• Title/Summary/Keyword: Room fire

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Development of Fire Extinguishing System Suitable for Unmanned Engine Room of a Small Ship (소형선박 기관실화재에 대한 자동소화시스템 개발연구)

  • Kim, Dong-Suk;Kwark, Ji-Hyun;Kang, Dae-Sun;Son, Bong-Sei
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.20 no.3 s.63
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    • pp.96-100
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    • 2006
  • A study developing the dry powder fire extinguishing system inside the simulated machinery spaces of small ship was performed. Fire tests were conducted inside the compartments having volume $8m^3,\;4.5m^3\;and\;2.9m^3$ respectively. The openings and fans were established on the walls of the compartments. Diesel oil was used for the test fuel. In addition fire extinguishing nozzles using dry powder were installed downward at ceiling and horizontally at the wall or conner. All fires in the test were extinguished under system activation and there was no reignition.

Validation of FDS for Pool Fire in Three Rooms Connected to Ventilation Network (환기가 제한된 세 개 격실에서 Pool Fire에 대한 FDS 검증분석)

  • Bae, Young-Bum;Lee, Sang-Kyu;Shin, Byung-Soo;Kim, Nam-Seok;Keum, O-Hyun;Park, Jong-Seok
    • Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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    • 2011.04a
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    • pp.9-15
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    • 2011
  • This study aims to validate predictive capabilities of FDS for the pool fire in three rooms connected to ventilation network. The three rooms in real scale fire test facility are configured to be similar to that of nuclear power plant in size, ventilation condition, construction material, etc. Basically three rooms are confined to the other area except two open doors and two ventilation duct in each room. The real scale fire test was conducted with these conditions and the predictive capabilities of FDS will be validated by comparing FDS simulation results with experimental data from the temperature, heat flux, and concentration point of view. This study concludes that temperature from FDS is about 25 % lower deviation from the experiment, and heat flux from FDS is about 5% deviation.

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Numerical Study on the Definition of the Exhaust Effectiveness of Smoke under Fire in a Large Space (대공간 화재시 배연효율 정의에 관한 수치해석적 연구)

  • Kim, Jung-Yup;Jang, Kyung Jin;Han, Hwataik
    • Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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    • v.26 no.11
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    • pp.535-540
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    • 2014
  • This paper investigates the exhaust effectiveness of smoke, in the case of fire in a large atrium space. Numerical analysis was conducted to simulate transient fire growth in a test room, modeled by the Murcia atrium fire test. Various indices representing the exhaust performance of the exhaust system were obtained, such as the height of the smoke layer, and the instantaneous and accumulative capture efficiency of the smoke. The residual life time of smoke from the fire was also obtained, by injecting tracer gases at the fire location, depending on the airflow rate, and the location of the exhausts. The capture efficiency based on smoke concentration at the exhausts exhibits how much smoke can be removed by the exhaust system; whereas, the exhaust effectiveness based on residual life time indicates how rapidly the smoke can reach the exhaust locations, before being exhausted. The definitions and meanings of the indices to be used in representing the exhaust performance of a smoke exhaust system installed in a large space are discussed.

Residual strength capacity of fire-exposed circular concrete-filled steel tube stub columns

  • Alhatmey, Ihssan A.;Ekmekyapar, Talha;Alrebeh, Salih K.
    • Advances in concrete construction
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    • v.6 no.5
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    • pp.485-507
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    • 2018
  • Concrete-Filled Steel Tube (CFST) columns are an increasingly popular means to support great compressive loads in buildings. The residual strength capacity of CFST stub columns may be utilized to assess the potential damage caused by fire and calculate the structural fire protection for least post-fire repair. Ten specimens under room conditions and 10 specimens under fire exposure to the Eurocode smouldering slow-growth fire were tested to examine the effects of diameter to thickness D/t ratio and reinforcing bars on residual strength capacity, ductility and stiffness of CFST stub columns. On the other hand, in sixteen among the twenty specimens, three or six reinforcing bars were welded inside the steel tube. The longitudinal strains in the steel tube and load-displacement relationships were recorded throughout the subsequent compressive tests. Corresponding values of residual strength capacity calculated using AISC 360-10 and EC4 standards are presented for comparison purposes with the experimental results of this study. The test results showed that after exposure to $750^{\circ}C$, the residual strength capacity increased for all specimens, while the ductility and stiffness were slightly decreased. The comparison results showed that the predicted residual strength using EC4 were close to those obtained experimentally in this research.

Analysis of a Fire in an Apartment Building Using a Zone Model (ZONE MODEL을 이용한 아파트에서의 화재 해석)

  • 박진국;김충익;유홍선;윤명오
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.25-33
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    • 1997
  • Fire hazards in an apartment building that represents the average households in Korean were investigated by conducting a full-scale experiment. This experiment attempts to analyze fire hazards using materials, and furnishings common to Korean housing stock. Experimental results are compared to the predictions of the C-FAST and smoke transport computer model. Comparisons between experimental data and C-FAST data are performed only to a living-room fire. Flashover occurred at approximately 380 seconds in a fire experinent, and at approximately 420 seconds in Zone-Model. Based on all of data between experimental data between experimental data and Zone-Model data, it is concluded that the safe egress time is at least 250 seconds.

