• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.149-153
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• 1994

재배(栽培) 작약(芍藥) 정식(定植) 4년차(年次)인 의성품종(Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)을 지상부(地上部) 생육(生育)이 가장 왕성(旺盛)한 시기(時期)인 6월(月)에 채굴하여 뿌리굵기에 따라 $30{\pm}2mm,\;17{\pm}1mm,\;12{\pm}1mm,\;7{\pm}1mm$로 구분(區分)하여 일반화학성분(一般化學成分)과 주(主) 약효성분(藥效成分)인 paeoniflorin 함양(含量)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 작약근(芍藥根)의 건조(乾燥) 후(後) 수축율(收縮率)은 약(約) 30%이며. 뿌리의 굵기에 따라 그 차이(差異)가 인정(認定)되지 않았다. 2. 외관상(外觀狀) 우수(優秀) 생약재(生藥材)로 평가(評價)되는 $17{\pm}1mm$ 굵기는 $7{\pm}1mm$굵기에 비해 paeoniflorin의 함양(含量)은 1.0% 낮으나 총당(總糖) 및 전분(澱粉)의 함양(含量)은 8%, 5%가 각각(各各) 많았다. 3. Paeoniflorin 함양(含量)은 조단백질(粗蛋白質) 및 조섬유(粗纖維) 함양(含量)과 정(正)의 유의상관(有意相關)을 나타내었고, 조단백질(粗蛋白質)의 함양(含量)은 총당(總糖) 및 전분(澱粉)과 부(負)의 유의상관(有意相關)을 나타내었다.

• 임산에너지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2000

본 실험은 광도가 곰솔(Pinus thunbergii Parl.) 유묘의 생장과 물질생산에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 가를 알고자 자연전광이 100, 50, 30, 10% 및 2%로 조절된 야외포지에서 1997년 5월부터 1998년 10월까지 실시되었다. 곰솔의 수고생장 및 근원경생장은 1,2차년을 통하여 자연전광에서 가장 높악으며, 50%에서의 수고생장은 1,2차년도 각각 대조구의 96.4, 88.9%로, 근원경생장은 각각 94.1 77.6%로 조상되엇다, 30%이하로 상대광도가 낮아질수록 수고 및 근원경생장이 급격히 감소 되었으며, 근원경생장의 감소율이 수고생장의 감소율보다 높게 나타났다. 2차년도의 2%에서는 시험 유묘 모두가 고사하였다. 물질생산량도 광도가 낮아짐에 따라 감소되었으며, 1, 2차년도 모두 뿌리의 감소율이 잎, 줄기보다 높았고, 1차년도에는 줄기의 감소율이, 2차년도에는 잎이 감소율이 가장 낮았다. T/R율은 1차년도에는 50%에서,3.55, 2차년도에는 10%에서 4.88로 가장 높았다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.82-89
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• 2003

