• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2009년도 학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.1147-1151
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• 2009

In this study, we address the problem of producing probability forecasts of summer seasonal rainfall, on the basis of Hindcast experiments from a ensemble of GCMs(cwb, gcps, gdaps, metri, msc_gem, msc_gm2, msc_gm3, msc_sef and ncep). An advanced Hierarchical Bayesian weighting scheme is developed and used to combine nine GCMs seasonal hindcast ensembles. Hindcast period is 23 years from 1981 to 2003. The simplest approach for combining GCM forecasts is to weight each model equally, and this approach is referred to as pooled ensemble. This study proposes a more complex approach which weights the models spatially and seasonally based on past model performance for rainfall. The Bayesian approach to multi-model combination of GCMs determines the relative weights of each GCM with climatology as the prior. The weights are chosen to maximize the likelihood score of the posterior probabilities. The individual GCM ensembles, simple poolings of three and six models, and the optimally combined multimodel ensemble are compared.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.55-58
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• 2012

By using EEG and HRV, subjects were estimated on their psychological and physiological reaction when reading psychrometric chart in 7 point century font, in an environmental test room in the condition of temperature 25[$^{\circ}C$], relative humidity 50[RH%], air current speed 0.02[m/sec], giving variation in illuminance to 0.1, 300, 600, 1000, 1300 and 1600[lux]. As a result, it was at 1300[lux] that absolute ${\alpha}$ wave, SMR, SDNN were most vitalized, and also both sides ${\alpha}$ wave asymmetry index, SEF50, HRT, stress and fatigue degree were at the lowest. It was found that a certain illuminance which minimizes psychological stress and fatigue degree while enhancing concentration and task achievement stably does exist.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2005년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.32 No.2 (2)
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• pp.304-306
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• 2005

많은 기업들이 소프트웨어 프로세스 개선을 위해 SPICE와 CMMI와 같은 소프트웨어 프로세스 모델 및 표준을 도입하고 있다. SPICE를 도입하고 추진하고 과정 속에서 경험은 중요한 역할을 한다. 특히 경험은 프로젝트 참여자들로 하여금 불확실한 상황에서 좀 더 나은 대안을 선택하게 해준다. 과거의 경험을 활용하기 위해서는 경험을 수집하고 분석하고 저장한 후에 활용하기 위한 시스템을 갖추어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 SPICE 경험을 국적하고 활용할 수 있는 SEF(SPICE Experience Factory) 모델을 제안한다. SPICE 심사 결과를 수집하여 루트워드를 사용하여 분석한 후 데이터베이스에 저장하여 웹기반 툴로 개발하였다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1996년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.252-255
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• 1996

Cl-based gas chemistry is generally used to etching for Al alloy metallization. After the etching of Al alloy with Cl-based gas plasma, residual chlorine on Al alloy reacts with $H_2O$ due to air exposure and results in Al corrosion. In this study, the corrosion Phenomena of Al were examined with XPS(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) and SEF(Scanning electron microscopy). It was confirmed that chlorine mainly existed at the grain boundary of Al alloy after plasma etching of Al alloy with Cl-based gas chemistry and Al corrosion was largely generated at the grain boundary of Al a1loy. And residual chlorine was passivated by sulfur and fluorine which were generated by SF$_{6}$ plasma. These effects of passivation reduced the Al corrosion due to air exposure.e.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2007

많은 센서 네트워크 응용에서, 센서 노드들은 개방된 환경에 배포되므로 노드의 암호 키 완전히 훼손하는 물리 공격에 취약하다. 위조 감지 보고서는 훼손된 노드를 통하여 네트워크에 주입될 수 있으며, 이는 거짓 경보를 울릴 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 전지로 동작하는 네트워크의 제한된 에너지 자원을 고갈시킬 수 있다. Fan Ye 등은 이에 대한 대안으로 전송과정에서 허위 보고서를 검증할 수 있는 통계적 여과 기법을 제안하였다. 이 기법에서 허위 보고서에 대한 검증이 가능한 인증키의 노출 정도인 훼손 허용도를 나타내는 분할 값은 전역 키 풀이 나눠진 구획들의 수로 소비 에너지와 서로 대치되는 관계에 있어 그 결정이 매우 중요하다. 전체 구획들의 인증키가 노출될 경우 허위 보고서를 더 이상 검증을 할 수 없고 각 구획들의 노출되지 않은 나머지 인증키들은 인증키로써의 기능도 잃게 된다. 본 논문에서는 전역 키 풀 분할에 퍼지 규칙 시스템을 사용해 다수의 구획들로 나누는 퍼지 기반의 적응형 분할 기법을 제안한다. 퍼지 로직은 훼손된 구획의 수, 노드의 밀도와 잔여 에너지양을 고려하여 분할 값을 결정한다. 이 퍼지 기반의 분할 값은 충분한 훼손 허용도를 제공하면서 에너지를 보존할 수 있다.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2007

