• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 1984년도 제26회 수공학연구발표회논문초록집
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• pp.109-112
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• 1984

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2000

Supposed construction of a large port in the mouth of Tuman River requires careful examination of possible unfavorable ecological consequences for the Far Eastern Federal Marine Reserve. Since the Tuman River is the largest source of suspended material and possible contaminants flowing into the sea, and in order to understand how this material is allocated in the coastal zone, analyses are needed to check possible pathways of water transport and circulation system in the region. Linearized shallow water equations were used for numerical simulation of the wind-driven circulation to the north off the Tuman River mouth. The model results satisfactorily agreed with in situ data. The model circulation patterns are largely dependent on the wind direction and are conformed by the distribution of bottom sediments, and by the location of organic carbon and some pollutants accumulation zones. The most unfavorable situation for the Marine Reserve is the case of the southwesterly wind; even with quite moderate wind, the waters polluted by the run-off from the Tuman River can attain the south section of the Marine Reserve during the diurnal period.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2011

기후지형학 관점에서 몽골의 지형환경은 대륙성 한랭-건조 지형의 대표성을 지니고 있다. 본 연구는 이곳 스텝지역의 지형환경 특색을 파악하려는 것이다. 이곳에서의 지표과정은 매우 역동적이다. 기온교차가 심한 한랭 환경임과 동시에 제한된 양이지만 동계강설로 공급되는 수분은 이곳을 서릿발작용에 의한 기계적 풍화가 강하게 진전되는 지역으로 만들고 있다. 이렇게 생성된 풍화물들은 하계 폭우시의 지표수와 봄철 바람작용에 의해 침식·제거되고 있다. 몽골 스텝지역의 사면들은 토층발달이 미약한 박토상태인데도 모든 사면에서 평활하게 펼쳐져 있다. 이는 풍화와 풍화물 침식이 균형을 이루는 모습이다. 몽골의 지형환경은 서릿발작용에 의한 풍화, 지표수와 바람에 의한 침식, 이들 모두가 활발하면서도 서로 균형을 이룬다는 특색을 지니고 있다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.52-59
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• 2022

Objective: To investigate whether the diagnostic performance of CT angiography (CTA) could be improved by modifying the conventional criterion (anastomosis site abnormality) to diagnose hepatic artery occlusion (HAO) after liver transplantation (LT) in suspected patients with Doppler ultrasound (US) abnormalities. Materials and Methods: One hundred thirty-four adult LT recipients (88 males and 46 females; mean age, 52.7 years) with suspected HAO on Doppler US (40 HAO and 94 non-HAO according to the reference standards) were included. We evaluated 1) abnormalities in the HA anastomosis, categorized as a cutoff, ≥ 50% stenosis at the anastomotic site, or diffuse stenosis at both graft and recipient sides around the anastomosis, and 2) abnormalities in the distal run-off, including invisibility or irregular, faint, and discontinuous enhancement. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of the conventional (considering anastomosis site abnormalities alone) and modified CTA criteria (abnormalities in both the anastomosis site and distal run-off) for the diagnosis of HAO were calculated and compared using the McNemar test. Results: By using the conventional criterion to diagnose HAO, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy were 100% (40/40), 74.5% (70/94), 62.5% (40/64), 100% (70/70), and 82.1% (110/134), respectively. The modified criterion for diagnosing HAO showed significantly increased specificity (93.6%, 88/94) and accuracy (93.3%, 125/134) compared to that with the conventional criterion (p = 0.001 and 0.002, respectively), although the sensitivity (92.5%, 37/40) decreased slightly without statistical significance (p = 0.250). Conclusion: The modified criterion considering abnormalities in both the anastomosis site and distal run-off improved the diagnostic performance of CTA for HAO in suspected patients with Doppler US abnormalities, particularly by increasing the specificity.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제77권3호
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• pp.269-275
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• 1988

