• 제목/요약/키워드: S-transferase

검색결과 1,043건 처리시간 0.03초

PI(3,5)P2 5-phosphatase Fig4와 Kinesin superfamily 5A (KIF5A)의 결합 (PtdIns(3,5)P2 5-phosphatase Fig4 Interacts with Kinesin Superfamily 5A (KIF5A))

  • 장원희;석대현
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제24권1호
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    • pp.14-19
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    • 2014
  • Kinesin-1은 2개의 장쇄(KHCs, 또는 KIF5s)와 2개의 단쇄(KLCs)가 결합한 복합체로 되어 있다. 본 연구에서 효모 two-hybrid system을 이용하여 중추신경계의 신경세포에서 주로 발현되는 KIF5A와 결합하는 단백질을 탐색한 결과 phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate ($PI(3,5)P_2$)의 5번 위치 인산을 제거하는 탈인산화효소 Fig4(Sac3)를 분리하였다. KIF5A는 Fig4의 C-말단과 결합함을 효모 two-hybrid assay로 확인하였다. Fig4는 KIF5A의 C-말단과 결합하지만, 두 개의 다른 장쇄인 KIF5B와 KIF5C 그리고 KLC1와는 결합하지 않았다. 단백질 간 결합을 glutathione S-transferase pull-down assay와 공동면역침강으로 추가 검증하였다. 생쥐의 뇌 파쇄액을 KIF5A 항체로 면역 침강한 결과 Fig4가 같이 침강하였다. 이러한 결과들은 kinesin-1이 Fig4와 결합한 단백질 복합체 혹은 운반체를 세포 내에서 운반함을 시사한다.

실내종 Chironomus riparious와 야외종 Chironomus plumosus의 중금속 노출에 따른 분자지표 유전자 발현 (The Molecular Biomarker Genes Expressions of Rearing Species Chironomus riparious and Field Species Chironomus plumosus Exposure to Heavy Metals)

  • 김원석;김로사;박기연;차밀라니;곽인실
    • 생태와환경
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    • 제48권2호
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    • pp.86-94
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    • 2015
  • Chironomous is aquatic insect belonging to order Diptera, family Chironomidae. Their larval stage can be found mainly in aquatic benthic environment, hence good model organism to study environmental toxicology assessments and consider as useful bio indicators of contamination of the aquatic environment. In this study, Chironomus Heat Shock Proteins, Cytochrome 450, Glutathione S-transferase, Serine-type endopeptidase gene expressions were compared between polluted field areas (Chironomus plumosus) and under laboratory conditions (Chironomus riparious) to investigate molecular indicators for environmental contaminant stress assessment. Heavy metal (Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr, Zn, Se, Pb, As, Cd) concentrations in sediments collected from three study areas exceeded the reference values. Moreover, HSPs, CYP450 and GST gene expression except SP for C. plumosus showed higher expression than C. riparious gene expression. Similar gene expression pattern was observed in C. riparious that exposed environment waters up to 96 h when compared to C. plumosus exposed to waters that grown in lab conditions. In summary, this comparative gene expression analysis in Chironomous between field and laboratory condition gave useful information to select candidate molecular indicators in heavy metal contaminations in the environment.

BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE AND HISTOPATHOLOGY OF VITAL ORGANS IN RABBITS FED ON PROCESSED NEEM (Azadirachta indica) KERNEL MEAL INCORPORATED DIETS

  • Gowda, S.K.;Katiyar, R.C.;Sharma, A.K.;Sastry, V.R.B.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제9권4호
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    • pp.471-476
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    • 1996
  • Blood biochemical and histopathological changes in vital organs of rabbits were studied after 19 wk of feeding composite diets (75 concentrate : 25 roughage) incorporating either urea (2%, wt/wt) ammoniated or alkali (1.5%, wt/wt) treated neem kernel meal (NKM) replacing peanut meal protein of control diet by either 50 or 100%. The blood biochemical constituents (Haemoglobin, Alanine amino transferase, Aspartate amino transferase, Total protein, Blood urea nitrogen &Cholesterol) in rabbits fed on processed NKM diet at either levels, were comparable to the values of thos on control diet except a lowered (p < 0.05) blood glucose concentration in processed NKM fed rabbits as compared to that in control diet fed ones. Histological examination revealed increased goblet cell activity, stunting of jejunal villi, mild tubular degeneration in kidney and hepatic fibro-cellular reaction in rabbits fed on urea ammoniated and alkali treated NKM diets with less marked changes in the latter. Testicular changes with variable degree of disorganization and vacuolation of spermatogonial cells were noticed in rabbits fed higher levels of urea-ammoniated and alkali treated NKM. Thus, alkali treatment and urea-ammoniation were effective in detoxification of meal, but the processing technology is to be further perfected to prevent cumulative effect of residual neem bitters in long term feeding.