개방된 환경에 배치된 센서 네트워크의 모든 센서 노드들은 물리적 위협에 취약하다. 공격자는 노드를 물리적으로 포획하여 데이터 인증에 사용하는 인증키와 같은 보안 정보들을 획득할 수 있다. 공격자는 포획된 노드, 즉 훼손된 노드들 통해 허위 보고서를 센서 네트워크에 쉽게 삽입시킬 수 있다. 이렇게 삽입된 허위 보고서는 사용자로 하여금 허위 경보를 유발시킬 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 전지로 동작하는 센서 네트워크의 제한된 에너지를 고갈시킨다. Fan Ye 등은 이런 위협에 대한 대안으로 전송과정에서 허위 보고서를 검증할 수 있는 통계적 여과 기법을 제안하였는데, 이 기법에서는 허위 보고서에 대한 보안성과 소비 에너지양이 서로 대치되는 관계에 있기 때문에, 허위 보고서 검증을 위한 메시지 인증 코드의 수를 나타내는 보안 경계 값의 결정은 매우 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 충분한 보안성을 제공하면서 에너지를 보존할 수 있는 보안 경계 값 결정을 위한 퍼지 규칙 시스템을 제안한다. 퍼지 로직은 노드가 훼손되지 않은 인증키를 가지고 있을 확률, 훼손된 구획의 수, 노드의 잔여 에너지를 고려하여 보안 경계 값을 결정한다. 퍼지 기반 보안 경계 값은 충분한 보안성을 제공하면서 에너지를 보존할 수 있는 보안 경계 값을 결정 할 수 있다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.750-755
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• 2007

The linear SEF (Spectral Edge Frequency) parameter and spectrum analysis method can not reflect the non-linear of EEG. This method can not contribute to acquire real time analysis and obtain a high confidence in the clinic due to low discrimination. To solve the problems, the development of a new index is carried out using the bispectrum analyzing the EEG including the non-linear characteristic. At the bispectrum analysis of the 2 dimension, the most significant's power spectrum density peaks appeared much at the specific area in awake and anesthesia state. Because many peaks are showed at the specific area in the frequency coordinate, these points are used to create the new index. Range of the index is 0-100. At the anesthesia, the index is 20-50 and at the awake, the index is 90-60. New index can discriminate the awake and anesthesia state.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.327-332
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• 2009

In this paper, new index was developed to estimate the depth of anesthesia during general anesthesia using EEG. Analysis of the power spectral density(PSD) of EEG was used to develop new parameters because EEG signal tends to have slow wave during anesthesia. Classifier for index creator was developed by using SEF, BDR and BTR parameters, which are calculated by power spectral density. EEG data were obtained from 7 patients (ASA I, II) during general anesthesia with Sevoflurane. The anesthetic depth evaluation indexes ranged from 0 to 100. The average were $86.05{\pm}10.1$, $36.98{\pm}20.2$, $15.33{\pm}13.6$, $50.87{\pm}16.5$ and $87.72{\pm}11.7$ for the states of pre-operation, induction of anesthesia, operation, awaked and post-operation, respectively. The results show that while the depth of anesthesia was evaluated, more accurate information can be provided for anesthetician.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.808-814
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• 2020

Background: Korean Red Ginseng extract (RGE) has been reported to act as an inflammasome modulator. Ginsenosides, saponin molecules of RGE, selectively inhibit activation of NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes, while non-saponin molecules of RGE upregulate inflammasome components associated with the initiation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In this study, we investigated the effect of non-saponin components of RGE on AIM2 inflammasome activation. Methods: The role of non-saponins of RGE on AIM2 inflammasomes was tested in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages, a human monocyte-like cell line, and a mouse animal model. Cells or mice were transfected with dsDNA or inoculated with Listeria monocytogenes to activate AIM2 inflammasomes. Several indices of inflammasome activation were examined via immunoblot or ELISA analysis. Results: The non-saponin fraction and saponin-eliminating fraction (SEF) of RGE selectively attenuated the activation of AIM2 inflammasomes, but not that of NLRP3 or NLRC4 inflammasomes. Fructose-arginine, an amino-sugar, was shown to be effective against AIM2 inflammasome activation. Conclusion: Non-saponins of RGE, such as fructose-arginine, might be effective in regulating infectious and autoimmune diseases resulting from AIM2 inflammasome activation.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.108-115
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• 2000

This study was designed to compare the effect of polishing on surface roughness of composite resin. We used Z100(3M) composite resin and placed the composite resin in the hole (4mm thick and 4mm in diameter) of vinyl plate and polymerized it under manufacturer's instructions. Samples were divided into 5 groups by polishing methods. Group 1 was control: resin was polymerized under glass plate, Group 2: resin was polymerized without any polishing procedure, Group 3: resin was polymerized with a polishing procedure of abrasive disc, Group 4: bonding agent was applyed in thin layer and polymerized on the polished polymerized resin surface. Group 5: resin was polymerized under transparent celluloid strip. The surface roughness of each specimen was measured with Sufacoder SEF-30D (Kosaka lab. Ltd) under 0.08mm cut off, 0.05mm/s stylus speed, ${\times}40$ horizontal magnification, ${\times}5000$ vertical magnification. The results were as follows : 1. Group 1 showed the most smooth surface in this study. 2. Group 3 showed more rough surface than Group 2. Considering the surface roughness, it would be better to make the shape completely before polymerize the resin. To finish and polish after the polymerization of resin makes less smooth surface. 3. When we use the transparent celluloid strip, minimum finishing procedures are recommended. Any polishing procedure could not recover the smooth resin surface of celluloid strip. 4. Application and polymerization of the thin layer of bonding agent on the polished surface showed the minimum surface smoothing effect.