• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2000.02a
• /
• pp.210-210
• /
• 2000

Vertically well aligned multi-wall carbon nanotubes (CNT) were grown on nickel coated glass substrates by plasma enhanced hot filament chemical vapor deposition at low temperatures below 600$^{\circ}C$. Acetylene and ammonia gas were used as the carbon source and a catalyst. Effects of growth parameters such as pre-treatment of substrate, plasma intensity, filament current, imput gas flow rate, gas composition, substrate temperature and different substrates on the growth characteristics of CNT were systematically investigated. Figure 1 shows SEM image of CNT grown on Ni coated glass substrate. Diameter of nanotube was 30 to 100nm depending on the growth condition. The diameter of CNT decreased and density of CNT increased as NH3 etching time etching time increased. Plasma intensity was found to be the most critical parameter to determine the growth of CNT. CNT was not grown at the plasma intensity lower than 500V. Growth of CNT without filament current was observed. Raman spectroscopy showed the C-C tangential stretching mode at 1592 cm1 as well as D line at 1366 cm-1. From the microanalysis using HRTEM, nickel cap was observed on the top of the grown CNT and very thin carbon amorphous layer of 5nm was found on the nickel cap. Current-voltage characteristics using STM showed about 34nA of current at the applied voltage of 1 volt. Electron emission from the vertically well aligned CNT was obtained using phosphor anode with onset electric field of 1.5C/um.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2010.02a
• /
• pp.376-376
• /
• 2010

이차이온질량분석기(SIMS)는 수 kV의 에너지를 갖는 일차이온($O_2^+$, $Cs^+$)을 시료표면에 충돌시켜 표면에서 떨어져 나온 이온의 질량 및 개수를 분석하는 장비이다. SIMS는 성분원소의 깊이분포도 측정, 질량분석, Image mapping등 다양한 분석을 할 수 있다. 특히 극미량 분석이나 깊이분포도 분석에서 가장 뛰어난 성능을 가지고 있어 아직까지 많이 사용하고 있다. 하지만 SIMS는 이온빔을 이용한 스퍼터링(Sputtering) 방법으로 분석을 하므로 파괴적이며 매질효과가 심하다. 또한 Matrix 물질의 함량이나 물질 자체가 변한다면 Sputtering rate도 그에 따라 변하게 된다. 이러한 현상에 의해 Sputtering rate는 다른 물질이 섞여 있는 경우 Sputtering rate이 빠른 물질이 먼저 Sputtering이 되는 Preferential Sputtering 현상이 나타나기 때문에 계면에서 깊이분해능에 좋지 않은 영향을 주게 된다. 본 연구에서는 SIMS로 Si(100) 기판 위에 약 100nm 두께로 Fe가 증착된 시료를 분석하였다. 이차이온으로 $O_2^+$이온을 사용하였으며 이온의 입사각을 변화시켜 각 조건에서 생기는 Fe 표면의 Topograph을 SEM으로 관찰하였으며, Topograph와 SIMS깊이분해능의 관계을 이해하고 $O_2^+$ 이온의 입사각 변화에 따른 Fe 표면의 Topograph의 형태와 산화도를 이해하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2013.08a
• /
• pp.127.2-127.2
• /
• 2013

오늘날 유기고분자기반 태양전지는 다른 태양전지와 비교될 정도로 낮은 광변환효율로 인해 효율향 상을 위한 많은 연구들이 진행되어 왔다. 그중 패터닝을 통한 광포집률과 charge carrier 수집효율이 증가되었다는 많은 보고들이 있었다. 따라서 우리는 200~1,400 nm polystyrene bead를 합성하여 air-liquid interfacial 방법을 이용해 2차원 육방조밀구조를 갖는 template를 형성하고 Nanosphere lithography (NSL)를 이용하여 대면적으로 균일한 poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)를 패턴화하였다. 균일한 패턴형성을 측정하기위해 Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), image를 얻었으며, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)를 통해 형성된 패턴의 낙차 높이를 얻었고, Near IR-UV-Vis을 통해 bead size 변화에따라 얻어진 PEDOT:PSS 패턴의 반사율을 측 정하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
• /
• v.18 no.12
• /
• pp.177-184
• /
• 2001

C3M(chemical mechanical micro machining) is applied for diminishing the size of burr and fabricating the massless patterning for aluminium wafer(thickness of 1${\mu}m$). It is difficult to perform the micro size machining with the radically increased shear stress. While the miniaturization and function-orientation of parts has been needed in the many field such as electronics, optics and medicine. etc., it is not enough to satisfy the industry needs in the machining technology. In this paper feasibility test of diminishing burr and fabricating maskless pattern was experimented and analyzed. In the experiment oxide layer was farmed on the aluminium with chemical reaction by ${HNO_3}$(10wt%), then the surface was grooved with tungsten carbide tool for the different condition such as the load and fred rate. The result was compared with the conventional machining to show the improvement of C3M with SEM for burr diminish and XPS for atomic existence, AFM for more precise image.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
• /
• v.13 no.12
• /
• pp.801-805
• /
• 2003

To explore the annealing temperature dependence of dielectric properties $Ta_2$$O_{5}$ thin films were prepared by MOCVD(metal-organic chemical vapor deposition) and MOD(metal-organic decomposition). The $Ta_2$$O_{5}$thin films fabricated MOCVD and MOD were annealed in $O_2$at temperature between 600 and 90$0^{\circ}C$. The measured dielectric constant of both films at 100 KHz was the highest value at $650^{\circ}C$ and decreased with increasing annealing temperature above $650^{\circ}C$. Plane-view SEM image showed that the boundary seems to be crack broke out with increasing annealing temperature. It was confirmed that outbreak of boundary influenced a decrease of dielectric constant with increasing annealing temperature. The leakage current density increased with increasing annealing temperature.

