• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 1999

Two sibling species of the genus Platycephalus collected from the South and West Sea of Korea were reviewed based on the several meristic and morphological characters, electrophoresis of muscle protein, and LDH and MDH isozyme. Counts and morphometric characters of Platycephalus indicus were different from those of Platycephalus sp. by having 18~20 pectoral fin rays (16~19 in Platycephalus sp.), 70~80 scales of lateral line (83~100), 10.2~13.1% eye diameter (10.9~15.5%), 14.5~18.1% interorbital width (11.8~17.8%), dark brown of body color (light brown) and dark brown of pectoral and ventral fin outside (light brown and pale). The number of soluble protein bands in muscle separated by polyacrylamidegel electrophoresis was 16 and 18 from P. indicus and Platycephalus sp, respectively, and each bands showed their characteristics in activated degree. The number of bands separated from LDH isozyme were 2 and 1 in P. indicus and Platycephalus sp. and in the case of MDH isozyme, 5 and 4 bands, respectively. So we were thought that P. indicus and Platycephalus sp. from Korea were different species each other.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.181-192
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• 1991

Zooplankton were sampled horizontally with a standard net from the surface layer of the estuarine system of Mankyong River and Dongjin River in October, 1989, March, May, and July, 1990. Among dominant taxa of the zooplankton community, copepods were predominant in October, 1989 and March, 1990 and Noctiluca scintillans in May and July, 1990. Abundance of zooplankton showed considerable spatial and temporal fluctuations with a range of $12~9,256ind./m^3$ in wet weight. In the copepod community, Pseudodiaptomus inopinus and Paracalanus inducus were predominant in October, 1989: Acartia hudosonica and P. inducus in March, 1990; A. hudosonica and Centropages abdoinalis in May, 1990; A. pacifica, P. indicus and Tortanus spinicaudatus in July. 1990. In summer (July),there were large seasonal changes in salinity ($0.7~28.9\textperthousand$), due to monsoonal flooding, and associated changes in community structured of copepods. There were eight species of copepods in the mixo-mesohaline zone ($5.0~28.8\textperthousand$), namely Acartia pacifica, A. hudosonica, Centropages tenuiremis, C. abdominalis, Labidocera Euchaeta, Tortanus spinicaudatus, corycaeus affinis and Paracalanus indicus. On the other hand, Thermocouple hyalinus, Pseudodiaptomus inopinus and Sinocalanus tenellus occurred in the mixo-oligohaline zone ($0.5~5.0\textperthousand$), showing more tolerant of low salinity than any of the other species. In the mixoeuhaline zone ($>28.0\textperthousand$), Labidocera bipinnata, Oithona similes, Calanus sinicus, Acartia omorii and Tortanus forcipatus were founded.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1487-1494
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• 2009

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays well-defined roles in eliciting immune responses and combating infectious diseases. The major histocompatibility complex of cattle is referred to as BoLA (Bovine Lymphocyte Antigen). This genetic system is among the most polymorphic. In the present study, polymorphism of the BoLA- DRB3.2 locus in three Bos indicus breeds viz., Sahiwal, Rathi and Hariana was studied by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism technique using the enzymes RsaI, Bst Y1 and Hae III. Both Sahiwal and Rathi are good Indian dairy breeds and survive under tough tropical conditions, while Hariana is a prominent dual-purpose breed reared both as a dairy animal and for bullock production. A total of 30 different BoLADRB3.2 alleles were observed to be present in the 3 Bos indicus breeds. Certain alleles were common amongst the three breeds while there were others that were unique to each breed. Allelic distribution amongst the three breeds showed that each breed had a unique allelic distribution pattern that was different from each other and also different from the earlier breeds studied so far for the existence of allelic variation at this locus. A dendogram was constructed based on the frequencies of the BoLA-DRB3 alleles using the UPGMA method. The Rathi and Hariana animals were genetically the most apart. The Hariana animals clustered on a different branch from the other two breeds viz. the Rathi and the Sahiwal. The smallest genetic distances for the DRB3 alleles were those between Sahiwal and Rathi (0.5461) while genetic distance between Hariana and Sahiwal was 0.6123. A comparison of the allelic frequencies of the BoLADRB3.2 locus in these 3 breeds viz. Sahiwal, Hariana and Rathi with the allelic frequencies present in the previously characterized Bos indicus Kankrej breed, which is a dual purpose breed reared both as a draught and a dairy animal, showed that the Bos indicus Sahiwal and Rathi breeds clustered into one group while the Hariana and Kankrej breeds formed another group. The Rathi and Sahiwal showed the least genetic distance of 0.5461 amongst the breeds whereas the Rathi and Kankrej, with a Nei''s genetic distance of 1.1622, were genetically the most distant apart.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.66-72
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• 2021

