• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.733-740
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• 2007

Objective : This study investigated the relationship between warning signs and Sasang constitution (SC) in acute stroke patients. Methods : From October in 2005 to March in 2007, 629 acute stroke patients were studied. Patients were hospitalized within 14 days after the onset ofstroke at one of 3 oriental medical hospitals in Seoul and Kyong-gi province. We assessed the type of SC of acute stroke patients by Questionnaire for Sasang Constitution Classification II (QSCC II). We investigated warning signs (motor weakness, blindness, dysarthria, sensory disturbance, finger dullness, facial & eyelid spasm, neck stiffness), general characteristics, etc. Results : This study showed a higher proportion of Tae-eum & So-eum experience upper extremity sensory disturbance but So-yangexperience lower extremity sensory disturbance. Smoker So-eumexperience 1st & 2nd finger dullness more than non-smoker So-eum. So-eum women experience motor weakness more than So-eum men. Conclusion : Besides these results, we could observe almost no relationship between warning signs and Sasang constitution (SC) in acute stroke patients. More data from prospective cohort studies will help people better understand the relationship between warning signs and Sasang constitution (SC) in acute stroke patients.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2012

1. Objectives Sasang constitutional medicine is unique in Korean traditional medicine. It diagnoses and treats patients based on his/her Sasang constitution (SC). Skin properties have been used as an effective diagnostic component in the classification of SC types in clinics. In this paper, we investigated the SC-based health relevance of skin elasticity and wrinkle properties. 2. Methods The skin elasticity and wrinkle of forearm and dorsal hand were measured in 299 elderly female subjects. To determine the subject's Sasang constitution, we adopted the classification results from a newly developed SC diagnostic tool. The health states of the subjects were scored by two Korean traditional medical doctors, by whom each subject was categorized either into the healthy state or the unhealthy state. 3. Results As a result, the elasticity hysteresis of forearm (E_HYS), the visco-elasticity (VE_MEAN), and the wrinkle frequency energy of backhand (W_HAND) showed significant differences between Taeum-in group and Soeum-in group. In case of the Soeum-in on unhealthy state, VE_MEAN was decreased significantly (p<.05). W_HAND and W_ARM_H of the healthy Taeum-in were less than those of the unhealthy Taem-in. 4. Conclusions In this study we showed that, for an elderly female population, skin elasticity and viscosity were significantly different not only between each SC type but also between healthy group and unhealthy group in each constitution. In particular, Soeum-in subjects were inferred to be superior in retaining skin softness when they were healthy, and Taeum-in subjects were easy to lose their firmness of skin surface when they became unhealthy.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.118-129
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• 2006

Objectives : A human being is classified into 4 constitutions(Taeyangin, Soyangin, Taeumin, and Souemin) and each constitution has the different incidence, treatment and prevention of disease in Sasang Constutional Medicine[SCM], The purpose of this study is to find relative risk(RR)s of each risk factors including Sasang Constitution[SC] for incidence of ischemic stroke. Methods : In 344-case patients with ischemic stroke and 1446 healthy control subjects without ischemic stroke, we evaluated sex, age. height, weight, BMI, ECG abnormality, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, blood lipid level and SC. These data were statistically analysed to investigate the relations between risk factors and the incidence of ischemic stroke by chi-square test. And then significant factors were analysed to get each adjusted odds ratio[OR] by binary logistic regression analysis. Results : ECG abnormality, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, HDL(high density lipoprotein) cholesterol, and SC were significantly related to the incidence of ischemic stroke, while age, sex and BMI were adjusted in a binary logistic regression analysis. Especially in SC, the incidence of ischemic stoke in Tae-eumin and Soyangin were higher than that in Soeumin (Tae-eumin OR=11.68[95% CI: 6.26-21.80], Soyangin OR=4.64[95% CI: 2.66-8.10]). Conclusions : These results suggested that SC may be one of important risk factors for ischemic stroke and it should be a useful data for prediction of incidence of ischemic stroke.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.366-366
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• 2017

