• Title/Summary/Keyword: SCREEN TEST

Search Result 627, Processing Time 0.03 seconds

Relationship among Plasma Homocysteine, Folate, Vitamin $B_{12}$ and Nutrient Intake and Neurocognitive Function in the Elderly (노인의 혈중 호모시스테인, 엽산, 비타민 $B_{12}$ 수준 및 영양소 섭취 상태와 신경인지기능과의 관련성)

  • Kim, Hee-Jung;Kim, Hye-Sook;Kim, Ki-Nam;Kim, Ggot-Pin;Son, Jung-In;Kim, Seong-Yoon;Chang, Nam-Soo
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
    • /
    • v.44 no.6
    • /
    • pp.498-506
    • /
    • 2011
  • This study examined the relationship among plasma homocysteine, folate, and vitamin $B_{12}$ levels and neurocognitive function in 118 community-dwelling elderly subjects (mean age, $75.1{\pm}6.7$ years). The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-KC) was used to screen and assess neurocognitive function in the participants. Dietary intake data including the use of dietary supplements were obtained using the 24-hour recall method by well-trained interviewers. Plasma folate and vitamin $B_{12}$ concentrations were analyzed by radioimmunoassay, and homocysteine was assessed by a high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence method. The proportions of participants with suboptimal levels of plasma folate (< 3 ng/mL), vitamin $B_{12}$ (< 221 pmol/mL), and homocysteine (> $15{\mu}mol/L$) were 16.1%, 5.9%, and 21.2%, respectively. A multiple regression analysis showed that plasma homocysteine was negatively associated with plasma folate and vitamin $B_{12}$ levels. The MMSE-KC test scores were significantly associated with plasma homocysteine and folate, but not with vitamin $B_{12}$, after adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, living with spouse, education, current smoking, energy intake, and chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, thyroid disease, dyslipidemia, stroke, and cardiovascular disease. A general linear model adjusted for covariates revealed that MMSE-KC test scores increased from the lowest to the highest quartiles of vitamin $B_1$, vitamin $B_2$, vitamin $B_6$, vitamin $B_{12}$, and vitamin C intake (p for trend = 0.012, 0.039, 0.014, 0.046, 0.026, respectively). These results indicate that the problem of folate inadequacy and hyperhomocysteinemia are highly prevalent among community-dwelling elderly people and that dietary intake of the B vitamins and vitamin C is positively associated with cognitive function scores.

Rapid detection of aneuploidy using FISH in uncultured amniocytes for prenatal diagnosis : 8-year experience

  • Hwang, Do-Yeong;Lee, Dong-Suk;Choe, Jin;Choi, Hyeh-Sook;Min, Jeong-Yong;Lee, Soo-Min;Kim, Ki-Chul
    • Journal of Genetic Medicine
    • /
    • v.4 no.2
    • /
    • pp.190-195
    • /
    • 2007
  • Purpose : FISH is suggested as a useful tool for rapid detection of specific aneuploidy in uncultured amniocytes abnormality in interphase nucleus. In this study, we are going to share our experience using FISH in prenatal diagnosis and suggest the criteria for the diagnosis of aneuploidy by analyzing the results of FISH test. Methods : From January, 1999 to May, 2006, 8,613 tests in amniotic fluids obtained from 7,893 pregnant women were performed by using FISH for prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 21, trisomy 18 and trisomy 13. The indications of chromosome study were a screen positive for Down syndrome or Edwards syndrome in maternal serum marker screening test and an advanced maternal age (${\geq}35$ years old). Results : We have the 8,502 informative results from 8,613 tests (98.7%) which is submitted our criteria and the sensitivity is 98.2%. Conclusion : FISH on uncultured amniocytes is a rapid, clinically useful tool for prenatal diagnosis, with informative specimens being highly accurate. But the limitation of FISH is both expensive and labor-intensive.

  • PDF

Application of Paper-prototyping Method for Touch Interface Design Evaluation (터치 입력방식 디자인 평가를 위한 페이퍼 프로토타이핑 기법 적용)

  • Shin, Kyung-Jin;Lee, Tae-Il
    • 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 2009.02a
    • /
    • pp.888-894
    • /
    • 2009
  • Recently, touch screen systems with direct touch interfaces are prevailing in digital products such as MP3's, DMB's, PDA's and navigators, which give rise to new interface issues related to speed, feedback and accuracy, and consider additional considerations for solving those issues in evaluation processes. Although paper prototyping method, the one of applicable methods, is efficient ways to evaluate the touch interface, it still requires a certain amount of adaptations for touch interfaces. This study aims to identify emerged issues regarding to paper-prototyping method for the evaluation of touch interface, to come up with alternatives for applying the method. The study started with analyzing the touch interface in digital products, and suggests the 'Touch Wheel' interface based on mainly used interface. 'Touch Wheel' interface allows the user searching for her/his favorite songs by rolling 'wheel-like' menu list. The Userbility test was conducted by 24 MP3 users with 4 times, and based on such conditions as materials, making methods and evaluating process of paper prototyping for evaluating the touch interface, effective alternatives were considered in each evaluation steps. As a result, paper prototypes for evaluating the touch interface should give active operations to subjects by offering direct experience, so as to provide subjects with proper feedbacks and for designers to collect effective alternatives for expected problems in initial interface design process.