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Simulation & Validation of Lubricating Oil Fire in Nuclear Power Plant Pump Room (원전 펌프실 윤활유화재 분석 및 확인에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Jong-Seuk;Park, Yoon-Jeong;Lee, Chang-Joo
    • Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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    • 2010.10a
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    • pp.241-245
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    • 2010
  • 화재방호에 성능기반 개념을 도입함에 따라 화재모델링의 활용도는 점점 높아지고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 FDS를 이용하여 원자력발전소 펌프실의 윤활유 화재 시 케이블의 손상여부를 평가하고, 확인분석을 통해 화재모델링의 적합성을 파악하는 데 있다. 화재는 펌프 주변의 누출된 윤활유에서 발생하며 화원의 면적은 $2.75m^2$이고 단위면적당 열방출율은 $1,794kW/m^2$로 가정하였다. 계산결과, 고온기체층의 온도는 $400^{\circ}C$를 상회하고 있으나 케이블 트레이의 온도는 $50^{\circ}C$ 아래로 예측되고 있어 본 화재시나리오에서 케이블의 건전성은 유지되고 있으며 밀폐된 격실에서의 대형화재는 환기지배형 화재가 된다는 것을 보여주고 있다. 또한 확인분석 결과, 화재 시나리오의 주요 변수인 열방출율, 격실크기 그리고 강제 환기 변수가 확인계산 범위 내에 있어 본 계산결과는 NUREG-1824의 확인요건을 만족하고 있다. 따라서 펌프실 윤활유 화재에 대한 모델링의 적합성을 확인하였다.

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Sub-Surface Station Fire Evacuation Research and Best Practice

  • Dowens, Trevor
    • International Journal of Railway
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.18-21
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    • 2009
  • The basis of modem risk-based safety management is to focus on what might happen and ensure it is designed out of the system by robust hazard identification and risk analysis. However, in the real world things go wrong and it is essential to be prepared for the worst so that the response can minimise harm and loss of property and damage to the environment. Whilst some hazard mitigation measures are aimed at preventing incidents, others are venting escalation. The results of the tests concluded that the most effective means by the control room, both with and without, local station staff assistance using directive public address announcements and CCTV surveillance.

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A Study on Ship Evacuation Safety Consequent on the Size and Sort of Fire (화재의 크기와 종류에 따른 선박 피난 안전 연구)

  • KIM, Won-Ouk;KIM, Dae-Hee
    • Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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    • v.28 no.5
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    • pp.1358-1364
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    • 2016
  • Maritime accidents caused by a ship include collisions, sinking, stranding and fire etc. This study is intending to consider fire accidents among such diverse marine accidents. It is much likely that various sorts of fires break out because crewmen are living in a narrow space for long periods of time consequent on the ship's characteristic of sailing on the sea. According to the ship fire survey, about 50% of the total fire accidents occurred at an engine room, and the main fire origin was analyzed to be oil. In addition, ship fire breaks out in the order of baggage racks and living quarter. In short, the survey indicates that all sorts of fires belonging to A, B, C and D-class have occurred. This study, targeting an actual passenger ship 'A', found the response time to evacuation, during which the people on board a ship recognize the outbreak of fire, and act, and the travel time for evacuation which is the actual travel time. In addition, this study carried out a simulation through the special program for fire analysis - FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator) in order to find the effective evacuation time, i.e. life survival time. Particularly, this study did comparative analysis of the influence on the survival of passengers and crew based on the collected simulation data by fire size and sort. As a result of the analysis, it was found that when examining the only actual evacuation movement time excepting the response time to evacuation, people are safe by completing evacuation before the effective evacuation time only in case fire size is 100Kw among all sorts of fires. In other words, in case of the outbreak of fire more than 1 MW, it was found to fail to meet evacuation safety regardless of fire size.

A Validation Study of Temperature Field Predicted by Computational Fire Model for Spray Fire in a Multi-Compartment (다중구획공간내 분무화재시 화재해석모델의 온도장 검증연구)

  • Kim, Sugn-Chan
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.28 no.5
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    • pp.23-29
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    • 2014
  • The present study has been conducted to investigate the validity of the computational fire model and the results predicted by BRANZFIRE zone model and FDS field model are compared with a real scale fire test with spray fire in a multi-compartment. The liquid spray fires fueled with toluene and methanol are used as the fire source and the quantitative measurement of heat release rate is performed in an isolated ISO-9705 compartment with a standard door opening. The temperature field predicted by FDS model showed good agreement with the measurement in the fire room and the corridor, and BRANZFIRE model also gave acceptable result in spite of its simplicity and roughness. The mean temperature predicted by FDS model corresponds with measurement within maximum discrepancy range of 25% and the overall mean value of FDS model matched well with experimental data less than 10%. This study can contribute to establish the limitation and application scope of computational fire model and provide reference data for applying to reliable fire risk assessment.