communities because of human disturbance by artificial banks. The number of species was 182 appeared as 53 families 144 species, 34 varieties and 4 forma and mean species number was 25.5 per site. The most abundant site was Yanggang bridge site (14 vegetation association, 49 species) and the least abundant site was Namdaechon, Muju site (3 vegetation association, 12 species). We suggest that continuous riparian vegetation monitoring should be carried out to manage water environment ecologically.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.149-163
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• 2015

The aim of the present study was to assess the variation in species composition and diversity of woody species at different altitudes (900 to 2600 m asl) in Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary (KWLS) and its adjoining areas in Garhwal Himalaya, India. A total of 94 woody plant species (including 44 tree and 50 shrub species) belonging to 72 genera and 44 families were reported. Density varied from $235{\pm}9$ to $505{\pm}21trees\;ha^{-1}$ and $4,730{\pm}474$ to $9,530{\pm}700shrubs\;ha^{-1}$. Total basal cover varied from $10.49{\pm}0.66$ to $42.92{\pm}2.57m^2ha^{-1}$ (trees) and $0.36{\pm}0.024$ to $0.62{\pm}0.047m^2ha^{-1}$ (shrubs). Shannon-Wiener Index fluctuated between 2.30 to 3.53 (trees) and 2.74 to 3.78 (shrubs). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that altitude and aspect had significant effect on the distribution of woody species. Taxonomically, Rosaceae with 15 species emerged as the dominant family. Low value of maturity index and contiguous distribution of species denoted the early successional status of the studied forests. The conservation assessment based on altitudinal regimes and the information on species structure and function can provide baseline information for monitoring and sustaining the biodiversity.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.285-295
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• 1990

Floristic composition and soil properties were analyzed in red pine($Pinus densiflora$) communities in the limestone areas. Tanyang, Ch ungbuk Province in Korea. The tree layer was composed of $Juniperus rigida, Quercus dentata, Q. mongolica$ and others as well as $P. densiflora$, all of which also appeared in soils of grinite origin The shrub layer was dominated by $Q. dentata, Lespedeza cyrtobotrya, Securinega suffruticosa, Abelia coreana$ and $Uimus davidiana$ for $suberosa$. Among these $A. coreana$ and $U. davidiana$ for $suberosa$ belonged to calcicole plant. The herb layer dominated by $Carex lanceolata$. Soil pH ranged 7.9-8.3. Total nitrogen and available phosphorus content of the soil were lower than those of noncalcareous soils. However, exchangeable calcium and magnesium content were 10 times and 2~3 times greater than those of noncalcreous soils, respectively. The difference of soil texture between top soil(loam soil) and subsoil(sand soil), and higher soil organic matter content than noncalcareous red pine forest soils seemed related to the casts forming activities of earthworms.