• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.245-251
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• 1987

Soybean cultivars were inoculated with mixtures of races 3 and 4 of the soybean cyst nematode(SCN), Heterodera glycines Ichinohe. On a susceptible soybean cultivar Lee, the relative female maturation of the race mixture was not significantly different when compared with the maturation potentials for each of the two races alone. However, female maturation was significantly lower for the mixture than' for race 4 alone on the soybean cultivas Pickett and Mack which are susceptible to only race 4. Selection of SCN populations consisting of race 3 and race 4 resulted in a decrease in race 4 on soybean cultivars Lee and Bragg which are susceptible to all SCN races and an increase in race 4 on soybean cultivars Pickett and Peking which are susceptible to only race 4. A significant reduction of race 4 was also observed on Lee with most mixtures of race' 3 and race' 4 combined in several ratios, suggesting that race 3 was more competitive than race 4 on the susceptible soybean.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2013

Thirteen soybean cyst nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines) populations collected in Korea were examined in their HG type by their reproductivity on 7 Plant Introduction indicators for the identification of HG type. Six HG types were identified, HG type 0, 2, 5, 2.5, 1.2.7, and 2.5.7. HG type 2.5 was the most frequent (4 samples, 30.8%), followed by HG type 2.5.7 (3 samples, 23.0%). About 76.9% of SCN populations were reproduced on PI 88788, followed by PI 209332 (61.5%), PI 548316 ('Cloud') (30.8%), and PI 548402 ('Peking') (7.7%). No population could reproduce on PI 90763, PI 437654, thus, they could be used for resistant source for developing SCN resistant soybean in Korea.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.231-236
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• 1995

Effects of sodium salts of various monovalent inorganic anions on transdermal permeation of salicylic acid were investigated. In in-vitro experiment using a Franz-type diffusion cell and excisicylic acid were investigated. In-vitro experiment using a Franze-type diffusion cell and excised mouse skin, the permeation-enhancing activities of the sodium salts of inoraganic anions were rougly proportional to lyotropic Hofmeister serlling abilities of the anions l F/sup -/

• Resources Recycling
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2022

The smelting reduction of spent lithium-ion batteries results in metallic alloys of cobalt, nickel, and copper. To develop a process to separate the metallic alloys, leaching of the metallic mixtures of these three metals with H₂SO₄ solution containing 3% H₂O₂ dissolved all the cobalt and nickel, together with 9.6% of the copper. Cyanex 301 selectively extracted Cu(II) from the leaching solution, and copper ions were completely stripped with 30% aqua regia. Selective extraction of Co(II) from a Cu(II)-free raffinate was possible using the ionic liquid ALi-SCN. Three-stage cross-current stripping of the loaded ALi-SCN by a 15% NH₃ solution resulted in the complete stripping of Co(II). A process was proposed to separate the three metal ions from the sulfuric acid leaching solutions of metallic mixtures by employing solvent extraction.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.517-524
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• 2011

The effect on sow milk of variable levels of cassava in lactating sow diets was analyzed in an attempt to explain the beneficial effects reported by producers of including cassava as a basal feed. Twenty crossbred lactating sows were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments. The treatments were: i) broken rice (BR) as the basal feed (BR100), ii) 50% of BR replaced with cassava chip meal (CCM) (CM50), iii) 75% of BR replaced with CCM (CM75), iv) CCM as the basal feed (CM100), and v) dried boiled cassava chips (CCB) as the basal feed (CB100). The hydrocyanide (HCN) content of CCB was reduced to be intermediate between HCN in the no cassava (BR100) and the 50% cassava (CB50) diets. Hydrocyanide was 0.54, 3.24, 4.41, 5.43 and 1.77 ppm in the BR100, CM50, CM75, CM100 and CB100 diets, respectively. Increasing cassava did not affect feed intake (p>0.05), but increased HCN intake (p<0.01). Milk composition was analyzed for protein, fat, lactose, solids not fat (SNF) and total solids (TS). Milk quality was analyzed for total microbes, coliform bacteria, thiocyanate ($SCN^-$), lactoperoxidase (LPO), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. At farrowing, sow milk composition was not affected by experimental diets (p>0.05), but milk $SCN^-$ increased as the intake of HCN increased in sows diets (p<0.01), $r^2$ = 0.96. At mid-lactation (day 14), milk composition was not affected (p>0.05). The milk quality levels of $SCN^-$ were 9.4, 10.3, 10.5, 11.6 and 9.1 ppm for the BR100, CM50, CM75, CM100 and CB100 diets, respectively (p = 0.01). The LPO contents were 16.41, 42.13, 51.42, 53.94 and 22.81 unit/L, respectively (p = 0.03). There was no GPx activity found in sow milk. When BR was replaced with cassava meal, total microbes and coliforms were reduced 78% and 87%, respectively, by the influences of HCN. The reported beneficial effects of cassava chip meal as a basal feed in lactating sow diets is manifested by improved performance of suckling pigs. This is due to beneficial, non-toxic levels of HCN in the diets. Besides passing HCN to suckling pigs in the form of $SCN^-$, sow milk may also benefit suckling pigs with the observed (day 14) increase in lactoperoxidase content and reduction in coliform bacteria.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.55-63
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• 2020

