• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.84-96
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• 2020

The Republic of Korea (Korea) and the Russian Federation (Russia) are actualizing the cooperation in the Arctic area. As a result, Korean companies have begun to enjoy real economic benefits. However, since there are some troublesome aspects associated with this cooperation, measures that can lead to sustainable development through the supplementation of relevant norms are critical. Russia is also aware of these problems in obtaining economic benefits in the future; cooperation between the two countries should be extended to sufficiently cover this point. The laws related to the region are vague and do not encompass every field. In addition, when it comes to national interests, many situations arise from areas where international and national laws are not clearly harmonized. Therefore, efforts should be made to reflect the interests of both sides and to maintain economic benefits, in case Korea participates in Russia's development of the area, as well as for the legal foundation to reduce negative issues. The Korea-Russia Free Trade Agreement (FTA) negotiation is on the track for the purpose. The two governments should consider various tasks, such as harmonizing with the former FTAs and dealing with the domestic law in accordance with the new FTA. The two countries also have to conduct researches on the efficient use of the FTA and for the 'Sustainable Arctic Development'.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.345-351
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• 2011

Comparison of different morphological characteristics of bivalves is very useful for distinguishing species. Therefore, this study used a morphometric approach to document patterns of phenotypic change through the specimens of family Pinnidae inhabiting the bottom sediments at the coasts of An Thoi Archipelago (south-eastern Gulf of Thailand), in that way excluding intraspecific variations among different populations along a wide geographical range. It was revealed that individuals determined as Pinna trigonium separated from specimens of Pinna nigra and Atrina vexillum at high level, but P. nigra and A. vexillum were the single species A. vexillum, as it is assumed now. Also, it was found that both groups of P. trigonium individuals and A. vexillum specimens divided into tree subgroups unified the specimens with the similar morphometric parameters: small, medium and large within the populations, though there were no evident divisions into subgroups in the size distributions of the populations. In addition to the interspecific morphological variations, the species also showed significant intraspecific morphological variations even in the same population. Most probable reason for the appearance of the intraspecific morphological variations and division of all specimens into size-specific subgroups in the population is the fact that the growth of Pinnidae bivalves is not isometric.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.227-234
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• 2010

A comparative analysis of size and age structures of coastal subfossil shell assemblages of the shortnecked clam Ruditapes philippinarum from open and protected bays of Cheju Island (Korea) was carried out. On the whole, taking into account the damage of small fragile shells, size and age structures of the shell assemblages corresponded to the classical curve of bivalve population distribution when its mortality diminishes with age increase up to a certain threshold. It was found that shell samples from open bays of the western, southern and eastern coasts included shells of smaller and younger individuals (L ${\leq}$ 40 mm, ${\leq}$ 4 years) than samples from the eastern protected bay (L ${\leq}$ 54.5 mm, ${\leq}$ 6 years). Evidently, strong wave activity was the reason for a short life-span of the clams from the open areas. Growth was investigated retrospectively by annual growth rings on the shells. Growth rates of the clams from the various coasts of Cheju Island differed. However, growth rates of the clams from different biotopes at the same (eastern) side of the Island were similar. Shell height/length and width/length ratios statistically significantly increased with the clam age increase. Most likely, the reason for such shell shape alteration is that more conglobated individuals more survive being more energy-optimal than oblong specimens.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제33권
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• pp.263-286
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• 2013

Is this a right way in politics that attitude of Japanese scholars to separate Natsume Soseki from the expansionism of pre-war Japan to protect 'sanctity'? Nowadays, most Japanese scholars are regarded to share the desire that minimize the memory of the behavior of Japanese Imperialism in East Asia, such as Korea, China, etc. Furthermore, 'the desire to minimize' inescapably concluded in avoidance, concealment, at last the temptation of deliberate misleading. Until now, the controversy about the Natsume Soseki's travel to Korea and Manchuria has repeated in defence and criticism surrounding the self-awareness and recognition of others of Natsume Soseki, making the expression in a record of Natsume's travel as the subject of study, for example, the degrading expression about Chosun people and scorn for Chinese and Russian. This paper will investigate that Natsume's travel is the political practice which is combined with the desire for the empire, focusing on the political context in the action of journey of Natsume and its contents other than the expression itself.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.115-128
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• 2019