황발산지(荒發山地)에서 야계수로(野溪水路)의 월류발생원인(越流發生原因)을 구명(究明)하기 위하여 1987년(年) 7월(月)3일(日)부터 7월(月)23일(日)까지 삼성천(三聖川)의 상류지역(上流地域)인 서울대학교(大學校) 부속(附屬) 관악수목원(冠岳樹木園)의 야계수로(野溪水路)를 대상(對象)으로 예상최대홍수류량(豫想最大洪水流量) 및 수로최대유출량(水路最大流出量)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 측정지점(測定地點)에서의 유역면적(流域面積)은 477ha로 설계유역면적(設計流域面積) 410ha의 116%였다. 2. 관측분석(觀測分析)된 최대강우강도(最大降雨强度)는 설계최대강우강도(設計最大降雨强度) 100mm/hr와 거의 같은 99.5mm/hr였다. 3. 실측(實測)한 유출계수(流出係數)는 0.672로 설계유출계수(設計流出係數) 0.35의 약 2배로 나타났다. 4. 예상최대홍수류량(豫想最大洪水流量)은 설계예상최대홍수류량(設計豫想最大洪水流量) $39.9m^3/sec$의 222%인$88.59m^3/sec$였다. 5. 수로횡단면적(水路橫斷面積)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果), 설계수로횡단면적(設計水路橫斷面積) $25.43m^2$의 68%인 $17.25m^2$을 얻었다. 6. 경심(徑深)은 0.94m로 설계경심(設計徑深) 1.28m 보다 작은 값을 나타내었다. 7. 평균계상(平均溪床)물매는 설계(設計)물매(1.00%)와 거의 같은 0.998%였다. 8. 수로최대평균유속(水路最大平均流速)은 2.87m/sec로 설계수로최대평균유속(設計水路最大平均流速) 3.68m/sec의 78%였다. 9. 수로최대유출용량(水路最大流出容量)을 산출(算出)한 바, 설계수로최대유출용량(設計水路最大流出容量) $93.58m^3/sec$의 53%인 $49.51m^3/sec$였다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집(II)
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• pp.857-862
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• 2002

철도차량의 주행장치는 비틀림 선로를 주행할 경우 윤중감소가 발생하게 되며 이 값은 모든 하중 조건 및 공기스프링의 충기/배기 상태에서 UIC/ORE 보고서에서 규정한 기준치 60% 이내를 준수하여야만 한다. 이 논문은 인도 DMRC 전동차를 대상으로 시험을 실시하여 DMRC 선로 중 최악의 조건에서 UIC / ORE 에서 규정하고 있는 차량의 윤중감소율( Wheel Off-loading)의 기준을 만족하는 지에 대한 평가한 것을 기술하였다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.407-417
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• 2011

Nowadays, the high land use, mainly used for urbanization, is affecting runoff loads of non-point pollutants to increase. According to this fact, increasing runoff loads seems like to appear that it contributes to high ratio of pollution loads in the whole the pollution loads and that this non-point source is the main cause of water becoming worse quality. Especially, concentrated pollutants on the impermeable roads run off to the public water bodies. Also the coefficient of runoff from roads is high with a fast velocity of runoff, which ends up with consequence that a lot of pollutants runoff happens when it is raining. Therefore it is very important project to evaluate the quantity of pollutant loads. In this study, I computed the pollutant loadings depending on time and rainfall to analyze characteristics of runoff while first flush storm water and evaluated the runoff time while first flush storm water and rainfall based on the change in curves on the graph. I also computed contribution ratio to identify its impact on water quality of stream. I realized that the management and treatment of first flush storm water effluents is very important for the management of road's non-point source pollutants because runoff loads of non-point source pollution are over the 80% of whole loads of stream. Also according to the evaluation of runoff loads of first flush storm water for SS, run off time was shown under the 30 minute and rainfall was shown under the 5mm which is less than 20% of whole rainfall. These are under 5mm which is regarded amount of first flush storm water by the Ministry of Environment and it is judged to be because run off by rainfall is very fast on impermeable roads. Also, run off time and rainfall of BOD is higher than SS. Therefore I realized that the management of non-point source should be managed and done differently depending on each material. Finally, the contribution ratio of pollutants loads by rainfall-runoff was shown SS 12.7%, BOD 12.7%, COD 15.9%, T-N 4.9%, T-P 8.9%, however, the pollutants loads flowing into the steam was shown 4.4%. This represents that the concentration of non-point pollutants is relatively higher and we should find the methodical management and should be concerned about non-point source for improvement on water quality of streams.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.71-81
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• 1989

