• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.476-492
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• 2003

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to compare HEMA and TEGDMA as diluents for the composite resin. Material and methods : Eight kinds of experimental light curable composite resins were prepared and used. Concentrations of monomer and filler were same for all experimental composites, except, the diluent's ratios to the monomer. The ratio of diluents to Bis-GMA were 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%, and two kinds of diluents were used, so total experimental groups were eight including one control group of 25% TEGDMA. Results : Depth of cure, flexural strength, shear bond strength to bovine enamel, shear bond strength to bovine dentin, water absorption and solubility of composites in water were measured. Sample size for each groups were 10. Arithmetic means were used as each groups representative values, and regression test for two diluents and low concentrations, Duncan's multiple range test, and Two-way ANOVA test were done for kinds of diluents and its concentrations at level of 0.05. Conclusion : Following results were obtained ; 1. There were not significant differences in effects of HEMA and TEGDMA to depth of cure, flexural strength of composites and shear bond strength to bovine enamel (p>0.05). 2. Increase of the concentrations of the diluents made the depth of cure (p<0.001) and flexural strength (p<0.05) a little higher. 3. Shear bond strength to dentin was higher on HEMA containing composites than TEGDMA containing composites (p<0.001). 4. Water absorption was higher on HEMA containing composites than TEGDMA containing composites (p<0.01).

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.5 s.70
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• pp.689-698
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of light cured glass ionomer cement to enamel surface which treated with $37\%$ phosphoric acid, $10\%$ polyacrylic acid, $1.23\%$ acidulated phosphate fluoride gel and no etching agent. To compare the shear bond strength of glass ionomer cement, light-cured composite resin and chemically-cured composite resin were empoloyed as controls. Eight experiments groups were composed. 10 specimens of each group were bonded by metal bracket by tested in universal testing machine for shear bond strength, in stereoscope for adhesive remnants index. The data were evaluated statistically by SPSS/PC+. The results were as follows. 1. Among the groups of $37\%$ phosphoric acid treated and dry and bonded with light cured glass ionomer, light cured composite resin, and chemically cured composite resin, the shear bond strength of glass ionomer group showed no significant difference to the others, but the shear bond strength of chemically cured resin showed statistically lower than that of light cured resin (p<0.05). 2. The shear bond strengths of glass ionomer cement to enamel treated group with $1.23\%$ acidulated phosphate fluoride gel and $10\%$ polyacrylic acid and $37\%$ phosphoric acid showed statistically higher than that of no etched enamel group(p<0.U). 3. In the groups of glass ionomer cement, the presence of moisture was not significantly effect to the shear bond strength (p<0.05). 4. After debonding, no etched enamel group showed less residual materials on the enamel surface than the group of enamel etched with $37\%$ Phosphoric acid.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.149-159
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• 1996

Recent advances in material technology has accelerated the development of higher strength concretes using lightweight manufactured aggregates.Concretes with these chnractcristics are designable since the reductiun of dead loads and the increase in load capacity can oflix substantial cost reductions. Alt,hough thesc rharackristics are very desirable, very little information is availablc to the structural rivic;~~,cher about the properties of highstrength lightweight concrete. In general, shear strength of reinforced concrete beams is dependent on the compressive strength of concrete. the longitudinal steel ratio, the shear span to the depth ratio and shear reinforcement. In this study. eight single reinforced high strength lightweight concrete beams were tested to investigate their behavior and to determine their ultimate shear strengths.The variables studied in this investigation are shear span to effective depth ratio a/d = 1.5. 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 : vertical shear reinforcement ratio ${\rho}_8= 0%$ and 1.136%. Test results were analyzed and compared with strengths predicted by ACI code equation. Zsutty's equation. As the results, ACI Eq.(ll-3) and ACI Eq.(ll-6) are conservative for high strength lightweight concrete beam. Also Zsuttyrs Eq. is conservative for beams except short beams. (a/d= 1.5)

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.18 no.5 s.95
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• pp.611-620
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• 2006

