• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2000

In order to establish a micropropagation system for buffalo gourd (Cucurbita foetidissima ) and common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca), the effects of several plant growth regulators and culture temperature on shoot multiplication and rooting were investigated. In buffalo gourd, the greatest number of shoot from shoot tip culture and well growth of formed shoot were obtained on the MIS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BA and 0.3 or 0.6 mg/L IAA. Whereas kinetin and 2iP were not effective for shoot multiplication in vitro. It was found that 22$^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ were suitable for shoot multiplication. Roots were easily formed by the addition of auxins, especially 1.0 or 2.0 mg/L IBA and 2.0 mg/L IAA. Over 90% of plants survived successfully after being transferred into the field. In common milkweed, BA was more effective than kinetin or 2iP for its micropropagation in vitro. The increased shoot weight and number of nodes per shoot were obtained on the medium containing 3.0 mg/L BA and 0.3 or 0.6 mg/L IAA. But 2iP promoted the shoot elongation. In addition. common milkweed was sensitive to culture temperature in vitro. Temperature around 22$^{\circ}C$ was favorable for shoot multiplication and growth, whereas temperature higher than $25^{\circ}C$ usually reduced the rate of shoot survival rate.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2000

This study was carried out to find the effects of plant growth regulators on callus formation, rooting and shooting from cotyledon explant in oriental me]on. Various combinations of 0.1 mg/L auxins (IAA, NAA) and 0.5, 1.0. 1.5, 2.0 mg/L cytokinins (BA, kinetin, zeatin) were treated to the MS basal medium, respectively. Callus was induced mort effectively as 2,437.0 mg (FW)/explant in MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L NAA and 2.0 mg/L BA, but that was non-embryogenic callus as colored yellow white and broke easily. Root was induced most effectively at a frequency of 98.0% in MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L NAA and 0-5 mg/L kinetin. Shoots formed on cut part of vein at a frequency of 98.0% in MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L IAA and 2.0 mg/L BA, that were multiple shoots. in case of its concentration, BA and lower concentration of IAA and NAA (0.01 and 0.05 mg/L). respectively. shooting ratio was not increased. The result of treatment with BA 0-5 mg/L and IAA 0.1 mg/L, callus induced at a week, and shoot start to form multiple shoots about 3 weeks after inoculation. After 2 times subculture as 2 weeks intervals, divided shoots rooted and developed into intact plantlets at 10 weeks and then that grown normally on pots after acclimatization.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2000

Explants of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) were co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumifacience GV 3101 strain containing nptII gene and cold regulated gene (BN115) from Brassica napus for transformation. Multiple shoots were obtained from the explants in the selection medium (MS basal medium supplemented with 100 mg/L kanamycin, 500 mg/L carbenicillin, 0.1 mg/L NAA, 0.5 mg/L kinetin) after 3 to 4 weeks of co-culture. The putative transgenic shoots were transferred to rooting medium (1/2 MS basal medium supplemented with 100 mg/L kanamycin and 250 mg/L carbenicillin). The selected shoots were tested with PCR analysis using nptll, BN115 primers whether cold-regulated gene was introduced to genome of the plants. The vir G primers were particularly used to check contamination of Agrobacterium during PCR analysis. The nptII and BN115 primers produced the specific PCR bands in the putative transgenic lines but the vir G primers did not. These results confirmed that the PCR products were not the result of contamination with Agrobacterium. Additionally the Southern analysis of the PCR products and RT-PCR analysis proved that the cold-regulated gene was successfully integrated and transcribed in the putative transgenic lettuce plants.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1999

