• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.640-650
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• 1998

Pumping performances of a helical molecular drag dump(MDP) and of a radial MDPs are numerically analyzed by using the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. A helical- and radial-MDP have rotating pumping channels cut on a cylinder and on a disk, respectively. For a helical MDP, the present results agree quantitatively with the previously known numerical results. For radial MDPs, both of the Type 1 (having pumping channels cut on the stationary disk) and of the Type 2 (having pumping channels cut on the rotating disk) are analyzed to predict their performances for various parameters, i.e., the radius of curvature center of the channel wall, the depth of the channel, the clearance between housing and disk, and the rotating speed. The results show that the performance of the Type 2 is superior to that of the Type 1, and that for all types the pumping efficiency decreases as the clearance increases. Also, the radial type MDP has larger leakage losses in the direction of pumping channel than does the helical one.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.530-537
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• 2008

This paper describes the results of a study on the tracking performance of outdoor insulating materials based on the rotating wheel dip test(RWDT). And, the influence of surface degradation was evaluated through such as measurement of the flashover voltage after and before tracking test, also aspects of surface degradation using scanning electron microscopy. The time to tracking breakdown of treated filled specimen is longer than untreated filled specimen. And, after the RWDT, the surface of specimen by adding untreated filler appeared heavy erosion. It was found that the addition to surface treated filler, the better tracking resistance. In the RWDT, the breakdown specimen is not affected by the dry flashover voltage, despite the fact that the surface degradation of tracking test has different state on each specimen. This suggests that wet flashover voltage play an important role in evaluating of tracking and erosion on the surface degradation in tracking test. And, the flashover voltage of specimen under wet conditions are greatly affected by the salt concentration and degree of degradation by the RWDT Because of hydrophobicity and degree of degradation by the RWDT, the flashover voltage of treated filled specimen is higher than that of untreated filled specimen. Different types of specimen may have different hydrophobicity and their surface state under contaminated conditions may not be the same.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.1731-1740
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• 1995

Experimental investigations have been made to study the double-diffusive nature of convection of an initially stratified salt-water solution due to heating from below in a rotating cylindrical cavity. The objective is to examine the flow phenomena and the heat transfer characteristics according to the changes in temperature gradient, concentration gradient and rotating velocity of cavity. Thermal and solutal boundary conditions at side wall are adiabatic and impermeable, respectively. The top and bottom plate are maintained each at constant temperature and concentration. The cavity is put into a state of solid body rotation. Like the stationary case, the types of initially-formed flow pattern are classified into three regimes depending on the effective Rayleigh number and Taylor number; stagnant flow regime, single mixed-layer flow regime and successively formed multi-mixed layer flow regime. At the same effective Rayleigh number, the number of initially-formed mixed layer and its growth rate decrease as the effect of rotation increases. The temperature and concentration profiles are both uniform in each layer due to convective mixing in the layered-flow regime, but look both liner in stagnant flow regime and single mixed-layer flow regime. At the interface between adjacent layers, the temperature changes smoothly but the concentration changes rapidly.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.2744-2751
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• 1996

In case of limited power supply, a rotating shaft system may not reach its operating speed that is greater than its critical speed, but the speed oscillates with small ampllitude near critical speed. As a result, it is considered that the operating mode plays an important role in the smooth start of machines. In order to investigate the dynamic behaviors of the rotating shaft system at the beginning stage, one has derived the equations of motion whose degrees of freedom is three, two translations and one rotation. The simultaneous differential equations are numerically solved by using runge-Kutta method, and thus the small time step length could be required corresponding to the stability of solution. Three types of operating modes dependent upon the driving torque rate have been numerically investigated according to the maximum displacement of shaft center. The first type of relation is linear, the second type is composed of two linear curves recommended by machine manufacturer, and the last one is the proposed torque curve reflecting the frequency response curve of one degree of freedom system. For the second type of modes, it is found that the optimal range of intermediate speed to the critical speed lies between 0.8 and 0.9. In addition to that, the maximum displacement can be reduced more if the third type of mode is utilized.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.367-376
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• 2022

Theoretical study of vibration distinctiveness of rotating cylindrical are examined for three volume fraction laws viz.: polynomial, exponential and trigonometric. These laws control functionally graded material composition in the shell radius direction. Functionally graded materials are controlled from two or more materials. In practice functionally graded material comprised of two constituent materials is used to form a cylindrical shell. For the current shell problem stainless steel and nickel are used for the shell structure. A functionally graded cylindrical shell is sanctioned into two types by interchanging order of constituent materials from inner and outer side for Type I and Type II cylindrical shell arrangement. Fabric composition of a functionally graded material in a shell thickness direction is controlled by volume fraction law. Variation of power law exponent brings change in frequency values. Influence of this physical change is investigated to evade future complications. This procedure is capable to cater any boundary condition by changing the axial wave number. But for simplicity, numerical results have been evaluated for clamped- simply supported rotating cylindrical shells. It has been observed from these results that shell frequency is bifurcated into two parts: one is related to the backward wave and other with forward wave. It is concluded that the value of backward frequency is some bit higher than that forward frequency. Influence of volume fraction laws have been examined on shell frequencies. Backward and forward frequency curves for a volume fraction law are upper than those related to two other volume fraction laws. The results generated furnish the evidence regarding applicability of present shell model and also verified by earlier published literature.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.425-430
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• 2015