There are about 2 genera and 49 species of Schisandraceae all over the world which grow 2 genera and 5 species in korea. As'Schisandra'genus, S. chinensis, S. repanda, S. nigra and S. viridicarpa are distributed. As 'Kadsura' genus, there is K. japonica species. Although S. chinensis is often used for food and herbal medicine, 'Cheongsoon'is the only cultivar in korea. Therefore cultivar breeding is required for standardized production of Schisandra chinensis. To select superior lines, characteristics of collected varieties was investigated. These collections were from all the country including Mungyeong, Muju and Jangsu. In the case of 'Schisandra chinensis', analysis of chemical compound is very important. Because in 'Korean Pharmacopoeia', Schisandrin has to contain more than 0.7% of sum of Shizandrin, Gomisin A, Gomisin N as standard compound. According to the investigation, the weight of SC-154 was the highest one that was 99g of fresh fruit and 60g of dried fruit in the 100 granulas of it. As the control group, the weight of cultivar 'Cheongsoon'was 57g of fresh fruit and 40g of dried fruit. The chemical compounds such as Shizandrin A, Gomisin A, Gomisin N and Shizandrin C from the collections were analyzed by HPLC. As a result, all average of total content was 1.67% satisfied with the standard that is over 0.7%. Among them, SC-13, SC-22, SC-40 and SC-45 had more than 2.0% of compound. In this case, the content of Gomisin N was relatively higher than that of the other collections. It can be used for high content compound breeding. This above results indicate that these findings could be used for breeding superior Schisandra chinensis through selection of high quality resource.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.571-578
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• 2007

A monoclonal antibody (mab) against the antimicrobial sulfamethazine was prepared and characterized by an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IC-ELISA). Sulfamethazine in the range of 0.2 and 45ng/ml could be determined with the mab by IC-ELISA. cDNAs encoding a variable heavy chain and variable light chain of the mab were cloned to produce recombinant antibodies using phage display technology. Following phage rescue and three rounds of panning, a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody with high sulfamethazine-binding affinity was obtained. ELISA analysis revealed that scFv antibody and parent mab showed similar, but not identical, characteristics. The $IC_{50}$ value by IC-ELISA with scFv antibody was 4.8ng/ml, compared with 1.6ng/ml with the parent mab. Performances of the assays in the presence of milk matrix were compared; the mab-based assay was less affected than the scFv-based assay. Sixty milk samples were analyzed by mab-based IC-ELISA, and four samples were sulfamethazine positive; these results were favorably correlated with those obtained by HPLC.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.347-355
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• 2020

Cognitive impairment is considered to be key research topics in the field of neurodegenerative diseases and in understanding of learning and memory. In the present study, we investigated neuroprotective effects of Schisandra chinensis (SC) and Ribes fasciculatum (RF) extracts in hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal cell death in vitro and scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in Sprague Dawley^® (SD) rat in vivo. Apoptotic cell death in neuroblastic PC12 cell line was induced by hydrogen peroxide for 1 hour at 100 μM. However, mixture of SC and RF treatment prevented peroxide induced PC12 cell death with no neurotoxic effects. For in vivo experiment, the effect of SC and RF extracts on scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in SD rat was evaluated by spontaneous alternation behavior in Y-Maze test. After 30 min scopolamine injection, the scopolamine-induced rats presented significantly decreased % spontaneous alteration and acetylcholine level, compared to non-induced group. However, treatment of SC+RF extracts rescued the reduced % spontaneous alteration with acetylcholine concentration from hippocampus in scopolamine-induced rats. These results suggested that mixture of SC and RF extract may be a potential natural therapeutic agent for the prevention of cognitive impairment.

• 농촌계획
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.36-49
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• 1997

The drastic change of mountain community, which have led existing villages to a size reduction or an extinction, makes this study concentrate on finding out the new community unit as a spatial zone of dayily life and agricultural production. The communality which has played a key role in a aura settlement consistency has been focused on the socio-economic aspect till now, neglecting the spatia] nature. The settlement-communality( SC) putting a stress on the spatial aspect can be, therefore, shapec as being multi-dimensional, composed of both a horizontally areal coverage on the surface of the residential place and a vertically hierarchial relationship between settlements, by analyzing thro( elements of communality that are the economic, socio -cultural and spatial activities. The research site is located administratively in Milan-Myoun, Pyoungchang-Gun, Gangwon-Do that ha: the characteristics as a typical mountain community. The results of field survey of which the method i: to draw the activity zone from an interview with every village's head and some residents with th( prepared questionaire can be summarized as followings. Firstly, the SC in almost all villages tended to be weakened or extincted, none the less, the spatia zone of that overally enlarged and got out of natural village unit(hamlet). However the areal coverall on which the SC has an influence reaches up to the alliant domain of a few villages generally congruen with the lowest level administrative district, Secondly, the economic and social activity pattern in village life has a tendency to be directly linked with a upper central place, so that has induced the function of a central village in the middle-low settlement hierarchy to be largely shrinked. Not only the conventional residents'access to goods service but also the recent service-delivers'access to residents has gradually formed the vertical communality with direct linkage between the upper and the bottom level settlements Lastly, the enfeeblement of the SC in the lowest settlement level tends to be supplemented by enlarging the horizontal zone of the SC or especially by strengthening the vertical direct linkage system. The very this point makes the mountain community open to the external world and also makes the spatial unit of community be multi-dimensional just like a cubic.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.785-792
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• 2019

