• 한국조경학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect factors in suburban rural landscape and significant factors of apartment complex which are effective to the skyline of the sloped mountains. Also it is to propose the basic resources to preserve and improve the suburban rural landscape. The target site is Young-In, which shows the typical of rural development. Sides were take in young-In City along the roads and selected for 20 pieces. This study used questionnaire about the suburban rural landscape surveying of 45 students in Kyunghee Univ.. Also we found 2 dependent variables and 8 independent variables totally. Moreover, we have analyzed the data using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression method between the preference and physical factors, and between the vulnerability and perceptional factors. The results are as follows: 1) With the dependent variable of preference, the areas of "green space" and "agricultural productive lands" were highly influenced in the suburban rural landscape positively, but the areas of "apartment complex" and "other buildings" were negatively effected. 2) With the dependent variable vulnerability, the area "apartment complex" and cutting numbers of the "skyline of mountainous ridge" were proved as significantly positive factors, but the length of the "skyline of mountainous ridge" turned out to be a negative factor. Although this study has the difficulty to be generalized, it can be used for planning and designing of the apartment complex in suburban rural landscapes, and it will provide the basic guideline for preserving and managing of the suburban rural landscapes.uideline for preserving and managing of the suburban rural landscapes.

• 농촌계획
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.125-135
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• 2013

Analysis and evaluation of uncertainty is adopting the advanced methodology among the methods for greenhouse gas emission assessment that was defined in GPS2000 (Good practice guideline 2000) and GPG-LULUCF (GPG Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry). In 2006 IPCC guideline, two approaches are suggested to explain the uncertainty for each section with a national net emission and a prediction value on uncertainty as follows; 1) Spread sheet calculation based on the error propagation algorithm that was simplified with some assumptions, and 2) Monte carlo simulation that can be utilized in general purposes. There are few researches on the agricultural field including greenhouse gas emission that is generated from livestock and cultivation lands due to lack of information for statistic data, emission coefficient, and complicated emission formula. The main objective of this study is to suggest an evaluation method for the uncertainty of greenhouse gas emission in agricultural field by means of intercomparison of the prediction value on uncertainties which were estimated by spread sheet calculation and monte carlo simulation. A statistic analysis for probability density function for uncertainty of emission rate was carried out by targeting livestock intestinal fermentation, excrements treatment, and direct/indirect emission from agricultural lands and rice cultivation. It was suggested to minimize uncertainty by means of extraction of emission coefficient according to each targeting section.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2007

This study aims to propose directions of color-scape about fishing village and harbor in East coast. In order to offer better landscape in harbor; Namae and Sachun, such as regional atmosphere and identification are to analyze with color planning. For the quality of color-scape, natural color, regional color of harbor may be possible to work out future harbor surrounding by evaluation scale and then hue, value, chroma can be estimated systematically. This survey suggests that color of harbor is to be environmental and regional color control. We analyze that the color-scape planning through the both whole harmony and organic combination is important elements of satisfaction to the people of experience with color environments. Consequently, some proposal of color guideline by analysis of color simulation will be useful to make out preliminary design criteria in improvement of color.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.163-175
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• 2012

In spite of the ecological value of the DMZ, there have not been established guidelines for sustainable conservation and use on the DMZ and adjacent area. In this study we suggested a method about zoning the conservation and utilization area considering environmental data and the characteristic of the DMZ region, and we make the guideline for conservation of the DMZ region based on the zone. Using 10 legal protection areas, the Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map (ECVAM) and the boundaries of the DMZ region, we evaluated this region into conservation areas, management areas, and utilization areas. The results showed that as much as 91.8% of the DMZ region was evaluated as conservation areas, 6.9% as management areas, and 1.3% as utilization areas. After consultation with experts we suggested management principles, the direction, and the guideline based on the planning process considering the evaluation map. The study suggests principles and guidelines for management, and the guidelines could be a effective tool for the sustainable conservation and management strategy of DMZ region.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.55-71
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• 2018

To improve the ecological function of urban areas, the guideline for applying the Biotope Area Ratio to the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was developed in 2005 and modified in the July, 2017. This study investigates whether the guideline has been actually practiced in the real world by searching reports including 648 cases of the Strategic Environmental Impact Assessment (SEIA) and 471 cases of the EIA. The results show that the 38% of SEIA and the 43% of EIA include sections about Biotope Area Ratio, and the 15% of SEIA and the 25 % of EIA are satisfied the threshold of the Biotope Area Ratio suggested by the guideline. The statistical analysis results show that this low level of practice was not improved through the modification of the guideline in 2017. This is because the guideline is forcibleness, its explanation is unclear, and stockholders' understanding of it lacks. In addition, lack of tracking management on SEIA and EIA also contributes to the low level of practice of the guideline. To promote the practice, the efforts to legislate and publicize the guideline are required.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.86-96
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• 1997

The arrangement of small streams in rural area, in the past times, attached importance to the prevention of flood damage through the straightening and lining of streams. Recently, the way of small stream arrangement is introducing the idea of water friendly environment or friendly space. As a result, there has been much concern with water favorable river management model which may lead to control flood. However, it is very difficult to develop a model applicable to all types of rivers, since each river has different flow velocity, flow amount and unique ecological characteristics. In this study, photo processing technique, one of landscape simulation methods, has been adopted because it helps to visually express and comprehensively evaluate pre and post scenery and easily applicable. Some important guideline and technique for the planning of small stream landscape arrangement are mentioned in this study. The simulation system for acquiring water favorable space and arranging landscapes needs to develop database which can forecast various types of landscape. It may also be used for the bases of planning and designing river environment arrangement. Computer aided image processing system enables to make selective planning in river environment arrangement. It may also enables to develop the methods for river environment development, ecology conservation, and multipurpose space utilization. Moreover, it makes economic river arrangement by applying river environment arrangement methods relevant to geographical characteristics. There are some limitations in this study, such as shortage of exact investigation on the stream direction and velocity in landscape arrangement. Continuous monitoring and research may be required to develop techniques through the application of computer graphics and digital image processing.