  • PDF

Isolation and Identification of Marine Bacteria with High Removal Efficiencies for Nitrogen-Phosphate In Gwangyang bay (광양만 해역에서의 고효율 질소-인 제거 해양박테리아 탐색 및 분리)

  • Lee, Gun-Sup;Moh, Sang-Hyun;Chung, Young-Jae;Kim, So-Jung;Kim, Young-Jun;Lee, Sang-Seob;Lee, Taek-Kyun
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
    • /
    • v.13 no.7
    • /
    • pp.3267-3274
    • /
    • 2012
  • 371 strains of marine bacteria were isolated from Gwangyang bay in Korea. The dominant species were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aeromonas hydrophila, P. fluorescens, P. paucimobilis, Chryseomonas luteola and P. vescularis. To screen marine bacteria capable of removing nutrients and organics, marine bacteria was inoculated in 10 mL of marine broth 2216 (DIFCO) with $NH_3-N$ (100 mg/L), ${NO_3}^{-}-N$ (100 mg/L), and ${PO_4}^{-3}-P$ (10 mg/L) with 1.0% (v/v), and incubated for 12 h. Results from the screening test, showed that the removal efficiencies for $COD_{Cr}$, ammonia niterogen, nitrate nitrogen, and phosphate were over 25% for 16 strains, 15% for 9 strains, 50% for 63 strains, and 15% for 80 strains, respectively. Aeromonas hydrophila, Chryseomonas indologenes, Pseudomonas diminuta, Vibrio parahaemolyticus were selected for nutrients removal experiments. For the batch test, 4 species of marine bacteria were inoculated in modified marine broth containing with nutrients($COD_{Cr}$ 250 mg/L, $NH_3-N$ 40 mg/L, ${NO_3}^{-}-N$ 40 mg/L, ${PO_4}^{3-}-P$ 10 mg/L, respectively), incubated for 10 hr and the removal efficiencies were measured.

Efficient Selection Method for Drought Tolerant Plants Using Osmotic Agents

  • Park, Dong-Jin;Im, Hyeon-Jeong;Jeong, Mi-Jin;Song, Hyeon-Jin;Kim, Hak-Gon;Suh, Gang-Uk;Ghimire, Balkrishna;Choi, Myung-Suk
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
    • /
    • v.34 no.3
    • /
    • pp.224-234
    • /
    • 2018
  • An efficient method to select drought tolerant Korean native plants using in vitro culture system was established in this study. While the plant growths and root inductions of each plant were proportionately affected by concentrations of mannitol on in vitro culturing seven plant species to test tolerance to osmotic stress, growth index (GI) and number of root induction of Chrysanthemi zawadskii var. latilobum and Dianthus chinensis var. semperflorens plantlets were higher than the others in 125mM mannitol. In test with polyethylene glycol (PEG), plantlets of C. zawadskii var. latilobum and D. chinensis var. semperflorens showed higher GI and number of root induction than the others in 33.3mM. On testing whether the well grown plants under osmotic stress are tolerant to virtual drought stress, there were significant differences in the withering rates of C. zawadskii var. latilobum and D. chinensis and those of were Aster yomena and Centaurea cyanus after 12 days without watering. It was found that significantly lower stomata numbers were shown in both drought tolerant plants than the sensitive plants. Averages of the stomata circumferences and the stomata area in the plantlets of the tolerant species were larger than those of the sensitive plants D. chinensis var. semperflorens showed the lowest transpiration level per unit area. The highest stomatal area per unit area was found in C. zawadskii, followed by D. chinensis var. semperflorens, Aster yomena and C. cyanus. In conclusion, C. zawadskii var. latilobum and D. chinensis var. semperflorens were more tolerant to drought than other two species. Furthermore in vitro selection was successfully used to screen drought tolerance species of native plant species.