This study developed a species identification method for the salted opossum shrimp of Acetes japonicus, A. chinensis (Korea, China), A. indicus (I, II), and Palaemon gravieri based on PCR-RFLP markers. Genomic DNA was extracted from the salted opossum shrimp. The COI gene was used to amplify 519 base pairs (bp) using specific primers. The amplified products were digested by Acc I and Hinf I, and the DNA fragments were separated by automated electrophoresis for RFLP analysis. When the amplified DNA product (519 bp) was digested with Acc I, A. japonicus, A. chinensis (Korea), and A. indius (II) showed two fragments, whereas a single band of 519 bp was detected in A. chinensis (China) and A. indius (I). Also, in the RFLP patterns digested by Hinf I, A. chinensis (Korea) and A. chinensis (China) showed a single band of 519 bp, while two fragments were observed in A. japonicus and A. indius (I) and four fragments in A. indius (II). The PCR amplicon of P. gravieri was digested by Acc I into 3 bands of 271, 202, and 46 bp and by Hinf I into a single band of 519 bp. Therefore, salted opossum shrimp-specific RFLP markers showing distinct differences between four species and two sub-species by PCR-RFLP analysis. Thus, the PCR-RFLP markers developed in this study are a good method for identifying the six types of salted opossum shrimp.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.1368-1374
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• 2005

To investigate the genetic relationships among various cattle breeds, bovine mtDNA D-loop region was used in 411 animals of 18 cattle breeds, including 8 Asian Bos taurus, 7 European Bos taurus, 1 Asian Bos indicus, and 2 African Bos indicus. The size of amplified PCR products from mtDNA D-loop region was 964 bp and the products were digested by 15 different restriction enzymes. Two different band patterns were identified in eight restriction enzymes (BstXI, Hae III, Msp I, Apa I, Taq I, Alu I, BamH I, EcoN I) and the rest of restriction enzymes showed more than 3 different band patterns among which Apo I and MspR9 resulted in 7 different restriction patterns. The genotypes, number of haplotype, effective number of haplotype, and degree of heterozygosity were analyzed. Based on all the PCR-RFLP data, different haplotypes were constructed and analyzed for calculating genetic distances between these breeds using Nei's unbiased method and constructing a phylogenetic tree.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.239-244
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• 2003

A protocol has been developed for rapid large scale clonal propagation of an aromatic endangered medicinal plant, Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. with the elimination of the problems such as premature leaf fall and callus formation during caulogenesis and rhizogenesis. Multiple shoots were induced from shoot tip and nodal explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1 mg/L Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.5 mg/L Napthaleneaceticacid (NAA). Addition of 15 mg/L adenine sulphate to the above medium checked leaf abscission completely, reduced the time required for caulogenesis and restored morphogenetic potential after several subcultures. The in vitro grown propagules were rooted in 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L Indolebutyric acid (IBA) +1 mg/L NAA and sucrose 0.7% (w/v). Addition of charcoal at 100 mg/L to the rooting medium quickened root initiation with a complete check on callus formation. The effect of sucrose concentration on both caulogenesis and rhizogenesis was also studied. The resultant plantlets were acclimatized and grown in fields where ninety eight percent of the rooted shoots survived and grew normally. The estimation of the secondary metabolite content in the shoots of the regenerated plant and the mother plant indicated that the concentration of the three secondary metabolites lupeol, vanillin and rutin was similar.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.75-79
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate protocol standardization for cryopreservation spermatozoa of the bar-tailed flathead Platycephalus indicus. The suitability of the cryoprotectants, dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), glycerol and methanol were tested against three freezing rates and three thawing temperatures. DMSO and glycerol gave significantly higher motile index and survival rates than methanol. Among the freezing rates, freezing at a height of 2 cm above $LN_2$ surface for $10\;min^{-1}$ gave higher motile index and survival rates. In terms of best thawing temperature, $20^{\circ}C$ obtained the highest motility.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.1036-1043
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• 2019