Soil erosion was investigated to find out difference in amount of soil eroded from slope land at early stage of young grasses and at later stage with sufficient cover with different slopes. The six experimental plots were formed on 8$^{\circ}$, 10$^{\circ}$, 15$^{\circ}$, 20$^{\circ}$, and 25$^{\circ}$, with 2m width and 20m length located at the Hwak Kok Ri, Chun Sung Gun, Kang Weon Do. The amount of soil eroded and run-off were collected from 1. May 1987. to 30. October 1988, growing with grasses sowed 2. September 1987. The results were as follows : 1. The amount of soil eroded from the plots except 8$^{\circ}$ plot exceeded the allowable soil erosion with 14 ton/ha during the land formuing before establishment of sufficient surface cover with grasses. Therefore, proper soil conservation practice should be recommeneed. 2. The amount of soil eroded increased exponentially with increased slope as 1.24 times for 15$^{\circ}$1.65 times for 20*, and 2.94 times for 25$^{\circ}$, m comparing with standared 10$^{\circ}$ polt. 3. The erosion occurred mainly by high density of rainfall exceeding lOOmm as consecutive precipitation during the raining peried or accompanied by typhoon passing. 4. The significant soil erosion, when the land covering ratio was over 95% after seeding of grass, was recorded only by the single continuous storms over lOOmm of concentrated precpitation, of which amounts were 1/73~/250 of the allowable soil erosion. 5. The amount of soil erosion from the plots with sufficient surface cover with grasses increased as the slope increased however the amounts were small enough to be neglected. 6. Desolation by soil erosion would be minor problem up to the slope of 20$^{\circ}$ when the mountainous area developed to the grassland with sufficient cover. But it could be concerned on the turn to the hare land by the treading of livestocks with the land slope over 25$^{\circ}$. 7. The run-off of rainfall increased by the increament of slope but it was not exponentially increased. 8. The run-off of rainfall after seeding of grass reduced by 20% in comparison with the run-off of rainfall before seeding, which might be due to infiltration of rainfall promoted by the grass roots.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.40-48
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• 1983

Nowadays electromagnetic contactors are used for power on-off in various electrical loads. If the severe arc are occurred when power off, the magnetic contactor can not long run because of damage of contactor. In this paper, Authors indicate a method of how to minimize the arc when power off, Authors contrived a electronic circuit which can adjust the demagnetizing point of electro magnetic contactor, and control the demagnetizing point, utilizing our circuit, so as to occur the extinguish of arc at near the AC current zero point which is indispensibly exists. From the results of study, Authors could get confirmations the AC circuit could cut off with occurrence of mininum arc, and that possibility of extensive utilization of our method to hightension circuit.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.595-602
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• 2011

The long jump motion of 8 finalist of men's long jump of IAAF World Championships Daegu 2011 were analysed and the kinematic characteristics of the technique were investigated. The kinematic characteristics of long jump motion of 8 finalist were as follows. In the run-up phase, the average length of 3, 2, and 1 stride were $2.21{\pm}0.08$ m, $2.46{\pm}0.18$ m, and $2.19{\pm}0.16$ m, respectively. The change in the height of the center of gravity was $0.09{\pm}0.02$ m. The average velocity of 3, 2, and 1 stride was $10.37{\pm}0.32$ m/s, $9.63{\pm}0.32$ m/s, and $10.69{\pm}10.69$ m/s, respectively. In the take-off phase, the horizontal velocity, the vertical velocity, the reduction of horizontal velocity was $9.00{\pm}0.37$ m/s, $3.04{\pm}0.27$ m/s, and $1.69{\pm}0.34$ m/s, respectively. The minimum knee angle and the take off angle was $157{\pm}6.57^{\circ}$ and $18.5{\pm}2.24^{\circ}$, respectively. In the flight phase, the flight time and the maximum height of the center of gravity was $0.82{\pm}0.05$ s, and $1.70{\pm}0.10$ m, respectively. In the landing phase, the landing length was $0.51{\pm}0.06$ m. The body angle, the knee angle, and the hip angle was $71{\pm}20.93^{\circ}$, $136{\pm}19.19^{\circ}$, and $85{\pm}9.58^{\circ}$, respectively. The kinematic characteristics of long jump motion with good record were shown as follows. The reduction of the horizontal velocity in the take-off phase was minimized while the velocity of the run-up were maximally maintained. The vertical velocity in the take-off phase was increased with rapidly extended knee and the high center of gravity.