• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.456-463
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• 2018

With the development of weapon systems by mounting various sensors, it makes important to analyze the precise functioning of sensor to external environment. In the case of small arms with magnetic sensor, the malfunction of small arms might be caused by strong external magnetic fields. In this study, the effects of magnetic sensor on external magnetic fields were analyzed, and optimal magnetic shield and shield structure were designed through M&S. In addition, the magnetic-shielding effectiveness of magnetic sensor in small arms was verified with commercial shielding materials. As a result, it was demonstrated that the Fe-Cu-Si-Nd-B with the structure of multi-layer metallic shields was shown the magnetic-shielding effectiveness of 83 % for an external permanent magnet and 19 % for an alternating magnetic field of 180 dBpT at 60 Hz, respectively.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was to explore the perception about menstruation and discomforts of using disposable menstrual pads in menstruating women. Method: A survey was conducted of 132 menstrual women recruited by convenience sampling. Data were collected by a face-to-face interview and a study questionnaire, and analyzed by frequency and $X^2$-test. Result: More than half of the subjects expressed a negative perception about menstruation, while 25% expressed a mixed perception and 24.2% expressed a positive perception. Women who perceived their menstruation negatively had more menstrual pain than the others (p<.001). The most frequently experienced discomforts of using disposable pads were an unpleasant smell (18.9%), leakage (18.9%), and discomfort (16.6%). Adverse effects of using disposable pads were reported as an itching sense (23.1%). skin rash (20.2%), and skin irritation (10.6%). Alternate materials were reported with tampons, alternate washable pads, and maternity pads. Conclusion: The results indicate that disposable menstrual pads cause several discomforts and common adverse effects such as skin problems. To decrease these discomforts and relieve adverse effects, planned nursing education including women's personal hygiene methods and information about an alternate pad may be helpful.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.150-180
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• 1997

This article introduces the five functions of the national innovation system(NIS). As one of social systems in the national level, the five generic functions of open system - production, boundary spanning, maintenance, adaptation, management functions - are applied to the NIS. The production function is the primary process, which produces innovative products and services of the NIS. The boundary spanning function is the function of procuring input and disposing the innovation output or aiding in these processes. Experienced R&D human resources, R&D funds, technology etc. are some of the components of the input of the NIS. The maintenance function is responsible for maintaining smooth operation and upkeeping the system in terms of various conditions. The adaptation function is to help the system change and adapt, and scan the environment for problems, opportunites, and technological developments. It has outward orientation, from the long-term view for the survival of the system. The management function carries out planning and control of the overall activities for the other four functions in order to effectiving run the system as a whole. Finally, this article discusses implications of the diagnosis of the national innovation system and the decision making process of S&T policy.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.825-830
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• 2003

Structural changes during oxidation of anisotopic mesophase carbon fiber(AMCFs) have been observed with TEM and XRD. It was shown that the AMCFs are three dimensionally stacked structure of turbostratic layers, and are non-homogeneous structure which consist of the highly ordered areas and the random areas. The $d_{ 002}$, Lc, and La of AMCFs which were measured by XRD were 3.44, 146, and $135\AA$, respectively. It was observed that the oxidation initiated at the random areas, because the $d_{002}$ / decreased to the value of 3.41 $\AA$ during initial oxidation stage. It was also observed that the La of the oxidized AMCFs increased up to 182 $\AA$ during the whole oxidation process, and the $d_{002}$ of that increases up to 9.44 $\AA$ when the burn-off is over the degree of 20%. Therefore, it was suggested that the micro-crystalline grew up by heat treatment effects during the fibers were oxidized, In addition, it was shown that there was difference in the measured value of La by XRD and TEM, in case of 39% oxidized fibers for example, the measured La was $ 165\AA$ by XRD and in the range of 180∼220 $\AA$ by TEM.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the dispersion prediction of odor from swine farms in Korea. Gaussian Plume model used in considering of farm size, wind velocity, atmospheric stability and threshold odor unit to prediction of odor dispersion based on the survey on current state of odor emission and control from 48 site of swine farms. Farm size, wind velocity and atmospheric stability were affected the distance of odor dispersion, showed longer distance in cases of large farm, low wind velocity and stable atmospheric condition. We will suggestion the adjusted distance of odor dispersion according to farm size was estimated to 180 m in small farm and 320 m in large farm when apply the 3 OU, 5 m/s wind velocity and stable atmospheric condition.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.174-180
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• 2013

본 논문은 HMM 기반의 TTS 시스템을 위하여 상호유사도 비율을 이용한 결정트리 기반의 문맥 군집화 알고리즘을 제안한다. 기존의 알고리즘들은 유사한 통계적 특성을 가지는 문맥종속 HMM을 하나로 묶고 있다. 그러나 기존의 알고리즘들은 결정트리의 나누어진 노드간의 통계적 유사도를 고려하지 않음으로 인하여 최종 노드 사이의 통계적인 차이를 보장하지 못한다. 제안한 알고리즘은 분리된 노드들 간의 통계적 유사도를 최소화하여 모델 파라미터의 신뢰도를 향상시킨다. 실험 결과를 통해 제안한 알고리즘이 기존의 알고리즘들에 비해 우수한 성능을 나타낸다는 것을 확인할 수 있다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.168-180
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• 1989