This study examined the changes in the protein and mineral composition of Gryllus bimaculatus fermented with Bacillus substilis and the mycelia of Basidiomycetes. Normal Gryllus bimaculatus (S) and experimental group data obtained after an inoculation of Bacillus substilis (SC) (KACC 19623), Pleurotus eryngii (SP) and Cordyceps millitaris (SC) were compared. The crude protein content of the Gryllus bimaculatus (control) was 75.48%, but it decreased to 64.55, 54.32, and 63.53% after fermentation with SB, SP and SC, respectively (p<0.05). An analysis of the organic elements showed that the contents of the carbon and nitrogen sources were also reduced after fermentation, and the most significant decrease was observed after fermentation with SP. In SDS-PAGE, a 120 kDa and a 48 kDa protein of Gryllus bimaculatus were found. On the other hand, protein bands faded after fermentation with SP and SC, respectively. Moreover, no visible band was observed after fermentation with SB. According to amino acid analysis, the total free amino acid content increased 3.84 and 1.74 times after fermentation with SB and SP, respectively, compared to the corresponding baseline data. In contrast, it decreased by 0.52 times after fermentation with SC. Among the essential amino acids found in crickets fermented with SB, the valine and isoleucine content was 3.57 and 2.64 times higher, respectively, than the recommended daily amount of essential amino acids.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.141-168
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• 2009

현재 세계화의 급속한 물결은 다수의 글로벌 기업을 태동시키며 글로벌 공급사슬(Global Supply Chain, GSC)을 형성하고 있다. 글로벌 공급 사슬의 거점인 항만도 그 기능이 변화하여 글로벌 기업의 공급사슬관리를 위해 어떠한 역할을 담당할 수 있는가가 중요해지고 있고, 이에 따라 항만의 경쟁력 기준도 변화하여 항만 자체간이 아닌 항만을 포함하는 글로벌 공급사슬 간의 경쟁이 되고 있다. 따라서 최근에는 항만의 기능을 글로벌 공급사슬 (SC)기능과 연결하여 분석하고 이에 비추어 항만의 경쟁력을 평가하는 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 새로운 항만기능, 즉 항만의 공급사슬 기능과 이와 관련된 변화된 항만 경쟁력 개념에 대해 조사하고, 공급사슬 개념과 항만 경쟁력 의 상호 관련성에 대해 조사하였다. 또한 한중간 SC 형성등 변화하는 항만 환경을 맞아 글로벌 기업의 효율적, 효과적 SC 관리 요구에 부응하여야 하는 인천항에 대하여 SC 기능과 경쟁력에 대해 평가하고, 앞으로의 발전 전략을 제시 하였다.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2022

Planner configuration thin film solar cells (TFSCs) with SnS/CdS heterojunction performed a lower short-circuit current (J_SC). In this study, we have demonstrated a path to overcome deficiency in J_SC by the incorporation of Se in the SnS absorber. We carried out the incorporation of Se in VTD grown SnS absorber by rapid thermal annealing (RTA). The diffusion of Se is mostly governed by RTA temperature (T_RTA), also it is observed that film structure changes from cube-like to plate-like structure with T_RTA. The maximum J_SC of 23.1 mA cm^-2 was observed for 400℃ with an open-circuit voltage (V_OC) of 0.140 V for the same temperature. The highest performance of 2.21% with J_SC of 18.6 mA cm^-2, V_OC of 0.290 V, and fill factor (FF) of 40.9% is observed for a T_RTA of 300℃. In the end, we compare the device performance of Se- incorporated SnS absorber with pristine SnS absorber material, increment in J_SC is approximately 80% while a loss in V_OC of about 20% has been observed.