In the shear failure mechanism of a beam, beam and arch actions always exist simultaneously. According to the shear span to depth ratio, the proportion between these two actions is varied and the contribution of these actions to shear capacity is changed. Moreover, the current codes provide recommendations based on experimental results of normal strength concrete, so the application range of concrete strength must be extended. Based on this mechanism and new requirement, a simplified analytical equation for shear capacity prediction of reinforced high strength concrete beams without stirrups is proposed. To reflect the change in the contribution between these actions, stress variation in the longitudinal reinforcement along the span is considered by use of the Jenq and Shah Model. Dowel action with horizontal splitting failure and shear friction between cracks are also taken into account. ize effect is included to derive a more precise equation. Regression analysis is performed to determine each variable and simplify the equation. And, the formula derived from theoretical approaches is evaluated by comparison with numerous experimental data, which are in broad range of concrete strength(especially in high strength concrete), shear span to depth ratio, geometrical size and longitudinal steel ratio. It is shown that the proposed equation is more accurate and simpler than other empirical equations, so a wide range of a/d can be considered in one equation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 1999.03a
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• pp.431-438
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• 1999

An assessment of liquefaction potential is made in principle by comparing the shear stress induced by earthquake to the liquefaction strength of the soil. In this study, a modified method based on Seed and Idriss theory is developed for evaluating liquefaction potential. The shear stress in the ground can be evaluated with seismic response analysis and the liquefaction strength of the soil can be investigated by using cyclic triaxial tests. The cyclic triaxial tests are conducted in two different conditions in order to investigate the factors affecting liquefaction strength such as cyclic shear stress amplitude and relative density. And performance of the modified method in practical examples is demonstrated by applying it to liquefaction analysis of artificial zones with dimensions and material properties similar to those in a typical field. From the result, the modified method for assessing liquefaction potential can successfully evaluate the safety factor under moderate magnitude(M=6.5) of earthquake.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.49-54
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• 2001

It is common that the soil layer is a few meters below the earth's surface and the rock mass is below the soil layer in the view of geological characteristics in Korea. And the boundary between rock and soil is clearly divided. When dealing with the stability of rock masses, as in the case of rock slopes or dam foundations, the majority of the collapses is not within the soil layer, but within the soil-rock boundary. Therefore it is important to identify the shear strength characteristics between soil-rock boundary. And then in the method of reinforcement on landslide this chose a cut slope near Daemo elementary school in Seoul, surveyed shear strength between soil-rock contacts and considered a large scale collapse using a limit equilibrium method.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.62-67
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• 2012

In this study, the bonding strengths of adhesively bonded joints are experimentally investigated. A series of lap-shear tests are conducted using single lap type adhesive joints. In order to analyse the joint fabrication factors that affected the bonding strength, the parametric tests are conducted with various thickness of adhesive, surface roughness and fillet of adhesive. In addition, for the comparative study with the welded joint, lap-shear tests using specimens with 2 welded sides and 4 welded sides are also carried out. The quantitative results of the strength analysis are summarized, and some proposals are made on setting up testing standards for adhesively bonded joints.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.597-602
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• 2001

Most of the predicted shear strength of continuous R.C. beam whitout web reinforcement were accepted by testing simple beams. But the experimental results may show that a differential behavior on simple and continuous R.C. beam. In this study, estimated shear strength of continuous R.C. beam without web reinforcement with internal force state factors by test as purpose to apply available predicted equation to normal continuous R.C. beam. This equation is applied to experimentally tested data and the results were compared with those predicted by the codes. Predicted shear strength using force state factor can provide a tested data rather than codes which like ACI

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.74 no.4
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• pp.503-514
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• 2020

This study proposes prediction models for the shear strength of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) and ultra-high-performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPC) beams using a Bayesian parameter estimation approach and a collected experimental database. Previous researchers had already proposed shear strength prediction models for SFRC and UHPC beams, but their performances were limited in terms of their prediction accuracies and the applicability to UHPC beams. Therefore, this study adopted a statistical approach based on a collected database to develop prediction models. In the database, 89 and 37 experimental data for SFRC and UHPC beams without stirrups were collected, respectively, and the proposed equations were developed using the Bayesian parameter estimation approach. The proposed models have a simplified form with important parameters, and in comparison to the existing prediction models, provide unbiased high prediction accuracy.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.70-79
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• 1990

Stainless clad steels were made through hot rolling process. Backing plates employed in this study were HSLA steel and mild steel. The shear bond strength increased with an increase of the soaking temperature and time. It was also found that the shear bond strength increased with an increase of the reduction ratio. The threshold deformation was observed to be 20% and 10% respectively when the soaking conditions of 15 min. at 900.deg. C and 30 min. at 1000.deg. C were applied. Either the rolling or the transverse direction did not give any significant difference in the shear bond strength. Stainless steel-HSLA steel was superior to stainless steel-mild steel in the same range of magnitude. Because the above experimental results were in contrary to the existing mechanisms, the new model was proposed to describe the bonding mechanism and the void formation.