This study was carried out to find the suitable root-ball size for the planting construction of landscape trees. Surveyed trees for this study were Cercidiphyllum japonicum and Prunus yedoensis, and the root-ball size was classified into 3D, 4D, 5D, and 6D(D meaning the diameter at the base of a tree). Visual ratings on a scale of 1 to 9 were used as a means for measuring the regrowth strength after planting tested trees. Test trees with 3, 4, 5 and 6D root-ball size were planted on March. 16, 2002 and visual ratings were measured up to April. 30, 2003. Cercidiphyllum japonicum and Prunus yedoensis started showing a difference in regrowth by each rootball size a month after planting. The regrowth quality of Cercidiphyllum japonicum was low at 3D, medium at 4∼5D and high at 6D root-ball size, while the regrowth quality of Prunus yedoensis was low at 3∼4D and medium-high at 5∼6D root-ball size. According to the above results, a root-ball size for good regrowth quality was a little bit different between Cercidiphyllum japonicum and Prunus yedoensis. 4D of Cercidiphyllum japonicum and 5D of Prunus yedoensis could be guidelines for root-ball diameters at the base of trees when planting. However, we concluded that 4D∼5D root-ball is the optimum guideline for regrowth when adapting this guideline to all landscape trees with 8∼l0cm diameter at the base.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.295-303
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 생태녹화용 유묘 생산에 적합한 재배용기를 선별하기 위하여 다양한 재배용기가 자작나무 유묘에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 실험에 사용한 용기는 일반용기, 일반용기 내부에 융기선 5 mm와 10 mm 설치, 일반용기 표면에 세로 절개홈 있는 배광성용기, 배광성용기 내부에 융기선 5 mm와 10 mm를 설치한 용기이었다. 재배용기에 따른 유묘생장 특성은 다음과 같다. 실험결과 온실 재배에서는 관수, 온도 등 관리도가 높아 수고, 가지수, 근원경 생장의 유의차가 없었으나, 뿌리생장은 유의차를 보이며 배광성용기에서 우수했다. 일반용기는 뿌리가 나선형의 비정상으로 자란 반면 배광성용기는 뿌리가 수직으로 자랐다. 노지이식 후 재배용기 처리에 따라 유의차를 보이며, 수고, 가지수, 근원경, 뿌리생장 모두 배광성용기에서 자란 유묘가 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 배광성용기에서 자란 유묘의 경우 뿌리가 수직으로 생장해 노지 이식 후 뿌리활착 및 생장이 우수했으며, 용기내부에 설치한 융기선은 5 mm이내가 적정한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 배광성용기를 사용한 생태녹화용 자작나무 유묘에서 수고, 가지수, 근원경 및 뿌리생장에 큰 효과를 보여 배광성용기가 유묘생산에 적합한 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2003

The main purpose of this study was to examine the application of the root system as a shore protection material through the measurement of the 개ot growth curve of Salix gracilisyla Miq. depending on the cutting size. As materials and methodology, nine group of cuttings were classified by the length(l0cm, 20cm, 40cm) and the diameter(0.72cmm$\pm$0,02, 0.58cm$\pm$0.02, 0.35cm$\pm$0.02), Each group was stuck to a flooding bed of sandy loam(Sand 60,36%, Silt 28%, Clay 11.64%) on 27th March 2001, After 65 growing days, the weight and length of the newly developed roots, shoots, and leaves were measured and analysed, This was repeated at 99, 129, 159, and 190 growing days. The major findings were as follows. The primary determinant of the root growth rate was on the weight of cutting, The secondary determinant was on the number of growing days. In addition, the dominant dimension of the cutting was the diameter rather than the length, The thicker cutting caused more rapid and stable growth however the longer cutting made the growth of the root slower and more unstable.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.134-136
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• 1994

The effects of soil phosphorus level on seed emergence, seedling mortality, plant and root development of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) were evaluated in a newly planted commercial ginseng garden. Phosphorus levels were increased from 58 ppm to 100, 150 and 200 ppm with triplephosphate (0-45-0). Higher phosphate levels increased, seed emergence and reduced seedling mortality. Root length, diameter, fresh root weight and total leaflet length were not affected by phosphate levels.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.149-156
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• 2004

The objectives of this study were to investigate the morphology of mycorrhizal roots, and the effects of root age and soil texture on the mycorrhizal infection in ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) growing in Korea. Ginseng roots at ages of two to six years were collected from fields in late June. Their infection by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) was studied by clearing the roots and staining fungal hyphae with trypan blue. Root infection varied greatly depending on the developmental stages of young roots. Young tertiary roots, in diameter of smaller than 0.8 mrn, formed during the current growing season had root hairs and were frequently and in some cases heavily infected by AMF. Hyphal coils and arbuscules were abundant, while vesicles were rarely observed. Older secondary or tertiary roots in diameter of bigger than 1.0 mm with fully differentiated primary xylem formed during the previous growing season had no root hairs, and were not infected at all. The rates of mycorrhizal infection in the young tertiary roots were not affected by the age of the ginseng plants, suggesting that fungal populations might have not much changed during the aging of the cultivated fields up to six years. The differences in the infection rates among the different ages of ginseng were caused by differences in the amount of young tertiary roots in the samples. Soil texture, either sandy loam or clay loam, did not affect the rate of root infection. There were large variations in the infection rates among the different farms and locations within a farm. It strongly suggested that infection rates of the ginseng roots by AMF would be influenced by the practice of the farmers, possibly by avoiding consecutive planting, introduction of new topsoil, and the ways of handling the soil before transplanting the ginseng, such as fumigation or sterilization that might have affected indigenous inoculum sources of the AMF.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.8-24
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• 1994

