• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.84-93
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• 2013

목적: 저자들은 회전근 개 파열 중 층간 분리 파열의 새로운 수술 방법인 층상 교량형 봉합술을 고안하고, 이 수술법을 이용하여 치료한 환자들의 임상 결과와 회전근 개 치유 정도에 대해 전향적으로 연구하였다. 대상 및 방법: 회전근 개 전층 파열로 층상 교량형 봉합술을 이용하여 수술한 환자 66명(67예)을 대상으로 하였다. 평균 추시 기간은 33개월이었으며, 임상적 결과의 평가는 수술 전과 수술 후 KSS점수, UCLA점수, ASES점수를 이용하였고, 수술 후 6개월째 자기공명영상 검사를 촬영하였다. 결과: KSS점수, UCLA점수, ASES점수는 각각 54.4점에서 90.7점, 15점에서 31.3점, 50.2점에서 92.3점으로 큰 호전을 보였다. 수술 후 6개월째 자기공명영상 검사를 추적 관찰한 38명의 환자에서 92%의 높은 비율의 해부학적 치유를 보였으며, 재파열(IV, V단계)의 비율은 7.9%였다. 결론: 회전근 개 전층 파열 환자 중 층간 분리 파열의 경우 관절경적 층상 교량형 봉합술을 이용한 수술시 해부학적으로 회전근 개의 우수한 치유 결과를 얻었으며, 임상적, 기능적으로도 우수한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2005

회전근 개 부전층 파열은 임상적으로 잘 알려진 질환이지만 이에 대한 수술적 치료 원칙은 명확히 정립되어 있지 않다. 파열된 회전근 개에 대한 치료법은 단순 변연절제술에서 견봉하 감압술과 퇴행성 파열 부위의 절제 및 봉합술까지 여러 가지 방법이 추천되고 있다. 수술은 관혈적 혹은 소 절개, 관절경적 술식을 시행할 수 있다. 관혈적과 관절경적 방법의 장단점에 따른 치료 방법을 결정할 때 정밀성과 이환률을 고려한다면 비슷한 위치를 가진다. 회전근 개 질환의 이환 정도를 결정할 때 관절면과 점액낭면 양쪽의 회전근 개를 관찰하고 치료 방침을 결정하여야 한다 때때로 파열이 이차적으로 발생할 수 있으므로 일차적인 병인을 고려하는 것이 중요하다. 부전층 파열은 일차적인 원인을 치료해야 하지만 심한 부전층 파열이 있는 경우는 관절경적 혹은 관혈적 방법으로 퇴행성 병변이 있는 회전근 개를 치료해야 좋은 치료 결과를 얻을 수 있다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2017

Background: Patients after rotator cuff (RC) surgery experienced pain, weakness and limited of motion of the shoulder. Physical therapists have used heat therapy, electrotherapy, range of motion (ROM) exercise and other methods to treat patients after RC surgery. In addition, functional taping is also used to support joint movement and to increase shoulder joint stability. Objects: The purpose of this study was to determine the initial effects of functional taping using non-elastic tape on pain, strength and ROM of the shoulder following RC surgery. Methods: Forty-eight patients with who underwent RC surgery volunteered for this study. The subjects were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG, $n_1=25$) and a control group (CG, $n_2=23$). First, non-allergic tape was applied to the shoulder to prevent skin irritation. The EG applied functional taping using non-elastic tape and the CG applied sham taping using elastic tape. Assessment tools included the shoulder pain and disability index for functional activity score, visual analog scale for level of pain, shoulder muscle strength, hand grip strength and ROM testing. Results: Pain score in the both group significantly decreased (p<.05), and change in pain score of in the EG increased significantly than in the CG (p<.05). Shoulder strength and ROM in the both group significantly increased (p<.05). Especially external rotation and extension of the shoulder ROM in the EG increased significantly more than in the CG (p<.05), but the rate of change in the two groups showed no significant difference. Conclusion: These results suggest that functional taping using non-elastic tape was initially effective in decreasing pain score level in patients with RC surgery.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.3-14
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• 2018

