• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.153-157
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• 2008

기상상태에 관계없이 데이터를 획득할 수 있는 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)는 산림 분야에서 C, L, P 밴드의 자료가 많이 연구되어 왔다. 특히 밴드 간에 산림 지역에서 수관을 투과하는 특성이 뚜렷하게 나타나고 있다. X밴드의 경우는 C, L, P 밴드에 비하여 수관 표면에서 backscattering이 일어나게 되므로 수종을 분류하게 되는데 더 큰 장점을 가질 수 있으나 지금까지 산림 분야에서는 X 밴드의 SAR 자료가 활발히 연구되어 오고 있지 않다. 이 연구는 X밴드 SAR자료의 산림 분야의 활용성을 검토해보는 목적으로 1994년 10월 3일에 동시 촬영된 SIR-C/X-SAR 자료의 L, C와 X 밴드의 backscattering coefficients의 차이점을 통해서 수관 밀도나 다른 산림 특성과의 연관성을 살펴보고자 한다. 연구지역은 국립산림과학원에 의하여 관리되고 있는 광릉 지역으로서 그 지역의 산림에 대한 정밀한 자료를 분석에 활용하여 SAR 자료의 밴드별 파장과 산림피복의 특성에 따른 연관성에 대해 분석하였다.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2009.03a
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• pp.72-77
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• 2009

지상 SAR 시스템은 산사태, 지반침하, 댐이나 대규모 지상시설의 변위 등에 대한 정밀 모니터링을 위한 기술로 주목받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 원형레일 기반의 지상 SAR 시스템에 대한 Forward Modeling S/W를 개발하였다. 이는 기존의 선형 레일을 이용하는 지상 SAR 시스템의 응용성 확대를 위해 원형레일 기반의 지상 SAR 시스템을 개발하고자 하는 연구의 일환으로서, 안테나를 원형 레일을 따라 움직이며 얻어지는 경우의 지상 SAR 자료획득 체계 설계와 영상화 처리 알고리즘의 개발 및 검증에 활용하기 위한 것이다. 여러 개의 point scatters를 대상으로 선형 레일을 따라 움직이는 안테나에 대한 시뮬레이션을 통해 얻어진 SAR raw signal 자료에 대하여 기존의 SAR 영상화 처리 알고리즘을 적용한 결과, 정확한 영상이 얻어지고 있음을 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.346-349
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose SAR(Specific absorption rate) reduction methods based on surface electric field distribution relation. Proposed the new method that is able to consider improvement of the SAR from the very beginning step of developing the wireless transceiver. Analysis of wireless handset with human body(head) using finite element method(FEM). Results of this method, SAR reduced about 50 %.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.453-460
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• 2010

For high quality image acquisition, compensating air-vehicle motion is essential for airborne SAR system. This paper describes a timing control based motion compensation method for airborne SAR system. Efficient timing control is critical for SAR system since it maintains many timing signals and timing setting for the signals should be updated frequently. This paper proposes Timing Cluster method as an efficient means for timing control of SAR system. Moreover, this paper suggests a simple and efficient method to compensate air-vehicle motion based on the Timing Cluster method. Timing Cluster method enables SAR system to control the timing in a timing noncritical way just maintaining little amount of information.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.705-719
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• 2010

We investigated the speckle filtering effect in supervised classification of the C-band polarimetric Ground Based SAR image data. Wishart classification method was used for the supervised classification of the polarimetric GB-SAR image data and total of 6 kinds of speckle filters were applied before supervised classification, which are boxcar, Gaussian, Lopez, IDAN, the refined Lee, and the refined Lee sigma filters. For each filters, we changed the filtering kernel size from $3{\times}3$ to $9{\times}9$ to investigate the filtering size effect also. The refined Lee filter with the kernel size of bigger than $5{\times}5$ showed the best result for the Wishart supervised classification of polarimetric GB-SAR image data. The result also showed that the type of trees could be discriminated by Wishart supervised classification of polarimetric GB-SAR image data.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.243-253
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• 2009

For the last 14 years, space-borne satellite SAR system such as RADARSAT-1, ERS-2, and ENVISAT ASAR have provided a continuous observation over the ocean. However, the data acquired from those systems were limited to C-band frequency until the advent of the first spacebome German X-band SAR system TerraSAR-X in 2007. Korea is also planning to launch the nation's first X-band SAR satellite (KOMPSAT-5) in 2010. It is timely and necessary to develop X-band models for estimating geophysical parameters from these X-band SAR systems. In this study, X-band wind retrieval model was investigated and developed based on numerical ocean scattering model (radar backscattering model and hydrodynamic interaction model). Although these models have not yet been tested and validated for broad ranges of wind conditions, the estimated wind speeds from TerraSAR-X data show generally good agreement with in-situ measurements.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.16 no.9 s.100
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• pp.903-908
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• 2005