Assessment of In Vitro Assay System for Thyroid Hormone Disruptors Using Rat Pituitary GH3 Cells

  • Kim, Hee-Jin;Park, Hae-Young;Kim, Jeong-A;Kang, Il-Hyun;Kim, Tae-Sung;Han, Soon-Young;Kang, Tae-Seok;Park, Kui-Lea;Kim, Hyung-Sik
    • Toxicological Research
    • /
    • v.22 no.4
    • /
    • pp.307-313
    • /
    • 2006
  • The development of in vitro assays has been recommended to screening and testing the potential endocrine disruptors (EDs). These assay systems focus only on identifying the estrogenic or antiestrogenic activity of EDs, whereas a few studies have been carried out to screen the thyroid hormone (TH) disruptors. The aim of this study was to evaluate a test system to detect TH disruptors using rat pituitary tumor $GH_3$ cells. The test system is based on the TH-dependent increase in growth rate. As expected, L-3,5,3-triiodothyronine ($(T_3)$ markedly induced a morphological change in $GH_3$ cells from flattened fibroblastic types to rounded or spindle-shaped types. $T_3$ stimulated $GH_3$ cell growth in a dose-dependent manner with the maximum growth-stimulating effect being observed at a concentration $1{\times}10^9M$. In addition, $T_3$ increased the release of growth hormone and prolactin into the medium of the $GH_3$ cells culture. Using this assay system, the TH-disrupting activities of bisphenol A (BPA) and its related compounds were examined. BPA, dimethy/bisphenol A (DMBPA), and TCI-EP significantly enhanced the growth of $GH_3$ cells in the range of $1{\times}10^{-5}M\;to\;1{\times}10^{-6}M$ concentrations. In conclusion, this in vitro assay system might be useful for identifying potential TH disruptors. However, this method will require further evaluation and standardization before it can be used as a broad-based screening tool.

Land Cover Object-oriented Base Classification Using Digital Aerial Photo Image (디지털항공사진영상을 이용한 객체기반 토지피복분류)

  • Lee, Hyun-Jik;Lu, Ji-Ho;Kim, Sang-Youn
    • Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
    • /
    • v.19 no.1
    • /
    • pp.105-113
    • /
    • 2011
  • Since existing thematic maps have been made with medium- to low-resolution satellite images, they have several shortcomings including low positional accuracy and low precision of presented thematic information. Digital aerial photo image taken recently can express panchromatic and color bands as well as NIR (Near Infrared) bands which can be used in interpreting forest areas. High resolution images are also available, so it would be possible to conduct precision land cover classification. In this context, this paper implemented object-based land cover classification by using digital aerial photos with 0.12m GSD (Ground Sample Distance) resolution and IKONOS satellite images with 1m GSD resolution, both of which were taken on the same area, and also executed qualitative analysis with ortho images and existing land cover maps to check the possibility of object-based land cover classification using digital aerial photos and to present usability of digital aerial photos. Also, the accuracy of such classification was analyzed by generating TTA(Training and Test Area) masks and also analyzed their accuracy through comparison of classified areas using screen digitizing. The result showed that it was possible to make a land cover map with digital aerial photos, which allows more detailed classification compared to satellite images.

Evaluation of the Balance Ability for 20 to 29 Years Old on the Unstable Platform (불안정 발판(Unstable Platform)에서 20대 연령의 균형능력 평가)

  • Kwon, Oh-Yun;Choi, Houng-Sik
    • Physical Therapy Korea
    • /
    • v.3 no.3
    • /
    • pp.1-11
    • /
    • 1996
  • The purpose of this study were to evaluate and compare the balance ability at different conditions in normal 20 to 29 years old on unstable platform, KAT 2000(Breg, Inc., Vista, CA. 1994). Static and dynamic BI(balance index) were measured 3psi and 5psi surface conditions. Static tests were done on right and left leg separately, then both legs together with the feet apart 20cm with the eyes opened and closed. Dynamic tests were done on both legs together with apart 20cm with the eyes opened. A dynamic test was performed in which the subject moved platform in a circular manner to chase a moving object on a computer screen. Seventy healthy students(average 21.6 years, male, female) were tested. In this study applied the paired t-test and correlation to determine the statistical significance of result. The results were as follow: 1) The mean static balance index of the Rt leg was $119.9{\pm}75.72$ on 3psi surface condition with the eyes opened, and that of the Lt leg was $224.3{\pm}121.16$. 2) The mean static balance index of the Rt leg was $93.1{\pm}24.16$ on 5psi surface condition with the eyes opened, and that of the Lt leg was $180.5{\pm}61.76$. 3) The mean static and dynamic balance index of both legs were $76.4{\pm}31.86$, $2187.6{\pm}696.99$ on 3psi with the eyes opened, and $68.3{\pm}14.82$, $1938.7{\pm}525.41$ on 5psi respectively. 4) The mean static balance index of the Rt leg was $517.8{\pm}220.87$ on 3psi surface condition with the eyes closed, and that of the Lt leg was $588.6{\pm}204.81$. 5) The mean static balance index of the Rt leg was $271.9{\pm}192.151$ on 5psi surface condition with the eyes closed, and that of the Lt leg was $363.4{\pm}98.97$. 6) The mean static balance index of both legs was $332.6{\pm}137.31$ on 3psi surface condition with the eyes closed, and that of the 5psi was $288.5{\pm}133.07$. 7) The balance index on 3psi surface condition was significantly higher than that of 5psi (p<0.05, p<0.01). 8) The balance index with the eyes closed was significantly higher than that of the eyes opened (p<0.05). 9) The balance index on the left leg was significantly higher than that of the right leg (p<0.05, p<0.01). 10) There was no correlation between static balance index and dynamic balance index. 11) Therewas no correlation between weight or height and balance index.

