• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.353-364
• /
• 1993

To elucidate ecophysiological factors affecting nutural distribution of evergreen broad-leabed trees in Danohad National Marine Park, water potential, relative water content and photosynthetic activities of 4 species, Cammellia japonica, Machilus thunbergii, Castanopsis cuspidata var.sieboldii and Quercus acuta, were potential began to decrease from 07:00h to its minimum value at 13:00h for C. cuspidata var. sieboldii (-14.3bar) and Q. acuta (-19.4bar) at 16:00 h for M. thunbergii(-17.0bar) and at 19:00 h for C. japonica (-14.5bar), and these showed similar trends to relative water content. Photosynthetic activities of 4 species began to increase from 7:00 h and reached maximum values before their minimum values of water potential occureed. Optimum temperature renges of photosynthetic activities was $18~20^{\circ}C$ for C. japonica - M. thunbergii and $14~16^{\circ}C$ for C. cuspidata var. sieboldii Quercus acuta.Q.acuta had the highest light saturation point of $0.4mM/m^2/s$ and C. japonica the lowest of $0.15mM/m^2/s$. Water potential of 4 species subjected to water stress, began to decrease after 1st day of drought and after 21th day of drought, those of C. japonica, M. thunbergii, C. cuspidata var. sieboldii and Q. acuta decreased to species began to decrease after 7th day of drought and after 21th day, those of M. thunbergii, C. cuspidata var. sieboldii and Q. acuta were dropped to about 50% and C. japonica 83.5%. Photosynthetic activity of 4 specie began to decline in the order of C. cuspidata var. sieboldii, Q.acuta, C. japonica and M. thunbergii after 10th day of drought. These results suggest that the segregated disributions of C. japonica - M. thunbergii on vally positions and C. cuspidata var. sieboldii - Q. acuta on slopes were associated with different responses of water status and photosyntheties to their environment.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제45권4호
• /
• pp.351-357
• /
• 2012

To determine whether the seaweed Saccharina japonica can effectively utilize dissolved nutrients from Sebastes schlegeli fish cultures, a laboratory experiment was conducted in a static system for 7 days at ESFRI, NFRDI in Korea. The experiment included an S. schlegeli monoculture system and an S. schlegeli-S. japonica IMTA system. Saccharina schlegeli density ($415{\pm}24g$; mean${\pm}$SE) remained the same in all treatments, whereas seaweed density varied across treatments of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 kg (control and T1-T4, respectively). During the experiment, nutrient ($NH_4^+$ and $PO_4^{3-}$) concentrations were measured at 24-h intervals. $NH_4^+$ concentration of the control group increased from $0.117{\pm}0.021mg/L$ at the start of experiment to $5.836{\pm}0.904mg/L$ at the end of experiment. $NH_4^+$ concentrations of each treatment were $3.004{\pm}0.040$, $2.086{\pm}0.133$, $1.642{\pm}0.121$ and $0.775{\pm}0.007mg/L$ in T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively, at the end of experiment. The concentration of $PO_4^{3-}$ exhibited a similar trend to $NH_4^+$ concentration. $NH_4^+$ and $PO_4^{3-}$ concentrations significantly decreased with increased S. japonica thallus density each day (P<0.05). The nutrient removal efficiency (NRE) and nutrient uptake rate (NUR) showed different relationships with changes in thallus density; NRE increased but NUR decreased as thallus density increased. Based on measured concentrations of $NH_4^+$ and S. japonica weight, regression analysis defined the relationship between as an exponential function, $Y=3.8165e^{-0.505X}$ ($R^2$ = 0.9552). Our results demonstrated that S. japonica can function as an efficient component in IMTA with environmental and potentially economic benefits for fish hatcheries.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제29권12호
• /
• pp.1386-1392
• /
• 2019