본초학적 접근을 통해 본 국내에서 연구된 한약재의 사염화탄소로 유발된 간손상에 대한 간보호 효과 (Domestic review of Korean medical treatment on Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Hepatotoxicity - Focusing on Treatment of Korean Herbal Medicine)

  • 김나현;김수일;신민규;김진주
    • 동의생리병리학회지
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    • 제25권5호
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    • pp.919-926
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    • 2011
  • The purpose of this study is to inspect trends of the paper of Korean medical treatment on Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Hepatotoxicity and try to establish the future direction for development of Korean herbal medicine. We reviewed 79 papers which had been published from 1981 to 2010 in journals published in Korea. According to these studies, Carbon Tetrachloride-induced hepato-celluar degeneration and necrosis induced to increase in serum aspartate amintransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), ${\gamma}$-Glutamyl transferase (${\gamma}$-GTP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and albumin levels. In biochemical analyses, antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase in hepatic tissue were remarkably incresed by Carbon Tetrachloride treatment. We found that some of the herbal extracts have a protective effect against Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Hepatotoxicity. More studies of oriental medicinal herbs are required for developing a treatment of hepatotoxicity.

Protective Effect of Pterocarpus santalinus on Galactosamine Induced Liver Damage

  • Dhanabal, S.P.;Syamala, G.;Elango, K.;Suresh, B.
    • Natural Product Sciences
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.8-13
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    • 2006
  • The present study was carried out to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of the extract of Pterocarpus santalinus Linn on acute hepatotoxicity induced in Wistar albino rats by a single dose of Galactosamine (400 mg/kg). Suspensions of methanolic extract of heartwood of P. santalinus (200 and 400 mg/kg) in 0.3% Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) were administered p.o. to experimental animals and hepatoprotective activity was monitored by estimating aspartate amino transferase (ASAT, GOT), alanine amino transferase (ALAT, GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGL), albumin, total protein (TP) levels. The methanolic extract significantly reduced the elevation of serum transaminases and alterations of biochemical parameters induced by hepatotoxin, and alleviated the degree of liver damage. The results were supported by histopathological studies of liver samples showing regeneration of hepatocytes in treated animals. Silymarin (25 mg/kg), a known hepatoprotective drug was used for comparison. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that P. santalinus exerts hepatoprotective activity and may serve as a useful adjuvant in several clinical conditions associated with liver damage.

도인 추출물의 간보호 및 항섬유화 효과 (Hepatoprotective and antifibrotic effects of extracts from Persicae Semen)

  • 남극성;박은전;손동환;고건일
    • 대한한의학방제학회지
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    • 제12권2호
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    • pp.109-117
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    • 2004
  • This study was carried out to investigate the liver protective effects of extracts from Persicae Semen (WT-003, WT-005, WT-006). The acute hepatic injury was induced by intraperitoneal injection of alpha-naphtylisothiocyanate (75 mg/kg, p.o.) and treated with WT-006 (100 mg/kg/day, 200 mg/kg/day, 400 mg/kg/day). The experimental hepatic fibrosis was induced by bile duct ligation/scission(BDL/S), duration of 4 weeks and treated with WT-003, WT-005 or WT-006 (200 mg/kg/days for 4 week). In acute liver injury, WT-006 (200 or 400 mg/kg) lowered serum alanine transferase(ALT) and aspartate transferase(AST) significantly. In fibrotic rats, WT-006 treatment inhibited the hydroxyproline deposition in liver and lowered serum AST, ALT and ALP, significantly. These results suggest WT-006 extract, which does not contain amygdalin, from Persicae Semen have liver protective and antifibrotic effects in rats.

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Inhibitory Mechanism of Novel Inhibitors of UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine Enolpyruvyl Transferase from Haemophilus influenzae

  • Jin, Bong-Suk;Han, Seong-Gu;Lee, Won-Kyu;Ryoo, Sung-Weon;Lee, Sang-Jae;Suh, Se-Won;Yu, Yeon-Gyu
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제19권12호
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    • pp.1582-1589
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    • 2009
  • Bacterial UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase (MurA) catalyzes the transfer of enolpyruvate from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to uridine diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine (UNAG), which is the first step of bacterial cell wall synthesis. We identified thimerosal, thiram, and ebselen as effective inhibitors of Haemophilus influenzae MurA by screening a chemical library that consisted of a wide range of bioactive compounds. When MurA was preincubated with these inhibitors, their 50% inhibitory concentrations ($IC_{50}s$) were found to range from 0.1 to $0.7\;{\mu}M$. In particular, thimerosal suppressed the growth of several different Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhimurium at a concentration range of $1-2\;{\mu}g/ml$. These inhibitors covalently modified the cysteine residue near the active site of MurA. This modification changed the open conformation of MurA to a more closed configuration, which may have prevented the necessary conformational change from occurring during the enzyme reaction.