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) stimulates cell proliferation and enhances matrix gene expression and synthesis. However, there have been no comparative study of the PRP effect on the normal and degenerative tenocytes. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of PRP on tenocytes from normal and degenerative tendon. Methods: Tendon tissues were obtained from patients undergoing arthroscopic repair (n=9) and from healthy donors (n=3). Tenocytes were cultured with 10% (vol/vol) platelet-poor plasma, PRP activated with calcium, and PRP activated with calcium and thrombin. The total cell number was assessed at days 7 and 14. The expressions of type I and III collagen, decorin, tenascin-C, and scleraxis were evaluated by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The total collagen and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis was evaluated at days 7 and 14. Results: No differences were observed between the groups at day 7, but cell proliferation was remarkably increased in tenocytes from the degenerative tendon at day 14. In both tenocyte groups, the gene expressions of type I and III collagen were up-regulated. GAG synthesis was greater in the normal tendon, whereas the expressions of decorin and tenascin-C were increased in tenocytes from the degenerative tendon. Tenocytes from the degenerative tendon had higher fold-change of GAG synthesis and a lower collagen III/I ratio than normal tenocytes. Conclusions: PRP promoted the cell proliferation and enhanced the synthesis of tendon matrix in both groups. PRP has a greater positive effect on cell proliferation, matrix gene expression and synthesis in tenocytes from degenerative tendon.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.112-120
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• 2022

Background: The prognostic factors for patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tears (RCTs) include tear size, muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration. However, the influence of early coexisting degenerative changes on RCT outcomes is unappreciated. The purpose of this study was to calculate the impact that pre-existing partial glenohumeral cartilaginous changes have on patients undergoing arthroscopic RCT repair. Methods: A study of 54 patients undergoing arthroscopic RCT repair was undertaken. The presence of co-existing patches of glenohumeral degenerative cartilaginous changes and RCT size was recorded at surgery. Pre- and postoperative outcomes were assessed using traditional (Oxford Shoulder Score [OSS], 5-level EuroQol-5D [EQ-5D-5L] questionnaire and EuroQol visual analog scale [EQ-VAS]) and patient-centric re-formatted prisms. Outcomes were assessed as an entire dataset, and sub-group analysis was performed according to the grade of co-existing arthritis and tear size. Results: Significant improvements (p<0.05) in clinical outcomes were recognized when assessed using either the traditional or reformatted prisms (average % improvements in OSS, EQ-5D-5L and EQ-VAS were 47%, 33% and 43%, respectively; average improvements in pain, function, and psychological well-being were 48%, 33% and, 29%, respectively). Positive gain was noted in all sub-groups of arthritic grading and tear size. Conclusions: Good clinical outcomes can be achieved following RCT repair even in the presence of local partial degenerative cartilage changes and advancing tear size. These benefits are patient-centered but require RCT repairability.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.406-415
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• 2023

Background: Surgical management of a massive rotator cuff tear (RCT) is always challenging. This study describes the clinical and radiological outcomes of patients who underwent bridging grafts using a plantaris tendon for an irreparable RCT. Methods: Thirteen patients with a massive RCT were treated with arthroscopic interposition of a folded plantaris tendon autograft between June 2017 and January 2020. For clinical evaluation, a visual analog scale (VAS), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score, Constant-Murley score, and range of motion values were collected. For radiographic evaluation, standardized magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography were performed to check the integrity of the interposed tendon. Results: A statistically significant improvement at the final follow-up was evident in scores for the VAS (-3.0, P=0.003), ASES (24.9, P=0.002), D ASH (-20.6, P=0.001), and Constant-Murley values (14.2, P=0.010). In addition, significant improvement was shown in postoperative flexion (17.3°, P=0.026) and external rotation (27.7°, P<0.001). In postoperative radiologic evaluations, the interposed tendons were intact at the last examination in 12 of the 13 patients. No complications related to donor sites were reported. Conclusions: An arthroscopic bridging graft for irreparable RCTs using a modified Mason-Allen stitch and a plantaris autograft resulted in improved short-term radiological and clinical outcomes. Graft integrity was maintained for up to 2 years in most patients. Level of evidence: IV.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.24-31
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• 2007