This article analyzes issues regarding the economic development of the arctic area with the aim of finding ways to help solve the problems and to support sustainable economic development of the arctic area. Some proposals are introduced for establishing a sound legal infrastructure of the Korea-Russia economic development of the arctic area. As Russia develops the Arctic area and the route through the Arctic area, Korea will gain the possibility of transportation efficiency, vitalization of international transaction, and finding new markets. Resource development in the North Pole is ongoing, with matching international transaction and economic benefits. To reflect the Korea-Russia interests and to sustain the effect, the legal infrastructure is inevitable. For example, it would be reinforced by pushing forward the Korea-Russia FTA. The legal infrastructure for economic cooperation of Korea and Russia has to reflect that 'the development of the Arctic area and making the route through the Arctic area' should increase the sustainability and vitality of international transaction. The legal infrastructure for economic benefits can also help mitigating non-economic arguments of international community such as the security risk in the Korean-peninsula and around the world.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2022

Halenia coreana is an endangered, endemic species that is distributed in only a few locations in Korea, such as Mts. Hwaaksan and Daeamsan. It has been recently segregated from H. corniculata, broadly distributed in cold temperate regions that include northern Japan, the Russian Far East, northeastern China, Mongolia, and eastern Europe, where population sizes are usually large. To examine the genetic diversity of H. coreana and evaluate the level of genetic differentiation of the species compared with that of H. corniculata, we surveyed 183 candidate simple sequence repeats (SSR) motif markers for H. coreana and H. corniculata from sequence data of amplified fragments of a specific length in the genome. A total of 17 genomic-SSR markers were selected to examine the levels of genetic diversity and differentiation using 17 samples of H. coreana and 60 samples of three populations of H. corniculata. The results here suggest that the genetic diversity of H. coreana is very low with a high frequency of inbreeding within its population. We found that H. coreana is genetically differentiated from H. corniculata, supporting the recognition of the geographically isolated H. coreana as a distinct species.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.48-48
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• 2022

Ethnobotany is an interdisciplinary science at the intersection of botany and ethnology. Currently, there is a sharply increasing need for the study and conservation of traditional knowledge about plants. The loss of traditional sources, knowledge, and practices in using plants is caused by the growth of technologies in all branches of production, widespread urbanization, and globalization of the economy. This study was been conducted to collect and analyze the Koryoins (Koryo saram) traditional ethnobotanical knowledge, living in Uzbekistan, whose number 174,200 people. They are the descendants of Korean immigrants to the Russian Far East, who ended up in Central Asia as a result of the forced resettlement in 1937. In the processing of collected data, four main categories of uses were defined - Alimentary, Medicinal, Household/Handicraft, and Others. For quantitative data analysis, synthetic indices were used - RFC (Relative Frequency of Citation) and CI (Cultural Importance Index), which are commonly applied to assess the importance of plants. The respondents mentioned 72 plants belonging to 28 botanical families. A significant part of them was cultivar plants. The category that had the largest number of plants mentioned by the respondents was the Alimentary use category (51). According to quantitative indices rates, the most important plants are traditionally used for food. A comparison of ethnobotanical knowledge was made with the collected data of this study and Korean traditional knowledge.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.135-156
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• 2010