In order to investigate the separation of Co(II) and Ni(II) by ionic liquids from weak hydrochloric acid solutions, extraction experiments were performed by changing the type and concentration of ionic liquids and the initial pH of the aqueous phase. Two kinds of ionic liquids based on Aliquat 336 were employed in this work; one was synthesized by reacting organophosphorus acids(D2EHPA, PC88A, Cyanex 272, Cyanex 301) with Aliquat 336 and the other was prepared by exchanging the chloride ion of Aliquat 336 with SCN^-. The three types of ionic liquids (ALi-D2, ALi-PC, and ALi-CY272) showed better extraction of Co(II) than Ni(II), and the equilibrium pH was higher than the initial pH. In the case of ALi-CY301, the selectivity of Co(II) and Ni(II) depended on the extraction conditions. In addition, the effect of the addition of TBP to the ionic liquid on the extraction of two metals was also investigated. Employment of ALi-SCN as an extractant resulted in selective extraction of Co(II) and complete separation of the two metal ions was possible.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.1734-1740
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• 2012

Voltammetric characterization of hydrophilic anion transfer processes across a 66 microhole array interface between the water and polyvinylchloride-2-nitrophenyloctylether gel layer is demonstrated. Since the transfer of hydrophilic anions including $Br^-$, $NO_3{^-}$, $I^-$, $SCN^-$ and $ClO_4{^-}$ across the liquid/gel interface usually sets the potential window within a negative potential region, a highly hydrophobic organic electrolyte, tetraoctylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, providing a wider potential window was incorporated into the gel phase. The transfer reaction of perchlorate anions across the microhole-water/gel interface was first studied using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The full voltammetric response of perchlorate anion transfer was then used as a reference for evaluating the half-wave transfer potentials, the formal transfer potentials and the formal Gibbs transfer energies of more hydrophilic anions such as $Br^-$, $NO_3{^-}$, $I^-$, and $SCN^-$. The current response associated with the perchlorate anion transfer across the micro-water/gel interface versus the perchlorate concentration was also demonstrated for sensing applications.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2012

Many mammals in temperate zones are affected by the distinctive changes of the four seasons in these zones. Their reproductive status is active in the summer climate and inactive during severe winter weather. The golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) is seasonal breeding animal whose sexual activities are regulated by photoperoidism. The reproduction and metabolism are activated by long summer days (LD) and inhibited by short winter days (SD). After several months of SD, animals become refractory to this inhibitory photoperiod and spontaneously revert to LD-like physiology. The suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) house the primary circadian oscillator in mammals. Seasonal changes in the photic input to this structure control many annual physiological rhythms via SCN-regulated pineal melatonin secretion, which provides an internal endocrine signal representing photoperiod. The aim of this study was to assess the variation in the morphology of the testis in relation to the natural photoperiod in male golden hamsters. The hamsters were castrated at different weeks (2, 5, 8, and 15). The cell numbers of tubules with spermatogonia (SG), spermatocyte (SC), spermatids (ST), and spermatozoa (SZ) were recorded in each sample. The results showed that testicular regression of golden hamsters occurred in the SD-treated animals. The present investigation determines that the effects of the photoperiod on the reproduction of male golden hamsters. It was also found that the circadian period increases the rate of reproductive inhibition in animals exposed to inhibitory photoperiods.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.207-211
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• 2001

The crystal structure of the title complex, Cd(SCN)₂{CH/sub 6/H/sub 10/(NH₂)₂}₂(1) has been analyzed by X-ray single crystallography. The complex 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system P2₁/ space group with a=11.842(2), b=7.926(2), c=11.291(2) Å, β=106.73(3)°V=1014.8(4)Ų, Z=2, R₁=0.0518 and ωR₂=0.1315 for 1775 independent reflections. The central Cd(II) atom of this com-plex has a slightly distorted octahedral coordination geometry, with the 1,2-Diaminocyclohexane ligands functioning as an N,N'-bidentate and the thiocyanate ligands bonding through the sulfur atom in a trans arrangement.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.243-247
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• 1999

After aconitine-type alkaloids have been isolated from the crude drug "Buza" as the precipitate, they could be identified with colour test, UV/Vis. absorption wavelength, TLC. The presence of aconitine-type alkaloids are confirmed by the reaction with the Reineke ion, $[Cr(NH_3)_2(SCN)_4]^{1+}$, and TCR ion, $[Co(SCN)4]^{2-}$, to produce the white precipitate or one of the containing from blue to yellowish blue. It is based on the formation of complex compounds by aconitine-type alkaloids with Reineke and TCR reagent. The method has been found to be simple, convenient and suitable for routine identification of aconitine-type alkaloids, related basic compounds, the crude drug "Buza" processed from the roots of certain Aconitum spp. plants(Ranunculaceae).