수목(樹木)의 뿌리는 수목(樹木)의 생장(生長)과 토양(土壤)의 구조개선(構造改善)에 밀접한 관계가 있음에도 불구하고 지하부(地下部)에 위치하고 있으므로 연구가 미진한 상태이다. 따라서 각 수종(樹種)의 근계(根系)의 발달상태를 파악하는 것은 그 수종(樹種)의 특성 파악과 뿌리가 지표고정(地表固定)에 미치는 영향을 파악하는데 기초자료로 활용할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 강원도(江原道) 소나무림(林)의 특성을 파악하기 위한 기초연구의 일부로서 일차적으로 강원대학교(江原大學校) 구내(構內) 소나무림(林)의 근계(根系) 형태(形態) 및 분포(分布)에 대하여 규명하였다. 5개의 공시목(供試木)에 대해 조사한 결과 뿌리의 형태(形態)는 수평근(水平根)이 잘 발달되어 있었다. 뿌리의 분포(分布)에 있어서 크기별로는 세근(細根)은 대부분이 점재(点在)(+)하고 있었음, 태근(太根)은 0.2cm가 대부분이었다. 깊이별로는 태근(太根), 세근(細根) 모두가 10~30cm에서 60~70% 이상 집중되었으며, 태근(太根)은 주로 0.9cm 이하였고, 세근(細根)은 대부분이 점재(点在)(+)하고 있었다.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2023

In the machine vision inspection equipment, diameter measurement is important process in inspection of cylindrical object. However, machine vision inspection equipment requires complex algorithm processing such as camera distortion correction and perspective distortion correction, and the increase in processing time and cost required for precise diameter measurement. In this paper, we proposed the algorithm for diameter measurement of cylindrical object using the laser displacement sensor. In order to fit circle for given four input outer points, grid search algorithms using root-mean-square error and mean-absolute error are applied and compared. To solve the limitations of the grid search algorithm, we finally apply the singular-value-decomposition based circle fitting algorithm. In order to compare the performance of the algorithms, we generated the pseudo data of the outer points of the cylindrical object and applied each algorithm. As a result of the experiment, the grid search using root-mean-square error confirmed stable measurement results, but it was confirmed that real-time processing was difficult as the execution time was 10.8059 second. The execution time of mean-absolute error algorithm was greatly improved as 0.3639 second, but there was no weight according to the distance, so the result of algorithm is abnormal. On the other hand, the singular-value-decomposition method was not affected by the grid and could not only obtain precise detection results, but also confirmed a very good execution time of 0.6 millisecond.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.77-90
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• 2024

PURPOSE. The study aims to investigate the influence of the ferrule effect and types of posts on the stress distribution in three morphological types of the maxillary central incisor. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Nine models were created for 3 maxillary central incisor morphology types: "Fat" type - crown 12.5 mm, root 13 mm, and buccolingual cervical diameter 7.5 mm, "Medium" type - crown 11 mm, root 14 mm, and buccolingual cervical diameter 6.5 mm, and "Slim" type - crown 9.5 mm, root 15 mm, and buccolingual cervical diameter 5.5 mm. Each model received an anatomical castable post-and-core or glass-fiber post with resin composite core and three ferrule heights (nonexistent, 1 mm, and 2 mm). Then, a load of 14 N was applied at the cingulum with a 45° slope to the long axis of the tooth. The Maximum Principal Stress and the Minimum Principal Stress were calculated in the root dentin, crown, and core. RESULTS. Higher tensile and compression stress values were observed in root dentin using the metallic post compared to the fiber post, being higher in the slim type maxillary central incisor than in the medium and fat types. Concerning the three anatomical types of maxillary central incisors, the slim type without ferrule height in mm presented the highest tensile stress in the dentin, for both types of metal and fiber posts. CONCLUSION. Post system and tooth morphology were able to modify the biomechanical response of restored endodontically-treated incisors, showing the importance of personalized dental treatment for each case.