  • PDF

An ELISA-on-a-Chip Biosensor System for Early Screening of Listeria monocytogenes in Contaminated Food Products

  • Seo, Sung-Min;Cho, Il-Hoon;Kim, Joo-Ho;Jeon, Jin-Woo;Oh, Eun-Gyoung;Yu, Hong-Sik;Shin, Soon-Bum;Lee, Hee-Jung;Paek, Se-Hwan
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • v.30 no.12
    • /
    • pp.2993-2998
    • /
    • 2009
  • An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-on-a-chip (EOC) biosensor combined with cell concentration technology based on immuno-magnetic separation (IMS) was investigated for use as a potential tool for early screening of Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) in food products. The target analyte is a well-known pathogenic foodborne microorganism and outbreaks of the food poisoning typically occur due to contamination of normal food products. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop a rapid and reliable sensor that could be utilized on a daily basis to test food products for the presence of this pathogenic microorganism. The sensor was optimized to provide a high detection capability (e.g., 5.9 ${\times}\;10^3$ cells/mL) and, to eventually minimize cultivation time. The cell density was condensed using IMS prior to analysis. Since the concentration rate of IMS was greater than 100-fold, this combination resulted in a detection limit of 54 cells/mL. The EOC-IMS coupled analytical system was then applied to a real sample test of fish intestines. The system was able to detect L. monocytogenes at a concentration of 2.4 CFU/g after pre-enrichment for 6 h from the onset of cell cultivation. This may allow us to monitor the target analyte at a concentration less than 1 CFU/g within a 9 h-cultivation provided a doubling time of 40 min is typically maintained. Based on this estimation, the EOC-IMS system can screen and detect the presence of this microorganism in food products almost within working hours.

Development of Parental Screening Questionnaire for Hidden Youth (부모 작성용 은둔형 외톨이 선별 도구 개발)

  • Baek, Hyung-Tae;Kim, Boong-Nyun;Shin, Min-Sup;Ahn, Dong-Hyun;Lee, Young-Sik
    • Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
    • /
    • v.22 no.4
    • /
    • pp.262-270
    • /
    • 2011
  • Objectives : The definition of a hidden youth is a young person who has completely withdrawn from society and shut himself or herself away for more than 3 months. Those pathologically-withdrawn youths have become a burden not only to society but also to the family. However, screening of these hidden youths cannot be done easily. This study focused on developing a primary effective screening tool for these hidden youths. Methods : The 42 participants of this study were parents of hidden youths that are between 8 to 25 years old. They were selected from from mental health centers and psychiatric clinics around Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. We also recruited 239 parents of middle and high school students in the Seoul metropolitan area for a control group. In order to decide the concurrent validity of this questionnaire, we used the Symptom Checklist-90-Revision, Children's Depression Inventory, Beck Depression Inven-tory, Social Anxiety Scale for Children-Revised, Social Anxiety and Distress Scale, Avoidant Personality Disorder Scale, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children. SPSS version 12.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results : Cronbach's alpha values, the reliability coefficient to represent internal consistency, were between 0.396 and 0.935, which showed relatively high internal consistency for this questionnaire. The test-retest coefficient was between 0.68 and 0.78, which was a statistically significant result. In a factor analysis, 4 factors such as avoidance, withdrawal, isolation, and apathy were extracted. In a concurrent validity test with SCL-90-R, the isolation factor showed a statistically-significant relationship with a phobic-anxiety sub-scale, and avoidance and withdrawal sub-scales were remarkably correlated with the interpersonal sensitivity sub-scale. Conclusion : Since the questionnaire for socially withdrawn youths has achieved statistically-satisfactory reliability and validity, it will be a useful method to screen for hidden youths in educational, community, and clinical settings.