본 연구에서는 천연물유래 구강건강소재로써 염료식물의 이용 가능성을 알아보기 위해 오리나무, 옻나무, 치자나무, 황칠나무, 황벽나무, 회화나무 줄기 추출물의 구강미생물에 대한 항균활성을 조사하였다. 6 종의 국내 자생 염료식물의 줄기에서 추출한 에탄올 추출물 중 오리나무 줄기 추출물(1 mg/disc)이 치주질환 원인균인 P. gingivalis KCTC5352에 대해 가장 우수한 항균활성을 나타내었다. 오리나무 줄기 추출물은 P. gingivalis KCTC5352에 대해 양성대조구로 사용한 chlorhexidine과 유사한 항균활성을 나타내었으며 P. gingivalis KCTC5352의 MIC는 0.4 mg/ml였고 MBC는 0.6 mg/ml였다. 오리나무 줄기 추출물이 0.2-2.0 mg/ml 농도로 처리된 배양액에서 P. gingivalis KCTC5352의 바이오필름 생성율과 세균 생육은 추출물의 농도가 증가할수록 저해되는 경향을 보였다. 또한 P. gingivalis KCTC5352의 superoxide dismutase (SOD)와 섬모에 대한 mRNA 발현도 추출물의 농도가 높아질수록 감소하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 오리나무 줄기 추출물은 치주질환 원인균인 P. gingivalis KCTC5352에 대한 항균활성과 생물막 생성 억제능이 우수하기 때문에 천연물유래 구강건강소재로써 이용 가능성이 높을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.219-219
• /
• 2022

Granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI), encoded by the waxy gene, is responsible for the accumulation of amylose during the development of starch granules in rice endosperm. Despite many findings on waxy alleles, the genetic diversity and evolutionary studies are still not fully explored regarding their functional effects. Comprehensive evolutionary analyses were performed to investigate the genetic variations and relatedness of the GBSSI gene in 374 rice accessions composed of 54 wild accessions and 320 bred cultivars (temperate japonica, tropical japonica, indica, aus, aromatic, and admixture). GBSS1 coding regions were analyzed from a VCF file retrieved from whole-genome resequencing data, and eight haplotypes were identified in the GBSSI coding region of 320 bred cultivars. The genetic diversity indices revealed the most negative Tajima's D value in the tropical-japonica, followed by the aus and temperate-japonica, while Tajima's D values in indica were positive, indicating balancing selection. Diversity reduction was noticed in temperate japonica (0.0003) compared to the highest one (wild, 0.0044), illustrating their higher genetic differentiation by F_ST-value (0.604). The most positive Tajima's D value was observed in indica (0.5224), indicating the GBSSI gene domestication signature under balancing selection. In contrast, the lowest and negative Tajima's D value was found in tropical japonica (-0.5291), which might have experienced a positive selection and purified due to the excess of rare alleles. Overall, our study offers insights into haplotype diversity and evolutionary fingerprints of GBSSI. It ako provides genomic information to increase the starch content of cooked rice.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.17-23
• /
• 2021

Background: Montane wetlands are unique wetland ecosystems with distinct physicochemical characteristics, and Molinia japonica often makes dominant communities in montane wetlands in South Korea. In order to figure out the environmental characteristics of M. japonica habitats and the major factors for the growth of M. japonica, field surveys were conducted in five wetlands from September to October 2019. Also, soil was collected at every quadrats installed in surveyed wetlands to analyze the physicochemical features. Results: The relative coverage of M. japonica was higher in low latitude wetlands than in high latitude. Redundancy analysis showed that soil water content had the strongest effect on the growth of M. japonica (F = 23.0, p < 0.001). Soil water content, loss on ignition, and relative light intensity showed a high correlation with the density (R = 0.568, 0.550, 0.547, respectively, p < 0.01) and the coverage of M. japonica (R = 0.495, 0.385, 0.514, respectively, p < 0.01). Soil water content, loss on ignition, and pH were highly correlated with each other. Conclusions: Molinia japonica lives in acidic wetlands at high altitude in temperate zone of low latitude, with peat layer placed on the floor. Also, M. japonica prefers open spaces to secure enough light for photosynthesis. High shoot production of M. japonica resulted in adding new peat material in every year, and this layer enforces the environmental characteristics of M. japonica habitats. This study may provide insights for further understanding of the method how wetlands maintain acidic condition by itself in montane wetlands in temperate zone.

