• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.374-386
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• 2019

A process for nitrogen doping of TiO₂ ceramics was developed, whereby polycrystalline titania particles were prepared at 450-1000℃ with variation of the firing schedule under N₂ atmosphere. The effect of nitrogen doping on the polycrystallites was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman analysis. The microstructure of the TiO₂ ceramics changed with variation of the firing temperature and the firing atmosphere (N₂ or O₂). The microstructural changes in the nitrogen-doped TiO₂ ceramics were closely related to changes in the Raman spectra. Within the evaluated temperature range, the nitrogen-doped titania ceramics comprised anatase and/or rutile phases, similar to those of titania ceramics fired in air. Infiltration of nitrogen gas into the titania ceramics was analyzed by Raman spectroscopy and XRD analysis, showing a considerable change in the profiles of the N₂-doped TiO₂ ceramics compared with those of the TiO₂ ceramics fired under O₂ atmosphere. The nitrogen doping in the anatase phase may produce active sites for photocatalysis in the visible and ultraviolet regions.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권11호
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• pp.3767-3771
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• 2012

In this study, we investigate the potential use of $TiO_2@SiO_2$ and $ZnO@SiO_2$ core/shell nanoparticles (NPs) as effective UV shielding agent. In the typical synthesis, $SiO_2$ was coated over different types of $TiO_2$ (anatase and rutile) and ZnO by sol-gel method. The synthesized $TiO_2@SiO_2$ and $ZnO@SiO_2$ NPs were characterized by UV-Vis, XRD, SEM and TEM. The UV-vis absorbance and transmittance spectra of core@shell NPs showed an efficient blocking effect in the UV region and more than 90% transmittance in the visible region. XRD and SAED studies confirmed the formation of amorphous $SiO_2$ coated over the $TiO_2$ and ZnO NPs. The FESEM and TEM images shows that coating of $SiO_2$ over the surface of anatase, rutile $TiO_2$ and ZnO NPs resulted in the increase in particle size by ~30 nm. In order to study the UV light shielding capability of the samples, photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye on $TiO_2@SiO_2$ and $ZnO@SiO_2$ NPs was performed. Photocatalytic activity for both types of $TiO_2$ NPs was partially suppressed. In comparison, the photocatalytic activity of ZnO almost vanished after the $SiO_2$ coating.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.52-59
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• 2003

This study was progressed in photocatalysis of VOCs using $UV/TiO_2$ which was a benign process environmentally. The experiments were peformed to know photodegradation characteristics as crystalline structure of $TiO_2$ which had anatase, rutile and P-25 (anatase : rutile = 70 : 30). The main purpose of this study was to identify photocatalytic characteristics as inlet concentration of reactants, $H_2O$, and residence time. The inlet concentration of VOCs was changed 50, 100 and 200 ppmv, and amount of $H_2O$ was changed 0, 500 and $1000{\;}mg/m^3$, respectively. The deep conversion was increased as the inlet concentration decreased, and the amount of $H_2O$ increased. The deep conversion of benzene had the highest value at $1000{\;}mg/m^3${\;}H_2O$ and 50 ppmv of inlet concentration. The reactivity of reactants was decreased in order benzene > toluene > m-xylene. Also, the photocatalytic deep conversion was increased as residence time increased, because the contact time between reactants and catalyst was increased. In this study, intermediates had not found by GC/MSD analysis. Therefore, the reactants were completely converted to $H_2O{\;}and{\;}CO_2$.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2011

During the process of synthesis of $TiO_2$ powders using a high-speed planetary milling machine, Fe metallic powders were created which could be dissolved in sulfuric acid solution. With adding $NH_4OH$ solution to the $TiO_2$ powder, it was found that the crystal structure of the synthesized powder did not change and the crystal size decreased slightly. However, when the sulfur powder is mixed with $TiO_2$, the crystal structure of the MA powder was changed from anatase into rutile phase and its size decreased significantly which is in the order of nm in diameter. In case of mechanical alloying with $TiO_2$ powder only, the crystal structure of the powder was transformed into rutile phase and its size was greatly reduced into several nm. Because its size becomes fine, the energy band gap of its rutile phase is larger than that of bulk states (3.0eV).

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.290-298
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• 2009

