• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.537-544
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• 2018

In this study, a simple, efficient, user-based program called SCAR was developed for evaluating the sliding and collapse of artificial reefs due to hydrodynamic forces in ocean environments. SCAR was developed by applying Delphi code and a Graphical User Interface (GUI) based on the Morison formula for evaluating and analyzing the stability of artificial reefs. SCAR can be applied widely for design and stability evaluation of fishery structures (such as artificial reefs or other underwater structures) in undergraduate and graduate courses and by experts in the field.

• Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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• v.67
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• pp.469-477
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• 2018

We describe surgical sutures enabled with the local, sustained delivery of a TGF-${\beta}$ inhibitory drug, tranilast. To fabricate drug-delivery sutures, we separately prepared a tranilast-loaded strand using poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid), which was then physically braided with a surgical suture already in clinical use. By this method, the drug-delivery sutures maintained the mechanical strength and allowed the modulation of drug release profiles by simply altering the tranilast-loaded strand. The drug-delivery sutures herein released tranilast for up to 14 days. When applied to animal models, scarring was indeed reduced with diminished TGF-${\beta}$ expression and fibroblast numbers during the entire 21 day testing period.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.756-763
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• 2013

Mechanical hair removal of carrot seed causes seed injuries and suppresses the germination in carrot cultivation. This study was performed to develop molecular markers for breeding high quality cultivars with short-hair seed. To meet this objective, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers specifically linked to seed-hair characteristic were identified using CT-SMR 616 OP 389-1 line with short-haired seed and CT-SMR 616 OP 616-33 line with long-haired seed, bred by self-pollination for 6 years from 2008 to 2013, as parents. After seed hair lengths of these lines were analyzed using microscope, next generations were advanced and compared with the molecular markers polymorphism. From RAPD analysis using fixed lines in 2011, twelve RAPD primers showing polymorphic bands specific between the two lines were identified from 80 random primers. To develop RAPD-SACR marker, SCAR primers were designed based on sequence analysis of these specific RAPD bands and more than three combinations of primers were tested. As a result, it was found that the $SCA2_{1.2}$ amplified single polymorphic band from short-haired seed line. To confirm this result, $SCA2_{1.2}$ marker was retested by applying to the 2012 and 2013 progenies. Finally, it was concluded that the developed $SCA2_{1.2}$ marker distinguished short-haired line from long-haired seed line. Therefore, SCAR marker, $SCA2_{1.2}$ is expected to be utilized for breeding of the short-haired seed cultivars.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.36-45
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• 2006

Twenty isolates of Didymella bryoniae were isolated from infected cucurbit plants in various growing areas of southern Korea in 2001 and 2002. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) group [RG] I of D. bryoniae was more virulent than RG IV to watermelon. Virulence of the RG I isolate was strong to moderate to cucumber, whereas that of the RG IV varied from strong, moderate to weak. Two hundred seventy-three amplified fragments were produced with 40 primers, and were analyzed by a cluster analysis using UPGMA method with an arithmetic average program of NTSYSPC. At the distance level of 0.7, two major genomic DNA RAPD groups were differentiated among 20 isolates. The RG I included 7 isolates from watermelon and one isolate from melon, whereas the RG IV included 12 isolates from squash, cucumber, watermelon and melon. Amplification of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and small subunit rRNA region from the 20 isolates yielded respectively a single fragment. Restriction pattern with 12 restriction enzymes was identical for all isolates tested, suggesting that variation in the ITS and small subunit within the D. bryoniae were low. Amplification of the genomic DNAs of the tested isolates with the sequence characterized amplified regions (SCAR) primer RG IF-RG IR specific for RG I group resulted in a single band of 650bp fragment for 8 isolates out of the 20 isolates. Therefore, these 8 isolates could be assigned into RG I. The same experiments done with RG IIF-RG IIR resulted in no amplified PCR product for the 20 isolates tested. An about 1.4 kb-fragment amplified from the RG IV isolates was specifically hybridized with PCR fragments amplified from genomic DNAs of the RG IV isolates only, suggesting that this PCR product could be used for discriminating the RG IV isolates from the RG I isolates as well other fungal species.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.397-399
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• 2003

전세계적으로 연안환경에서의 중금속 오염을 모니터링 하는 데에는 Mussel Watch Program을 중심으로 담치류(mussel)와 굴(oyster) 등이 지표종(indicator species)으로 널리 사용되어 왔다(O'Conner et al.,1994). 그러나 남극에는 이 두종이 서식하고 있지 않으며, 현재까지 연구에 따르면 남극큰띠조개와 남극가리비(Adamussium cozbecki)가 담치류에 상응하는 유용한 생물지표종으로 사용될 수 있다고 알려져 있다(안 등, 1996, 2001 ; SCAR, 1996 ; Nigro et al., 1992). (중략)

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.223-225
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• 2015

The closure of any circular or asymmetric wound can result in puckering or an excess of tissue known as a 'dog ear'. Understanding the mechanism of dog ear formation is a fundamental requirement necessary to facilitate an appropriate treatment. Many solutions have been reported in the literature, but in all cases, the correction entails the extension of the scar and the sacrifice of the dermal plexus. Here, we propose a novel technique of dog ear correction by using a three-bite suture that sequentially pierces the deep fascial plane and each dog ear's margin, thus allowing for flattening the dog ear by anchoring the over-projecting tissue to the deep plane. The three-bite technique proved to be a fast, easy, and versatile method of immediate dog ear correction without extending the scar, while maintaining a full and complete local skin blood supply.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.166-171
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• 2022