Large-scale cultures of plant cell, tissue, and organ have been achieved by using BTBB. When different sized BTBBs (5 L, 20 L, 100 L, 300 L, and 500 L) were tested for the culture of yew cells (Taxus cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc.), cell growth increment reached to 94.5% in SCV after 24 days of culture with 30% of inoculation cell density. However, there were some variations in the production of taxol and its derivatives among the BTBBs of different size. Approximate 4 ㎎/l of taxol and 84 ㎎/l of total taxanes were obtained by using a 500L BTBB after 6 weeks of culture. With a 20L BTBB, about 20,000 cuttings of virus-free potatoes (cv. Dejima) could be obtained by inoculating 128 explants and maintaining 8 weeks under 16 hr light illumination. The frequency of ex vitro rooting of the cuttings revealed as more than 99% under 30% shade. By incorporating two-stage culture process consisting of multiple bulblet formation in solid medium and bulblet development in liquid medium, mass propagation of lily through bioreactor seemed to be possible. In the case of 'Marcopolo', the growth of mini-bulblets in BTBB was nearly 10 folds faster than that of the solid medium. Time course study revealed that maximum MAR yield of ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) in a 5 L and 20 L BTBB after 8 weeks of culture was 500 g and 2.2 ㎏, respectively. By cutting the MAR once and/or twice during the culture, the yield of root biomass could be increased more than 50% in fresh weight at the time of harvest. With initial inoculum of 500 g of sliced MAR in a 500 L BTBB, 74.8 ㎏ of adventitious root mass was obtained after 8 weeks of culture. The average content of total ginseng saponin obtained from small-scale and/or pilotscale BTBBs was approximately 1% per gram dry weight. Based on our results, we suggest that large-scale cultures of plant cell, tissue, and organ using BTBB system should be quite a feasible approach when compared with conventional method of tissue culture.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2007

Effect of BA concentrations and culture methods on in vitro plant multiplication from shoot-tip cultures of Wasabia japonica was studied. Shoot-tips with leaf primordia and apical meristem were cultured on MS basal medium for all the experiments. Liquid medium for 2 weeks followed by semi-solid medium for 4 weeks containing 1.0 mg/L BA was the best to number of shoots (22.8) and shoot length (3.5 cm). Shoots proliferated could be divided into ca. 5 to 11 of cultures for the multiplication of plantlets. Divided plantlets showed root formation (90%) well onto MS basal medium without growth regulators like IBA and NAA. After rooting, all the plantlets transferred into the pots containing composed soil (bio-media Co., peatmoss $8{\sim}10%$, coir dust $66{\sim}70%$, zeolite $13{\sim}17%$, vermiculite $3{\sim}7%$, perlite $2{\sim}4%$) and grown well into whole plants with multiple shoots.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.18-22
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• 2009

This work was conducted to establish an efficient plant regeneration system for genetic transformation and the in vitro conservation of Sedum sarmentosum genetic resources. Effects of glutamine and $AgNO_3$ on plant regeneration between two genotypes were investigated using MS media supplemented with 0.2 mg/L NM and 3.0 mg/L BA. Calluses were formed on leaf explants placed on MS solid media supplemented with 3 mg/L 2,4-D and 1 mg/L BA. Calluses of Keumsan local strain produced shoots at a frequency of up to 100% after 50 days of culture on medium supplemented with glutamine. The highest number of shoots per callus was 17.6 at 350 mg/L glutamine. However, calluses of Wanju local strain gave rise to no shoots under the same culture conditions. Likewise, calluses of Keumsan local strain produced shoots at a frequency of up to 100% after 50 days of culture on medium supplemented with $AgNO_3$ whereas Wanju local strain sporadically produced shoots. The highest number of shoots per callus of Keumsan local stain was 16.1 at $15{\mu}M$ $AgNO_3$. Regenerated shoots were subcultured on hormone-free MS medium for rooting and shoot growth, and then 3-5 cm high plantlets were transplanted to the artificial soils comprising vermiculite and perlite, where they survived at a frequency of 88-100%. After being transplanted into upland soil:sand (1:1, v/v) in a greenhouse, regenerated plants showed a morphologically normal growth.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.266-272
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• 2018

A Polygonatum stenophyllum Maxim. is an important endangered plant belonging to the family Liliaceae. A method was developed for the rapid micropropagation of P. stenophyllum through plant regeneration from rhizome (1-year, 3-years, and 5-years) explant-derived calli. The rhizome segments were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with varying concentrations of 2,4-D (0, 0.5, 1.0, $1.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) for callus induction. In media supplemented with $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ of 2,4-D, 87% of 3-years rhizome produced callus. Subsequently, the callus was transferred to 1/2MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of IAA, IBA, NAA, and 2,4-D (0, 0.1, 0.5 and $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) for adventitious shoot formation. The highest percentage of adventitious shoot induction (57%) was observed in 1/2MS medium containing $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ of NAA. Elongation of the adventitious shoot was achieved in 1/2MS medium supplemented with $0.1mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ of BA. Rooting was achieved in 1/2MS medium without any hormones. It is hypothesized that the stated in vitro propagation protocol will be useful for conservation and mass propagation of the endangered Polygonatum stenophyllum Maxim. for bioresources.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.231-238
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• 1982