알타이라는 명칭은 어족의 이름, 알타이 산맥 일대에 거주하는 민족의 이름 그리고 알타이어족의 사람들과 그들이 거주하는 지역의 이름 등 여러 가지로 쓰이면서도, 그것이 의미있는 단위인가를 둘러싼 논란이 계속되어 왔다. 이 논문에서는 알타이 어족의 분포 지역 전체를 포괄하는 주체가 형성되지 않았다는 데에 이러한 논란의 핵심적인 원인이 있다고 주장한다. 일각에서 주장하듯이, 알타이 문화권이라고 부를만한 문화적인 공통성과 역사적인 접촉이 있었을 수 있지만, 그것이 근대를 겪으면서 의미있는 단위인 민족으로 묶어지지 않았고 또 그러한 의식이 형성되지도 않았기에 문화적 유사성으로만 남게 된 것이다. 이는 한편으로 소비에트적인 근대화를 통한 종족 정체성의 재구성과 러시아, 중국 등 주변 강대국의 강력한 개입, 불교, 기독교등 외래 종교의 뒤늦은 전래 등의 요소가 복합적으로 작용한 결과이기도 하다. 그러나 알타이를 지역 연구의 단위로 설정하는 데 따르는 어려움은 이 지역에 특이한 현상만은 아니다. 이는 지역 설정이 물리적 환경에 따른 자연적인 경계 획정이 아니라, 문화정치적 관계에 따라 인위적으로 권력관계가 분배된 결과이기 때문이다. 따라서 알타이의 사례는 그 지역적 특수성에도 불구하고, 지역연구에서 지역을 균일한 "문화"를 지니는 것으로 미리 전제하는 것의 위험성을 알려주는 함축을 지닌다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.48-53
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• 2012

The tiger population that once inhabited the Korean peninsula was initially considered a unique subspecies (Panthera tigris coreensis), distinct from the Amur tiger of the Russian Far East (P. t. altaica). However, in the following decades, the population of P. t. coreensis was classified as P. t. altaica and hence forth the two populations have been considered the same subspecies. From an ecological point of view, the classification of the Korean tiger population as P. t. altaica is a plausible conclusion. Historically, there were no major dispersal barriers between the Korean peninsula and the habitat of Amur tigers in Far Eastern Russia and northeastern China that might prevent gene flow, especially for a large carnivore with long-distance dispersal abilities. However, there has yet to be a genetic study to confirm the subspecific status of the Korean tiger. Bone samples from four tigers originally caught in the Korean peninsula were collected from two museums in Japan and the United States. Eight mitochondrial gene fragments were sequenced and compared to previously published tiger subspecies' mtDNA sequences to assess the phylogenetic relationship of the Korean tiger. Three individuals shared an identical haplotype with the Amur tigers. One specimen grouped with Malayan tigers, perhaps due to misidentification or mislabeling of the sample. Our results support the conclusion that the Korean tiger should be classified as P. t. altaica, which has important implications for the conservation and reintroduction of Korean tigers.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.1-26
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• 2009

본 연구는 실질적인 동북아 생태네트워크 구축을 위한 추진 방안을 마련하기 위하여 이론적 모형을 제시하였고, 위성영상자료를 분석하여 체계적인 동북아 생태네트워크 분석 및 검증을 수행하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 동북아 생태네트워크 추진방안에 대한 정책적 사항을 제안하였다. 동북아 생태네트워크 분석 결과 한반도의 경우 일부 분산된 핵심지역들이 분포하고 있으며, 중국은 동불 3성 일부에만 핵심지역이 존재하였다. 극동 러시아의 경우 대부분이 핵심지역에 속하며 종에 대한 안정적 서식처로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 몽골의 경우 중국 동북 3성 지역과 연계되어 핵심지역이 존재하는 것으로 파악되었다. 본 연구에서 제안한 방안은 국가 수준을 넘어서는 생태네트워크의 개념을 동북아지역에 도입하기 위한 방안을 모색하기 위한 연구라고 할 수 있다. 또한 국가 수준을 넘어서는 국제 생태네트워크 구축 및 동북아 생태네트워크 구축을 위한 사례 검증을 제시하였으며, 향후 실제 추진과정에 있어 가이드라인으로 기능할 수 있도록 하였다. 앞으로 시계열 위성영상 및 환경관련 공간정보가 보다 많이 확보된다면 동북아 전체의 토지피복 및 식생에 대한 변화를 분석할 수 있으며, 동북아 생태네트워크 분석 및 구축에 보다 용이할 것이다.