(-) Epigallocatechin gallate restores ethanol-induced alterations in hepatic detoxification system and prevents apoptosis

  • Anuradha, Carani V;Kaviarasan, Subramanian
    • Advances in Traditional Medicine
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    • 제7권3호
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    • pp.311-320
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    • 2007
  • The present study was designed to estimate the protective effect of (-) epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on ethanol-induced liver injury in rats. Chronic ethanol administration (6 g/kg/day ${\times}$ 60 days) caused liver damage that was manifested by the elevation of markers of liver dysfunction - aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, bilirubin and ${\gamma}$-glutamyl transferase in plasma and reduction in liver glycogen. The activities of alcohol metabolizing enzymes such as alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase were found to be altered in alcohol-treated group. Ethanol administration resulted in the induction of cytochrome p450 and cytochrome-$b_{5}$ activities and reduction of cytochrome-c reductase and glutathione-S-transferase, a phase II drug metabolizing enzyme. Further, ethanol reduced the viability of isolated hepatocytes (ex vivo) as assessed by trypan blue exclusion test and induced hepatocyte apoptosis as assessed by propidium iodide staining. Treatment of alcoholic rats with EGCG restored the levels of markers of liver injury and mitigated the alterations in alcohol metabolizing and drug metabolizing enzymes and cyt-c-reductase. Increased hepatocyte viability and reduced apoptotic nuclei were observed in alcohol + EGCG-treated rats. These findings suggest that EGCG acts as a hepatoprotective agent against alcoholic liver injury.

노화과정(老化過程)의 흰쥐에서 보신환(補腎丸)이 신장(腎臟)의 대사효소계(代謝酵素系)에 미치는 영향(影響) (Effect of BOSINHWAN(BSH) Water Extract on Renal Lipid Peroxide Content and Metabolic Enzyme System)

  • 손민성;오민석;송태원
    • 혜화의학회지
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.659-674
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    • 1999
  • The experimental studies were carried out in order to prove the effect of BSH water extract on Renal lipid peroxide content and metabolic enzyme system experimental studies about peroxide content, transferase, enzyme activity were carried out. The result were obtained as follows : 1. In the change of lipid peroxide of renal tissue, all group was decreased, more of two weeks was decreased. 2. In the Change of BUN of renal tissue, all group was decreased. 3. In the change of LDH of urine, all group was not significant. 4. In the change of ${\gamma}$-glutamyltransferasde, Xanthine oxidase, Aldehyde oxidase of urine, all group was decreased. 5. In the change of protein-bound SH, nonprotein-bound SH, glutathione, glutathione S-transferase, ${\gamma}$-Glutamylcystein synthetase of renal tissue, all group was increased. From above results, BSH was had significant effects on the senile, so it is expected to clinical application on senility and geratology.

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한국인 두경부 편평세포암 환자에서 Glutathione S-transferase(GST)M1, GSTT1 및 GSTP1유전자 다형성 및 유전적 감수성 (Polymorphism of Glutathione S-Transferase(GST)M1, GSTT1, GSTP1 and Genetic Susceptibility to Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Korean Population)

  • 태경;서인석;강미정;조석현;김경래;이형석
    • 대한두경부종양학회지
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.150-156
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    • 2002
  • Objectives: Most of human cancers may result from exposure to environmental carcinogens, and individual effectiveness in the detoxification of these chemicals will influence susceptibility to malignant disease. Glutathione S-Transferases(GSTs) enzymes are involved in the detoxification of active metabolites of many carcinogens from tobacco smoke and may be important in modulating susceptibility to smoke-related cancer. The purpose of this study is to determine the polymorphism of GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 in control group and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma group of Korean, and to investigate the effect of GSTs polymorphism on the risk of head and neck cancer. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was performed with a group of 133 control individual and 136 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. The polymorphisms of GSTs were analysed using polymerase chain reaction in GSTM1 and GSTTl, and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in GSTP1. Results: The relative risk (odds ratio) of GSTM(-) genotype was 1.14(95% CI, 0.70-1.85) compared to GSTM1(+). The odds ratio of GSTTl(-) genotype was 0.91(95% CI, 0.55-1.50). In old age($65$) group, the odds ratio of GSTT1(-) genotype was 5.2(95% CI, 1.53-17.89). The GSTP1 Val/Val genotype conferred a 1.7-fold risk(95% CI, 0.40-7.34) of head and neck cancer compared with GSTP1 Ile/Ile genotype. Among the combined genotypes of GSTs, GSTM1(-)/GSTT1(+)/GSTP1 Val/Val and GSTM1(-)/GSTTl(-)/GSTP1 Ile/Val genotypes conferred a 2.6-fold and 1.3-fold risk(95% CI, 0.24-14.15 and 0.43-3.14) compared with the GSTM1(+)/GSTTl(+)/GSTP1 Ile/Ile genotype, respectively. Conclusion: Polymorphism of GSTs might modulate susceptibility to head and neck cancer in Korean population. The genotype of GSTP1 Val/Val and combined genotypes of GSTM1(-)/GSTT1(+)/GSTP1 Val/Val, and GSTM1(-)/GSTT1(-)/GSTP1 Ile/Val might be important risk factors to determine the individual susceptibility to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.