Background and Objectives Vocal fold (VF) scar is known to be the most common cause of dysphonia after laryngeal microsurgery (LMS). Steroids reduce postoperative scar formation by inhibiting inflammation and collagen deposition. However, the clinical evidence of whether steroids are helpful in reducing VF scar formation after LMS is still lacking. The purpose of this study is to determine whether intralesional VF steroid injection after LMS helps to reduce postoperative scar formation and voice quality. Materials and Method This study was conducted on 80 patients who underwent LMS for VF polyp, Reinke's edema, and leukoplakia. Among them, 40 patients who underwent VF steroid injection after LMS were set as the injection group, and patients who had similar sex, age, and lesion size and who underwent LMS alone were set as the control group. In each group, stroboscopy, multi-dimensional voice program, Aerophone II, and voice handicap index (VHI) were performed before and 1 month after surgery, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results There were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of sex, age, symptom duration, occupation and smoking status between each group. Both groups consisted of VF polyp (n=21), Reinke's edema (n=11), and leukoplakia (n=9). On stroboscopy, the lesion disappeared after surgery, and the amplitude and mucosal wave were symmetrical on both sides of the VFs in all patients. Acoustic parameters and VHI significantly improved after surgery in all patients. However, there was no significant difference between the injection and control group in most of the results. Conclusion There was no significant difference in the results of stroboscopy, acoustic, aerodynamic, and subjective evaluation before and after surgery in the injection group and the control group.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.93-102
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• 2016

Objective : This study performed to evaluate that duration of acne scars effects on Qualitative Global Acne Scarring Grading System(QGASC) grade changing and treatment duration. Also this study performed to evaluate the relationship between dysmenorrhea and acne scars, and the effects of each treatment on treatment duration and Korean Acne Grading System(KAGS) and QGASC grade.Methods : 95 patients with acne scars were understood by medical records and case photos, and we evaluated pre and post acne scar grade based on KAGS and QGASC. We analyzed data by SPSS 22 for windows program, and figured out the relation between duration of acne and QGASC grade and treatment duration by Spearman correlation analysis, and performed Mann-Whitney U-test to figure out the relation between dysmenorrhea and QGASC grade. We performed Wilcoxon test to evaluate that treatment of acne scars effects on KAGS grade and QGASC grade, and performed Kruskal-Wallis test to figure out the difference of each treatment which effects on KAGS grade and QGASC grade, and performed Post-hoc analysis to figure out the group comparison.Results & Conclusions : QGASC grade depending on duration of acne was statistically significance. Subcision and Microneedle Therapy System(MTS) and pharmacopuncture were significantly improved acne scars. Other treatments were significantly more effective than subcision and pharmacopuncture combined treatment. Treatment duration of Subcision and MTS combined treatment was significantly most shortest than other treatment.

• Mycobiology
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.200-206
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• 2019

Allelic differences in A and B mating-type loci are a prerequisite for the progression of mating in the genus Pleurotus eryngii; thus, the crossing is hampered by this biological barrier in inbreeding. Molecular markers linked to mating types of P. eryngii KNR2312 were investigated with randomly amplified polymorphic DNA to enhance crossing efficiency. An A4-linked sequence was identified and used to find the adjacent genomic region with the entire motif of the A locus from a contig sequenced by PacBio. The sequence-characterized amplified region marker $7-2_{299}$ distinguished A4 mating-type monokaryons from KNR2312 and other strains. A BLAST search of flanked sequences revealed that the A4 locus had a general feature consisting of the putative HD1 and HD2 genes. Both putative HD transcription factors contain a homeodomain sequence and a nuclear localization sequence; however, valid dimerization motifs were found only in the HD1 protein. The ACAAT motif, which was reported to have relevance to sex determination, was found in the intergenic region. The SCAR marker could be applicable in the classification of mating types in the P. eryngii breeding program, and the A4 locus could be the basis for a multi-allele detection marker.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.131-137
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• 2010

Recently, many domestic golf course have showed interest in introducing new cultivars into existing putting greens without reconstruction. But, any report and survey method for interseeding substitute ratio haven't been published. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness for interseeding by investigating how many interseeding plants were introduced into existing putting green by using molecular biologic tool. The Woo Jung Hills Country Club was one time introduced penn A4 into penncross putting green. The Lake Side Country Club was three times introduced CY-2 into penncross putting green. The interseeding substitute ratio using SCAR markers was 20% in the Woo Jung Hills Country Club and 35.5% in Lake Side Country Club. The interseeding putting green in Lake Side Country Club was investigated to three site, strong pressure, middle pressure and weak pressure. These substitute ratios were strong pressure 27.1%, middle pressure 37.3%, and weak pressure 47.2%. The data indicated that an interseeding substitute ratio was more increased three times than one time to introducing new cultivar into existing putting green. A long-term program should be made in order to exchange existing cultivar in putting green without reconstruction.