• 농촌계획
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.67-80
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• 2011

This study was conducted to understand the distribution characteristics of old tree (protected tree) and propose the effective management plan for old tree to make hold a sustained function as natural and cultural resources in rural area. We surveyed 96 old trees at 69 farm villages in Yaesan-gun, South Chungcheong Province. The species of tree was investigated with Zelkova serrata, Ginkgo biloba, Quercus acutissima, Pinus densiflora, Celtis sinensis, and Juniperus cbinensis order. Most of them located at the inside (43.6%) and the entrance (35.1%) of a village, and at mountain slope (31.9%) and alluvial plain (25.3%) in terms of distribution topography. The existing place of pollution source was investigated with 61%, and the pollution sources were blocks, construction materials, cement packings, farm machines and living garbage. The place where the rates of bare ground were more than 50% for the root region of a protection tree was 63%. The tree surgical operation was investigated in 37.5% of protection trees, and 12.5% of protection trees were investigated with a tree surgical operation being immediately. The average score for health condition of old tree at study sites was 18.6 points. A monitoring class was divided by public monitor 59.3%, main monitor 38.5%, and dead tree 2.2% on the basis of that information. Hereafter, we will conduct to promote the management guideline and develope culture contents through additional investigation.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.103-118
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• 2008

University campuses, in Korea, experienced expansion during the 1970's and exceeded its capacity in the 1980's. On the other hand, universities needed to deal with increasing capacity and expansion of its facilities. This study is carried out in three steps : developing the factors of environmental friendly assessment, designing an assessment table based on specific categories, and applying the categories to the campus of Seoul National University. The assessment factors and assessment table were designed through a survey of experts in landscaping, architecture, and urban planning. The elements of major categories were classified as follows; 1) Management of land and accessibility, 2) Pollution and waste matter, 3) Energy, 4) Natural resources, 5) Operation, maintenance and management of environmental friendly campus. And, this study classified five major categories into twenty subcategories on the evaluation of the environmental friendly campus. The twenty subcategories include various fields such as architecture, landscape architecture, environment, urban design, and social sciences etc., profound studies at this line should make more precise assesment guidelines.

• 농촌계획
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.85-95
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• 2007

Hot springs development will be more activated with the five-day work week system than before. Nevertheless, investment and development achievement of hot springs has not resulted in a successful performance to foster townships, and this calls upon locals to build a guideline to develop hot springs. This study intends to analyze laws on hot springs, which influence mostly on the hot spring development, to gather up the information on the present state of the development, and to suggest considerations for further development plans. Features of the hot spring development are as follows: One is that metropolitan cities will discover hot spring resources more than small cities. Therefore the development will be twofold : one for resort tour and the other for one-day rest and recreation. In addition, Korean laws on hot springs are more site development-oriented to support tourism and recreation than to protect environment and discover unused resources. This makes hot spring development easier and efficient being supported by hot spring law, law on territory development and use, and tourism promotion law. On the other side, planned landscape trimming can be uniformized and unharmonized in terms of local identity and environment-friendliness. This is why careful considerations such as goods and bads of the local resources, local history and culture are needed in hot spring development. A long-term development project should include remodeling based on local identity and development trends. The third point indicates that Korean hot springs development has recorded relatively low performance due to difficult private capital attraction, and a high fence on land purchase and development approval. It is essential to release restrictions on the hot spring development-especially on those whose development performance has not been successful so that best practice can be supported by the government in remodeling and marketing. New plans on hot spring development should be also examined based on developer's capacity and local authorities' volition on the plan. Last point shows that most hot springs development plans have been designed only based on territory utilizing plan and facilities arrangement, not considering much on fund-raising, operational plan or feasibility analysis. Therefore the tourism promotion law should reinforce guidelines on tourist site approval system by supplementing criteria. At the same time, an education on tourism development planning is necessary to deepen developers' understanding, since most developers are experts more on city development, landscape architecture, designing, constructing and engineering than tourism development.

• 대기
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.413-424
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• 2013

Urban Heat Island (UHI) intensity is one of vital parameters in studying urban boundary layer meteorology as well as urban planning. Because the UHI intensity is defined as air temperature difference between urban and rural sites, an objective sites selection criterion is necessary for proper quantification of the spatial variations of the UHI intensity. This study quantified the UHI intensity and its spatial pattern, and then analyzed their connections with urban structure and metabolism in Seoul metropolitan area where many kinds of land use and land cover types coexist. In this study, screen-level temperature data in non-precipitation day conditions observed from 29 automatic weather stations (AWS) in Seoul were analyzed to delineate the characteristics of UHI. For quality control of the data, gap test, limit test, and step test based on guideline of World Meteorological Organization were conducted. After classifying all stations by their own local climatological properties, UHI intensity and diurnal temperature range (DTR) are calculated, and then their seasonal patterns are discussed. Maximum UHI intensity was $4.3^{\circ}C$ in autumn and minimum was $3.6^{\circ}C$ in spring. Maximum DTR appeared in autumn as $3.8^{\circ}C$, but minimum was $2.3^{\circ}C$ in summer. UHI intensity and DTR showed large variations with different local climate zones. Despite limited information on accuracy and exposure errors of the automatic weather stations, the observed data from AWS network represented theoretical UHI intensities with difference local climate zone in Seoul.