This study was attempted to develop the electronic-hydraulic hitch control system for position control of tractor plow and investigate the control performance of the system through experiments. Experiments were carried out to investigate the responses of the system to the step and sinusoidal inputs in position control. The effects of control mode, hydraulic flow rate, reference deadband, and proportional constant on control performance of the system were investigated. The following conclusions were derived from the study; 1. For the position control system operated on on-off control mode, positions of implement were controlled within ${\pm}0.73^{\circ}{\sim}{\pm}1.46^{\circ}$ in rockshaft angle to the reference position when the hydraulic flow rates were 5~15 l/min. For the position control system operated on PWM control mode, positions of implement were controlled within ${\pm}0.73^{\circ}$ to the reference position regardless of hydraulic flow rates. It means that the implement could be positioned more accurately to the reference position on PWM control mode than on on-off control mode. 2. As results of the frequency responses of the position control systems, no clear difference in control performance between on-off control and PWM control modes was found. As the hydraulic flow rates increased, the corner frequencies of amplitude attenuation and phase-angle change increased. It means that the control performance of the system could be improved as the hydraulic flow rate increases.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.169-180
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• 2019

Grid codes for grid-connected inverters are essential considerations for bulk grid systems. In particular, a low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) function, which can contribute to the grid system's stabilization with the occurrence of voltage sag, is required by such inverters. However, when the grid voltage is under zero-voltage condition due to a grid accident, a zero-voltage ride-through (ZVRT) function is required. Grid-connected inverters typically have phase-locked loop (PLL) control to synchronize the phase of the grid voltage with that of the inverter output. In this study, the LVRT regulations of Germany, the United States, and Japan are analyzed. Then, three major PLL methods of grid-connected single-phase inverters, namely, notch filter-PLL, dq-PLL using an active power filter, and second-order generalized integrator-PLL, are reviewed. The proposed PLL method, which controls inverter output under ZVRT condition, is suggested. The proposed PLL operates better than the three major PLL methods under ZVRT condition in the simulation and experimental tests.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.180-194
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• 2021

For small image registration, feature-based approaches are likely to fail as feature detectors cannot detect enough feature points from low-resolution images. The classic FFT approach's prediction accuracy is high, but the registration time can be relatively long, about several seconds to register one image pair. To achieve real-time and high-precision rigid registration for small images, we apply deep neural networks for supervised rigid transformation prediction, which directly predicts the transformation parameters. We train deep registration models with rigidly transformed CIFAR-10 images and STL-10 images, and evaluate the generalization ability of deep registration models with transformed CIFAR-10 images, STL-10 images, and randomly generated images. Experimental results show that the deep registration models we propose can achieve comparable accuracy to the classic FFT approach for small CIFAR-10 images (32×32) and our LSTM registration model takes less than 1ms to register one pair of images. For moderate size STL-10 images (96×96), FFT significantly outperforms deep registration models in terms of accuracy but is also considerably slower. Our results suggest that deep registration models have competitive advantages over conventional approaches, at least for small images.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.149-159
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• 2000

Bee-venom Acupucture has good effect on pain control but We may be anxious about the problem of side-effect. Bee-venom components are composed of phospholipase $A_2$, hyaluronidase, melitin, apamin, MCD peptide, citrate and so on. Especially Apamin, MCD peptide and histamine cause severe reacting that is named Anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is a clinical syndrome characterized by the acute system reaction of multiple organ systems to an IgE-mediated immunologic mediator release in previously sensitized individuals. Respiratory and dermatologic manifestations are the most commonly expressed clinical features of anaphylaxis, and a majority of anaphylactic reactions initially appear to be localized to these two systems. Anaphylatic reaction of bee-venom are expressed clinically ulticaria, itching sensation, erythema, dizziness, nausea, hypotension and so on. Especially ulticaria and erythema are end points of increased vascular permeability and vasodilatation at the other extreme of the clinical spectrum, Gastrointestinal mucosal edema and smooth muscle contraction can result in cramping abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Therefore, we have observed anaphylatic reaction of bee-venom in 11 patients, who visited WonKwang University Kunpo Oriental Medical Center, treated bee venom. The results were summarized as follows : 1. The patient distribution ratio, in regard to sex, was shown to be 1 : 2.67 for male to females. In regard to age, it was shown that people in their 30's was the most predominant case, followed by people in their 20's, 30's, 50's and 60's, respectively. 2. When Anaphylaxis was occured, it was observed to abnormality of CBC, LFT, IgE, IgG. 3. In regard to patient condition, it was observed that fatigue was most frequent. 4. In regard to the number of times and quantity of bee venom inj., it was observed that anaphylaxis is most frequent at 7-10 times(1.6-2.0cc) 5. In regard to duration of reaction, it was observed that people in their l0min' was most frequent. In disappearing duration of anaphylaxic reaction, The results showed under 60min lcases(9%), 60-120min 7cases(64%) and 180-240min 3cases(27%). 6. In symptoms of anaphylaxis, The results showed hypotension 8cases(19%), itching sensation 7cases(16%), nausea 4cases(9%), erythema 4cases(9%) and dizziness 4cases(9%). In mentality, The results showed drowsy 8case(73%) and alert 3cases(27%). 7. Generally, patients were treated with Avil, Dexa IM and PDS, peniramine, cimetidine, Q-zyme per os after H/S, N/S inj. $O_2$ was supplied according to patient's symptom. In 1 severe case, Dopamine was iv injected.