The study was done to determine the proper transplanting dates and seedling ages of rice when mechanical transplanting was attempted. Heading dates of the Milyang #23, developed from Tong-il rice was delayed by delayed transplanting and the percent of filling grain was also low. The proper heading dates for the variety should be the first part of August and the transplanting should be done by the end of May. The presumed last days for the transplantation was considered early part of June. 30 to 40 days old seedlings were very effective to have healthy rooting systems. However, the Milyang #15 had shown more tolerance to the late transplantation than Milyang #23 and the degree of delaying heading dates due to the delayed transplantation was rather smaller than that of the Milyang #23. Even when the Milyang #15 was transplanted on June 30, the heading dates were around the middle of August and the ripening percentage was comparatively high and yield was also high. Therefore, the proper heading dates of the Milyang #15 might be around the middle of August and transplanting dates should be the first part of June. The possible last dates of transplantation of the Milyang #15 was assumed to be the last days of June and the proper seedling ages would be 20 to 30 day after sowing.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1996

The effects of multipore spawn inoculation of Lentinus edodes on the mycelial growth stage and on the quantitative and qualitative yields of fruit-bodies for 5 years were investigated at natural environmental conditions. The spawn inoculation quantity did not affect the mycelial rooting at a range of 3.0kg-6.0kg per $m^3$ of bed-logs while the increase of spawn quantity by multipore inoculation increased the mycelial growth and the inner erosion of bed-logs, resulting in the increased yields of total fruit-bodies of L. edodes per $m^3$ of bed-logs for 5 years but resulting in the shortened major production period of fruit-bodies to the the first three years. Major production of fruit-bodies occurred during May-June and August-September, which was not affected by the spawn inoculation quantity. No significant differences in dry weight of a fruit-body were observed as increasing the spawn quantity by multipore inoculation; however the heaviest dry weight of a fruit-body was 1.63g at the spawn inoculation of 4.0kg per $m^3$/TEX> of bed-logs.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.540-545
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• 2014

The Polygonatum odoratum cv. Gungangbeaksea, bred in Gyeongsangnam-Do Agricutural Research & Extension Service, was cultured in vitro for micropropagate rapidly through the culture of rhizome explants ($5{\times}5mm$). The $7{\times}7mm$ explants of adventitious multi-bud clusters (AMC), obtained through the culture of rhizome explants (MS + 3.0 mg/L BA) were cultured on MS media with BA and TDZ. The shoot multiplication was favorable on the MS medium containing 3.0 mg/L TDZ with 2.8 in shoot number. But the formation of AMC was low in all media tested. The explants of AMC were cultured on MS media containing 1.0~5.0 mg/L TDZ and NAA to multiplicate AMC more. The formation of AMC was a little more stimulated on combined MS media of TDZ and NAA, than that with TDZ alone. The multiplication of shoots and AMC was favorable on MS media with 3.0 mg/L TDZ and 5.0 mg/L NAA, and 5.0 mg/L TDZ and 3.0 mg/L NAA. As the concentration of MS salts increased, the formation of AMC was decreased. But the formation of AMC was more stimulated, as the concentration of sucrose increased to 7%. Therefore, the multiplication of shoots and AMC was suitable on media containing 3.0~5.0 mg/L TDZ and NAA, and 7% of sucrose. The explants of AMC were rooted on media with 3.0 mg/L IBA, or 2.0 mg/L NAA with more than 80% in rooting ratio. The plantlets were treated at $5^{\circ}C$ for 8 weeks, and cultured ex vitro for 8 weeks. The survival ratio of plantlets were 100% in vermiculite, and the mixed soil with perlite 1 volumn and vermiculite 1 volumn.