In this paper, in order to consider SAR(Specific Absorption Rate) problem at the beginning stage of a handset development, we investigated the Shh value change by using simulation method according to various EMI(Electromagnetic Interference) paint patterns on front case of a handset and folding angles. First, we made some experiments with EMI paint pattern on front case of a handset, and obtained results showed that different patterns of EMI paint had different SAR values. Among the simulation results on SAR value according to EMI paint patterns, the hairpin pattern showed the best performance, i.e. the decrease efficiency of $8.04\%$ and completely removed pattern showed the decrease efficiency of $5.94\%$. Orignal pattern was set as the reference and the folding angle was $150^{\circ}$. Second, simulation was carried out with changing folding angle from $150^{\circ}$ to $140^{\circ}$ and $160^{\circ}$. Simulation results for the modeled handset showed that SAR value was decreased with increasing the folding angle. When the folding angle was $160^{\circ}$ and with original pattern, we got the SAR value of about 1,61 W/kg. When we applied hairpin pattern with the folding angle of $160^{\circ}$, we got the lowest SAR value of about 1.45 W/kg.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.801-810
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• 2018

Ship monitoring using satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images consists of ship detection, ship discrimination, and ship classification. A large number of methods have been proposed to improve the detection and discrimination capabilities, while only a few studies exist for ship classification. Thus, many studies for the ship classification are needed to construct ship monitoring system having high performance. Note that constructing database (DB), which contains both SAR images and labels of various ships, is important for research on the ship classification. In the airborne SAR classification, many methods have been developed using moving and stationary target acquisition and recognition (MSTAR) DB. However, there has been no publicly available DB for research on the ship classification using satellite SAR images. Recently, Shanghai Key Laboratory has constructed OpenSARShip DB using both SAR images of various ships generated from Sentinel-1 satellite of European Space Agency (ESA) and automatic identification system (AIS) information. Thus, the applicability of OpenSARShip DB for ship classification should be investigated by using the concepts of airborne SAR classification which have shown high performances. In this study, ship classification using satellite SAR images are conducted by applying the concepts of airborne SAR classification to OpenSARShip DB, and then the applicability of OpenSARShip DB is investigated by analyzing the classification performances.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.854-864
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• 2016

The use of small drone platform has become a popular topic in these days but its application for SAR operation has been little known due to the burden of the payload implementation. Drone platforms are distinguished from the conventional UAV system by the increased vulnerability to the turbulences, control-errors and poor motion stability. Consequently, sophisticated motion compensation may be required to guarantee the successful acquisition of high quality SAR imagery. Extremely limited power and mass budgets may prevent the use of additional hardwares for motion compensation and the difficulty of SAR focusing is further aggravated. In this paper, we have carried out a feasibility study of mico-SAR drone operation. We present the image acquisition results from the preliminary flight tests and a quality assessment is followed on the experimental SAR images. The in-flight motion errors derived from the unique drone movements are investigated and attempts have been made to compensate for the geometrical and phase errors caused by motions against the nominal trajectory. Finally, the successful operation of drone SAR system is validated through the focussed SAR images taken over test sites.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.285-293
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• 2020

In this paper, to improve Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image quality, the effect of time synchronization error in the EGI/IMU (Embedded GPS/INS, Inertial Measurement Unit) integrated system is analyzed and state augmentation is applied to compensate it. EGI/IMU integrated system is widely used as a SAR motion measurement algorithm, which consists of EGI mounted to obtain the trajectory and IMU mounted on the SAR antenna. In an EGI/IMU integrated system, a time synchronization error occurs when the clocks of the sensors are not synchronized. Analysis of the effect of time synchronization error on navigation solutions and SAR images confirmed that the time synchronization error deteriorates SAR image quality. The state augmentation is applied to compensate for this and as a result, the SAR image quality does not decrease. In addition, by analyzing the performance and the observability of the time synchronization error according to the maneuver, it was confirmed that the time-variant maneuver such as rotational motion is necessary to estimate the time synchronization error adequately. In order to reduce the influence of the time synchronization error on the SAR image, the time synchronization error must be compensated by performing maneuver changing over time such as a rotation before SAR operation.