• Fashion, Industry and Education
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.30-39
• /
• 2018

This study investigates the importance of brand and retailer associations when consumers evaluate a product category extension in the context of brand and retailer collaborations. Although brand extensions are considered to reduce costs for introducing a new product category, limited study has focused on the role of brand and retailer associations in the context of brand and retailer collaborations. Using a total of 440 participants, a hypothesized model was tested using a structural equation modeling (SEM). The results show that brand and retailer associations influence the perceived fit between a brand and a retailer. In addition, the image fit and quality fit are significantly related to brand and retailer attitudes as well as brand extension evaluation. Since consumers may use their associations with brands or retailers when they perceive product differentiation, market position, and brand extensions, the role of brand or retailer associations is important to marketers, retailers, and consumers. Given the importance of brand and retailer collaborations as a brand positioning strategy in the global branding and retail setting, the findings of this study contribute to brand and retail management by providing empirical evidence on how consumers perceive new products from extended brands in the marketplace when a brand collaborates with a retailer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.43 no.4
• /
• pp.506-520
• /
• 2019

This study first investigates relationships among fashion consumer's positive emotion toward social value seeking activities (SVSA), enterprise image (EI), enterprise-perceived quality (EPQ), and purchase intention. Additionally, it demonstrates if the confirmed relationships are different in similar SVSA between social enterprise and cause-related marketing (CRM). An online experiment using a 2 (the implementation organization of social values: social enterprise vs CRM) ${\times}2$ (SVSA: support of vulnerable group vs environmental protection) factorial design was conducted to test the established hypotheses. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions, and the collected data were analyzed using a partial least squares structure equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and partial least squares multi-group analysis (PLS-MGA). The results revealed that positive emotion toward SVSA directly influenced EI and purchase intention. EI and EPQ were identified as sequential mediators linking positive emotion toward SVSA and purchase intention. A finding for similarity in consumer response paths between social enterprises and CRM highlights that social enterprises need to develop a marketing strategy distinguished from CRM.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.71 no.6
• /
• pp.751-761
• /
• 2019

Lamb wave technology is a promising technology in the field of structural health monitoring and can be applied in the detection and monitoring of defects in plate structures. Based on the reconstruction algorithm for the probabilistic inspection of damage (RAPID), a Lamb-based detection and evaluation method of through-thickness rectangular notches in metal plates was proposed in this study. The influences of through-thickness rectangular notch length and the angle between sensing path and notch length direction on signals were further explored through simulations and experiments. Then a damage index calculation method which focuses on both phase and amplitude difference between detected signals and baseline signals was proposed. Based on the damage index difference between two vertically crossed sensing paths which pass through the notch in a sensor network, the notch direction identification method was proposed. In addition, the notch length was determined based on the damage index distribution along sensing paths. The experimental results showed that the image reconstructed with the proposed method could reflect the information for the evaluation of notches.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.30 no.9
• /
• pp.719-726
• /
• 2021

In this study, zeolitic materials were synthesized from Jeju Volcanic Rocks (JVR) using a fusion/hydrothermal method at NaOH/JVR ratios of 0.6 and 1.2. The crystallinities of the zeolitic materials at NaOH/JVR ratios of 0.6 and 1.2 were 25.5% and 59.0%, respectively. It was confirmed through the SEM image that the zeolitic materials covered the zeolite particle with a cube-shaped crystals. The Co ions adsorption by the zeolitic materials were to reach the adsorption equilibrium at 120 min. It could be better simulated in the pseudo-second order adsorption kinetic equation than in the pseudo-first order adsorption kinetic equation. The adsorption capacities (q_m) of Co ions could be to estimate Langmuir isotherm better than Freundlich isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacities (q_m) at NaOH/JVR ratios of 0.6 and 1.2 were 55.3 mg/g and 68.7 mg/g, respectively. It was found that there was a high correlation between the crystallinity of zeolitic materials and the adsorption capacity of Co ions adsorption.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.247-255
• /
• 2021

The study aims to determine the influence of intellectual capital and education on public financial services in increasing financial inclusion. This study applied a survey technique by selecting respondents according to the purposive sampling method. The number of respondents in this study was 500 people and came from various regions in Indonesia. Data analysis was performed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) techniques. The results indicate that intellectual capital has a positive effect on financial inclusion. Conversely, education about public financial services has no influence in increasing financial inclusion. The results of this study indicate that the success of financial inclusion programs in Indonesia is caused more by the role of public intellectual capital. Studies show that the public does not have the courage to be involved in banking institutions because the image of this institution tends to be inflexible in its operations. The results of this study are expected to make a real contribution, especially for the government and banks, that in order to achieve the success of the financial inclusion program in Indonesia; the related parties should educate the public directly to citizens who have not been reached by banking services continuously and with a more down to earth approach.