Objective: To investigate the color and oxidative stabilities of longissimus lumborum (LL) and psoas major (PM) muscles from grain-finished Bos indicus cattle in Brazil. Methods: The LL and PM muscles were obtained 24 h post-mortem from eight (n = 8) Nellore bull carcasses, fabricated into 1.5-cm steaks, aerobically packaged, and stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for nine days. Steaks were analyzed for myoglobin concentration, pH, instrumental color, metmyoglobin reducing activity (MRA) and lipid oxidation. Results: The LL steaks exhibited greater (p<0.05) redness, color stability, and MRA than their PM counterparts on days 5 and 9. The LL and PM steaks demonstrated similar (p>0.05) lightness and yellowness on days 0, 5, and 9. On the other hand, PM steaks exhibited greater (p<0.05) myoglobin concentration, pH, and lipid oxidation than their LL counterparts. Conclusion: These results indicated that muscle source influenced the color and oxidative stabilities of beef from grain-finished Bos indicus animals. These results highlighted the necessity of muscle-specific strategies to improve the color stability of beef from grain-fed Bos indicus cattle.

• Mycobiology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 2005

Twenty-two isolates of Sclerotium rolfsii causing spotted leaf rot from Varanasi, India were grown on 6% Cyperus rotundus rhizome meal agar (CRMA) medium for the induction of athelial stage (Athelia rolfsii). Only one isolate obtained from Sphaeranthus indicus formed basidial stage on CRMA medium while the other 21 isolates did not. Basidial stage was also produced in S. indicus isolate at different concentrations (5.5, 6.0 and 6.5% w/v) of CRMA medium. Size of basidia, sterigmata and basidiospores of this isolate was measured. Basidia clavate, hyaline and measured $10{\sim}12{\times}4{\sim}5\;{\mu}m$ in size, basidiospores hyaline, unicellular, subglobose to ellipsoid produced on sterigmata and measured $3{\sim}5{\times}2{\sim}4\;{\mu}m$ in size, sterigmata hyaline and measured $4{\sim}5{\times}1.5{\sim}2\;{\mu}m$ in size. The results of the present study revealed wide variation in spotted leaf rot isolates of S. rolfsii. A reddish zone around the colony of S. rolfsii isolate from Vernonia sp. was observed on CRMA medium. HPLC analysis of the zone revealed the presence of gallic and ferulic acid which were also thought to be responsible for reduced mycelial growth of the isolate on CRMA medium.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.427-431
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• 1993

Rectal fecal samples from zebu cattle (Bos indicus) at Savar, Dhaka, were collected in every two months of the year from March, 1987 to February, 1988 and were examined using Stoll's dilution technique. Out of a total of 737 fecal samples examined in six periods, 589 (79.9%) samples were found to be positive for one or more helminths. Overall prevalences for fasciola, paramphistome, schistosome, strongylids, ascaris, strongyloides, trichuris and capillaria infestations were respectively 19.5%, 48.0%, 5.9%, 52.2%, 1.5%, 2.5%, 5.5% and 12.7%. Prevalences of fasciola, paramphistome and schistosome infestations were significantly (p<0.01) higher from middle of August to December. Strogylids, trichuris and capillaria infestations were significantly (p<0.01) higher from July to October, although strongylids infestation also increased during January-February. Significantly (p<0.01) higher fasciola and paramphistome infestations were observed in animals after one year of age, whereas strongylids, ascaris, strongyloides and trichuris infestations were significantly (p<0.01) higher in cattle upto one year of age. Fasciola infestation was significantly (p<0.01) higher in female cattle and significantly (p<0.05) higher strongylids infestation was found in males.