This paper is a study to improve the classification efficiency of rotating objects by using deep neural networks to which a deep learning algorithm was applied. For the classification experiment of rotating objects, COIL-20 is used as data and total 3 types of classifiers are compared and analyzed. 3 types of classifiers used in the study include PCA classifier to derive a feature value while reducing the dimension of data by using Principal Component Analysis and classify by using euclidean distance, MLP classifier of the way of reducing the error energy by using error back-propagation algorithm and finally, deep learning applied DBN classifier of the way of increasing the probability of observing learning data through pre-training and reducing the error energy through fine-tuning. In order to identify the structure-specific error rate of the deep neural networks, the experiment is carried out while changing the number of hidden layers and number of hidden neurons. The classifier using DBN showed the lowest error rate. Its structure of deep neural networks with 2 hidden layers showed a high recognition rate by moving parameters to a location helpful for recognition.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2015

Geothermal energy is used in various types, such as power generation, direct use, and geothermal heat pumps. Geothermal energy with high temperature have been used for power generation for more than a century. The purpose of the study is to investigate flow and electricity power characteristics of hydraulic turbine for power generation of geothermal heat pump type with closed-system. The differences between the four types of hydraulic turbine, are different from the blade shape, volume, angle and etc. In case of prototype(1), pressure at blade was reduced to 2.1 bar, the kinetic energy of blade increased by increasing flow velocity(4.1 m/s). The increase of flow velocity at the blade edge markedly appeared, to increase the kinetic energy of the rotating shaft. In case that gateway in hydraulic turbine was installed, operating torque and RPM(1,080) of the rotating shaft increased respectively. Although rotational speed of prototype(2) compared to prototype(1) was reduced, the power generation capacity was greater about 3.4 times to 97 W. The most power of 255W was generated from prototype (4).

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.53-64
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• 2020

This paper discusses the hydrodynamic characteristics of a catamaran at low speed. In this study, the Delft 372 catamaran model was selected as the target hull to analyze the hydrodynamic characteristics by using the RANS (Reynold-Averaged Navier-Stokes) numerical method. First, the turbulence study and mesh independent study were conducted to select the appropriate method for numerical calculation. The numerical method for the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) calculation was verified by comparing the hydrodynamic force with that obtained experimentally at high speed condition and it rendered a good agreement. Second, the virtual captive model test for a catamaran at low speed was conducted using the verified method. The drift test with drift angle 0-180 degrees was performed and the resulting hydrodynamic forces were compared with the trends of other ship types. Also, the pure rotating test and yaw rotating test proposed by Takashina, (1986) were conducted. The Fourier coefficients obtained from the measured hydrodynamic force were compared with those of other ship types. Conversely, pure sway test and pure yaw test also were simulated to obtain added mass coefficients. By analyzing these results, the hydrodynamic coefficients of the catamaran at low speed were estimated. Finally, the maneuvering simulation in low speed conditions was performed by using the estimated hydrodynamic coefficients.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.253-259
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• 2005

Magnetic encoder with relatively low pulse per rotation is generally used for detecting speed of the high-speed rotating machine. It is due to the fact of the mechanical problems of vibration and bearing stiffness and also the limit of maximum output pulse of the mounted encoder. The magnetic encoder is divided into two types, that is, toothed gear-wheel method and magnetic wheel method according to the shape of the rotation disk. In case of detecting speed by the tooth gear-wheel, the encoder itself can be acted as the additional inertia where the number of tooth determining the output pulse and the width of the wheel detecting the change of the magnetic flux density are relatively enough large considering the volume of the rotating machine. While the magnetic wheel method has the limit of the magnetizing number of the ring magnet, there is relatively few, if nv, the influence of inertia on the machine. In this paper, it is proposed a simple magnetic wheel encoder suited for the high speed rotating machine and the method of signal processing and the output characteristics are examined through the V/F operation of max 48,000(rpm) and 2.4(KW) spindle motor.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.173-176
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• 2009

In the stator windings of a 6.6 kV rotating machine, internal discharges, slot discharges, and surface discharges are mainly caused by internal voids and insulation degradation. If a partial discharge(PD) occurs in an inner-part of the stator windings, it will cause electromagnetic pulses with wide frequency ranges. Discharge sparks and electromagnetic pulses generated from a discharge source, can be detected using various RF resonators like an EM sensor. In order to detect these types of electromagnetic sources, a planar patch sensor was designed and fabricated using a CST-MWS simulation, and PD signals from an artificially defected stator winding were also measured by the sensor proposed in this study. Furthermore, an HFCT was used as a reference sensor and compared with the proposed new planar patch sensor. In the results of the experiment, the planar patch sensor showed a similar performance to the HFCT sensor.