• 식물분류학회지
• /
• 제42권1호
• /
• pp.40-49
• /
• 2012

동북아산 미역취 복합체(S. virgaurea complex)에는 미역취(S. virgaurea subsp. asiatica), 잔미역취(S. virgaurea var. taquetii), 나래미역취(S. virgaurea var. coreana), 산미역취(S. virgaurea subsp. leiocarpa), 울릉미역취(S. virgaurea subsp. gigantea) 등 5가지의 종하분류군이 보고되고 있으나, 분류군의 실체 및 한계가 명확히 구분되지 않고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 원기재문과 기준표본을 바탕으로 국내의 9개 자생지 집단을 조사하여 미역취의 외부형태학적 형질을 재검토하였고, 동북아산 미역취 복합체의 실체 확인 및 분류학적 처리를 수행하였다. 또한 문헌 및 표본 관찰을 통해 동아시아산 미역취속의 분포역을 파악하였다. 그 결과, 미역취는 유럽산 미역취(S. virgaurea L.)와 명확히 구분되는 독립된 종(S. japonica Kitam.)으로 인정되었으며, 울릉도를 제외한 한반도 전역과 일본에만 한정 분포하는 것으로 조사되었다. 그리고 잔미역취와 나래미역취의 검색형질들은 미역취의 해당 형질 변이 폭 내에 포함되므로 모두 미역취의 이명으로 처리하였으며, 산미역취는 국내에 분포하지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. 한편 울릉미역취는 충분한 실험재료가 확보되지 않았기 때문에 분류학적 처리를 보류하였으며, 두메미역취가 한반도 북부에 자생하는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제25권2호통권81호
• /
• pp.77-84
• /
• 1997

울릉도에서 Graphis와 Pyrenula속 지의류 표본 26점이 1995년 5월과 10월에 채집되었다. 분류 동정을 통하여, Graphis rikuziensis (Vain.) Nak., Graphis scripta (L.) Ach., Pyrenula japonica Kurok.로 분류되었는데 그 중 Pyrenula japonica Kurok.는 한국의 미기록종 이었다.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.17-21
• /
• 2014

The combined new phytoformula (CAS), a mixture (5 : 3 : 2, w/w/w) of the ethanol extracts of the roots of C. officinalis and A. japonica, and the n-butanol fraction of the S. subprostrata strongly inhibited arthritic severity score as well as IL-6 production in serum of collagen-induced arthritic mice. Histological observation also indicated that the CAS-treated group showed less breakdown of joint cartilage of the collagen-treated mice. In contrast, C. officinalis alone or a combination of A. japonica and S. subprostrata did not show significant inhibitory action on the same animal model. Thus, it is thought that CAS possesses a synergistic inhibitory action on arthritic condition. All these results strongly suggest that CAS may be a potential anti-arthritic agent.

• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.269-274
• /
• 1990

일본산메추리(Coturnix coturnix japonica)의 핵형연구를 위하여 정소조직 및 백혈구, 초기태아조직들로서 염색체 분석을 수행하였다. 이들 염색체의 수는 정상 이배체(2n)가 78개로 나타나고, 계2 감수분열 중기상태의 정모세포의 관찰에서 반수체(n)가 39개로 나타났다. 한편 8개의 대형염색체 및 성 염상체에 대한 형태적 분석은 동원체지수 및 상대적 길이비로서 측정하였다. 이용된 여러 조직간의 염색체의 형태적 차이는 거의 없는 것으로 나타났으나 4번 염색체템서 p-alm의 존재유무에 따라 상당한 변이를 나타내었다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.84-88
• /
• 1996

Alnus japonica cortex has been used as antidiarrhea, antihemorrhage and the remedy of indigestion. This study was performed to investigate the effectiveness of the methanol extracts of the Alnus japonica cortex on the gastric lesion and ulcer. The methanol extract was fractionated with hexane, chloroform and butanol, followed by bioassay on antigastritic and antiulcer activity. The methanol extract showed low acute toxicity with minimum lethal dose of more than 5000 mg/kg, p.o. in mice. The chloroform and the butanol fraction reduced gastric lesion in HCI. ethanol induced gastritic model. On gastric secretion in pylorus ligated rat, the hexane and chloroform fraction decreased the volume and acidity. The butanol fraction had significant inhibitory effects on aspirin and Shay's ulcer. The butanol fraction showed a tendency to inhibit the decrease of mucin secretion due to ingestion of absolute ethanol.