본 논문에서 Fe-활성탄소 섬유(ACF)/$TiO_2$ 복합체 광촉매를 졸-겔 방법에 의하여 제조하였다. 합성된 광촉매는 UV조사하에서 MB용액의 광분해에 사용되었다. BET 데이터는 Fe와 Ti의 여러 가지 농도를 가지고 처리된 ACF의 표면에서 흡착 특성을 보여준다. SEM 사진에서 보여지는 것처럼, 철 혼합물과 $TiO_2$는 ACF 표면에 활착되어 있음을 나타내었다. X선 분말 회절법으로부터 얻어진 결과는 복합체로부터 FeO+$TiO_2$, Anatase 및 Rutile 구조의 결정상을 나타내었다. 원소분석을 위한 EDX spectra는 Fe와 함께 C, O, Ti의 peak들이 존재함을 나타내었다. MB 분해에 대한 활성은 $TiO_2$의 광분해와 Fe의 photo-Fenton 효과로 인해 전자/hole쌍 반응으로부터 파생된 -OH 라디칼들에 의한 것으로 여겨진다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.495-502
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 $TiO_2$ 입자를 얻을 수 있는 침전법을 이용하여 $TiO_2$ 입자를 제조하였다. $TiO_2$ 입자 제조시 사용되는 알콜 용매의 종류와 온도 변화 등의 매개변수가 $TiO_2$ 입자의 결정 구조, 입자의 크기 및 형태에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. $TiO_2$ 입자제조시 용매로 사용한 알콜 종류인 methyl alcohol, iso-propylalcohol, 그리고 tert-butylalcohol를 scanning electron microscope(SEM) 분석한 결과 iso-propylalcohol이 가장 좋은 결과를 가져왔다. 그리고 온도 변화를 열분석법을 사용한 결과 $200^{\circ}C$에서 $500^{\circ}C$까지는 아나타제 구조를 유지하였으나, $800^{\circ}C$에서는 루틸 구조로 전환되었다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.277-283
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• 1988

동결건조법에 의하여 $TiCl_4$로부터 아주 미세한 $TiO_2$ 분말을 합성하고, 상전이와 전기전도도를 논하였다. 동결건조법에 의하여 합성된 $TiO_2$ 분말의 anatase에서 rutile로의 상전이는 64$0^{\circ}C$에서 일어나 92$0^{\circ}C$에서 완전히 이루어졌다. 이러한 저온에서의 상전이는 미세한 분말과 비표면적에 기인한다. 전기전도도값으로 부터 얻은 활성화에너지값은 비교적 높은 1.63eV인데 이는 시편의 다공성 때문이다.

• 공업화학
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.785-789
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• 2005

$TiCl_4$와 염산수용액을 사용하여 균일침전반응으로 브루카이트상과 루틸상의 혼합상 $TiO_2$ 분말을 제조하여 분말특성을 조사하였다. 분석결과로부터 순수한 루틸상과 혼합상이 합성되기 위한 침전용액의 ${Cl^-}_{total}:Ti^{+4}$의 몰 비율이 제시되었다. 또한, 혼합상이 얻어지는 조건에서는 염산의 농도가 증가할수록 브루카이트상의 부피분율이 증가하였으며, 이 분말을 열처리한 결과 브루카이트상은 루틸상으로 직접 상변화하지 않고 $800^{\circ}{\sim}850^{\circ}C$에서 아나타제상으로 상전이한 후 $1000^{\circ}C$에서 최종적으로 안정한 루틸상으로 상변화되었다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.293-299
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• 2004

Transition metal ions doped $TiO_2$ nanostructured powders were prepared with simply heating aqueous $TiOCl_2$ solutions, contained various metal ions (Ni, Al, Fe, Zr, and Nb) of 1.47 mol% added as metal-chlorides, at $100^{\circ}C$ for 4 hrs by homogeneous precipitation process under suppressing conditions of water vaporization. The characterizations for prepared $TiO_2$ powders were carried out to observe doping of metal ions, their concentrations and microstructures using XRD, UV-VIS (DRS), XPS, SEM, TEM and ICP. Also, photo-oxidative abilities were evaluated by decomposition of 4-chlorophenol (4CP) under ultraviolet light irradiations. No secondary oxide phases were formed in all the $VTiO_2$ powders, showing doping with various transition metal ions. When adding ions ($Ni^{2+}$ or$ Al^{3+ }$ and $Zr^{4+}$ ) having valance states or ionic radii greatly different from those of $Ti^{4+}$ , the $TiO_2$ powders of mixed anatase and rutile phases were formed, whereas in the case of additions of $^Fe{3+ }$ and $Nb^{ 5+}$ as well as no addition of metal ion the powders with pure rutile phase alone were formed. Among the prepared $TiO_2$ powders, Ni$^{2+}$ doped $TiO_2$ powders, containing a small amount of anatase phase, showed excellent photo-oxidative ability in 4CP decomposition because of relative decreases in electron-hole recombination and poisoning of $TiO_2$ surface during the photoreaction.n.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.5 No.2
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• pp.861-864
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 Ta이 도핑된 $TiO_2$와 $Au/TiO_2$ nanocomposite 박막을 co-sputtering법으로 제작하였다. Ta-doped $TiO_2$ 박막은 금흥석(rutile)에서 아나타제 상으로 변하는 구조를 유도하는 고용체를 형성했다. $Au/TiO_2$ nanocomposite film의 경우에는, 지름이 약 15 nm인 Au particles들이 $TiO_2$ matrix에 균질하게 분포되었다. Ta가 도핑된 $TiO_2$ 전극과 $Au/TiO_2$ 나노 콤포사이트 전극의 anodic photocurrents가 UV뿐만 아니라 가시광선 영역에서도 관찰되었다. Ta이 도핑된 $TiO_2$ 전극과 $Au/TiO_2$ 나노 콤포사이트 사이의 가시광선 영역에서 photoresponse는 계면 상태로 부터의 bandgap의 감소와 전자의 photoexcitation 때문이다.