목적: 견관절 유착성 관절 낭염으로 진단된 환자들에서 회전근 개 병변의 동반 정도를 자기 공명 관절 조영술(magnetic resonance arthrography, MRA) 및 초음파 (ultrasonography, USG)를 이용해 평가해 보았으며, 검사 소견에 있어서 MRA 및 USG의 차이점을 알아보았다. 대상 및 방법: 2005년 6월부터 12월까지 견관절 유착성 관절 낭염으로 진단한 연속된 80명의 환자를 대상으로 전향적 연구를 시행하였다. 무작위로 나누어 MRA 혹은 USG를 시행하였으며, 견관절 유착성 관절 낭염 환자에서 극상근을 중심으로 한 회전근 개 병변의 동반 정도를 조사하였다. 결과: 여섯 예(MRA 4, USG 2, 8%)에서 극상근에 소규모(1cm 이하)의 전층 파열을 보였으며 극상근의 부분 파열은 21예(MRA 12, USG 9, 26%)에서 관찰되었다. 뿐만 아니라 극상근의 건 병증(tendinopathy)이 15예(MRA 7, USG 8, 19%)에서 관찰되어, 총 42예(53%)에서 극상근 병변을 동반하고 있었다(MRA 23, 68% USG 19, 41%). 견갑하근의 부분 파열을 동반한 경우는 9예(MRA 6, USG 3, 11%)로 관찰되었다. 두 군간 극상근 병변의 동반 정도에 유의한 차이는 없었다(p>0.5). 결론: 견관절 유착성 관절 낭염 환자들을 대상으로 하여 시행한 MRA 또는 USG검사 상, 약 반 수(53%)의 환자들에서 극상근의 병변이 동반된 소견을 보였다. 유의한 차이는 없었으나, USG군 보다 MRA군에서 다소 높은 회전근 개 병변의 동반소견을 보였으며 이는 MRA가 USG보다 해상도가 더 뛰어 난 데서 기인한 것으로 생각된다.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.302-305
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• 2023

The authors present a case of transient postoperative inferior subluxation of the shoulder after arthroscopic surgical stabilization for recurrent anterior dislocation. The patient was a 61-year-old woman with myasthenia gravis (MG). The first anterior shoulder dislocation occurred because of a fall to the ground. Despite a successful closed reduction, two more dislocations occurred in 3 weeks. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an anterior labroligamentous periosteal sleeve avulsion (ALPSA) lesion, an engaging Hill-Sachs lesion, and large tears of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons. The patient underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and ALPSA repair with a remplissage procedure. Intraoperatively, no tendency for instability was found; however, a widened glenohumeral joint space and inferior subluxation of the humeral head without functional compromise was observed on the day after surgery and disappeared spontaneously on radiographs 2 weeks later. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report documenting the occurrence of transient postoperative inferior subluxation of the shoulder in a patient with MG.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.68-72
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• 2006

Purpose: To demonstrate arthroscopically the presence of bilateral shoulder "mirror lesions" due to overhead work. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in a historical cohort of 10 male tire plant workers who underwent MRI studies of both shoulders. Bilateral intraarticular shoulder pathology was diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging and confirmed by arthroscopy. "Mirror lesions" were defined as similar pathology between an individual patient's two shoulders. Results: We report on ten patients who had bilateral "mirror lesions." The most common mirror lesions were tears of the rotator cuff. Most patients (7 of 10) had more than one mirror lesion in their shoulders. There were two bilateral full thickness tears involving the supraspinatus and infraspinatus, four bilateral partial thickness supraspinatus tears, six bilateral partial or upper corner lesion complete subscapularis tears, and one bilateral complete supraspinatus tear. Conclusion: Occupational overhead work with simultaneous use of both arms is associated with bilateral shoulder lesions verified by arthroscopy. By demonstrating the work-related bilateral shoulder involvement, this study suggests an etiopathogenesis for these lesions and provides rational for developing worksite prevention strategies.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.186-191
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• 2018

Background: To determine the normal range of humeral head positioning on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: We selected normal subjects (64 patients; group A) to study the normal range of humeral head positioning on the glenoid by MRI measurements. To compare the MRI measurement method with the computed tomography (CT), we selected group B (70 patients) who underwent both MRI and CT. We measured the humeral-scapular alignment (HSA) and the humeral-glenoid alignment (HGA). Results: The HSA in the control group was $1.47{\pm}1.05mm$, and the HGA with and without reconstruction were $1.15{\pm}0.65mm$ and $1.03{\pm}0.59mm$, respectively, on MRI. In the test group, HSA was $2.67{\pm}1.47mm$ and HGA with and without reconstruction was $1.58{\pm}1.16mm$ and $1.49{\pm}1.08mm$, on MRI. On CT, the HSA was $1.72{\pm}1.01mm$, and HGA with and without reconstruction were $1.54{\pm}0.96mm$ and $1.59{\pm}0.93mm$, respectively. HSA was significantly different according to image modality (p=0.0006), but HGA was not significantly different regardless of reconstruction (p=0.8836 and 0.9234). Conclusions: Although additional CT scans can be taken to measure decentering in patients with rotator cuff tears, reliable measurements can be obtained with MRI alone. When using MRI, it is better to use HGA, which is a more reliable measurement value based on the comparison with CT measurement (study design: Study of Diagnostic Test; Level of evidence II).