• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.369-382
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was finding the pain inhibitory effect of acupuncture at $LI_4$. The pain at dentes incisivi was evoked by noxious electric stimulation and EMG changes based on the interval were measured. To do this, the opioid antagonist was administered intraperitoneally. Following are some of results. 1. The pain inhibitory effect of acupuncture at $LI_4$ was 94.35%, 84.56%, 57.62%, 54.40%, at 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes respectively. All the data were calculated based on 100% at 0 minute. The effect was very significant at 40 minutes. 2. The continuous effect of acupuncture at $LI_4$ after taking out the needle was 58.58%, 57.62%, 66.22%, 73.18%, 83.70%, 92.68%, at 50, 50, 70, 80, 90 and 100 minutes respectively. The overall continuous effect was shown its maximum 20 minutes after taking out the needle and reached to the initial value at 60 minutes. 3. The pain inhibitory effect following the naloxone administration and acupuncture application at $LI_4$ was 95.96%, 96.04%, 94.86%, 94.92% at 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes respectively. All values showed similar tendency to the initial data. 4. The continuous effect of acupuncture at $LI_4$ after taking out the needle which was preceded by the naloxone administration was 94.48%, 96.02%, 96.02%, 98.00%, 98.46%, 97.18% at 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 minutes respectively. This trend was not a significant fluctuation. It was concluded that effect of acupuncture at $LI_4$ was shown in conjunction with secretion of analgesic substance. Therefore it is implied that the acupuncture application will play a major role in treating many diseases with more revelation of scientific acupuncture mechanism. Further studies of acupuncture manipulation are needed in the future based on our study.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.287-300
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was finding the pain inhibitory effect of acupuncture at ST-36. The pain at dentes incisor was evoked by noxious electric stimulation and EMG changes based on time interval were measured. To do this, the opioid antagonist was administered intraperitoneally. Followings are some of the results. 1. The pain inhibitory effect of acupuncture at ST-36 was 93.82%, 87.00%, 75.30%, 69.76% at 10 20, 30 and 40 minutes respectively. All the data were calculated based on 100% at 0 minute. The effect was very significant at 40 minutes. 2. The continuous effect of acupuncture at ST-36 after taking out the needle was 77.46%, 79.66%, 87.60%, 91.50%, 95.14%, 99.48% at 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 minutes respectively. The overall continuous effect was shown its maximum 20 minutes after taking out the needle and reached to the initial value at 60 minutes. 3. The pain inhibitory effect following the naloxone administration and acupuncture application ST-36 was 93.44%, 94.58%, 90.80%, 88.04% at 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes respectively. All values showed similar tendency to the initial data. 4. The continuous effect of acupuncture at ST-36 after taking out the needle which was preceded by the naloxone administration was 91.26%, 91.90%, 92.06%, 93.66%, 94.12%, 93.50% at 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 minutes respectively. This trend was not a significant fluctuation. It Was concluded that effect of acupuncture at ST-36 was shown in conjunction with secretion of analgesic substance. Therefore it is implied that the acupuncture application will play a major role in treating many diseases with more revelation of scientific acupuncture mechanism. Further studies of acupuncture manipulation are needed in the future based on our study.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.34-44
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• 2017

이 연구에서는 대학 신입생을 대상으로 고등학교에서 화학II 선택과목 이수가 대학 일반화학에서 전기화학 관련 개념을 이해하는데 미치는 영향과 개념 변화 유형을 알아보았다. 고등학교에서 화학II 이수 여부에 따라 전기화학 관련 개념의 이해에 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 화학전지의 구별, 전극의 구별, 그리고 전류의 생성과 흐름에 관한 개념의 이해에서 차이가 크게 나타났으나 염다리의 역할, 표준 반쪽 전지의 필요성에서는 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 화학전지의 생성물과 전지 전위의 예측에서는 화학II를 이수하지 않은 학생 그룹에서 일반화학 수강 후에 개념 이해의 향상이 크게 나타났다. 고등학교에서 전기화학의 기본 개념의 학습이 대학 일반화학에서 전기화학 관련 개념의 이해에 영향을 미치고 있었으나 일반화학을 수강하더라도 몇 가지 관련 개념의 정확한 이해에는 많은 어려움을 가지고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이의 해결을 위해서는 전기화학의 기본 개념에 대하여 보다 정확한 내용의 교육이 이루어질 필요가 있고, 고등학교에서 미리 학습하지 못한 학생들을 위한 적절한 보충 학습을 해야 할 필요성이 있다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.141-149
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• 2010

A concern of safety issue for traditional herbal medicine is the possibility of some herbs containing heavy metals responsible for several cases of metal poisoning. In our previous study, the physiological levels of heavy metals, such as Cd, Cu, Hg and Pb, were examined to evaluate a potential risk in patients taking herbal medicine. In this study, the levels of 12 heavy metals, including non-metallic element, Se, were analyzed in hair and compared to the results from the previous study. In the previous study, the levels of Cd, Cu, Hg and Pb in hair showed a significantly lower odds ratio than 1. In this study, however, all metals did not show any significant odds ratio higher or lower than 1 even if 5 of 12 metals showed lower odds ratio than 1. In addition, the levels of metal concentrations, especially for Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn, exceeding the WHO reference values were observed in hair. However, any evidence for metal accumulation in hair caused by taking herbal medicines for long duration was not observed in analysis of multiple regression and odds ratio from case-control study. This result would show another possibility for a role of herbs as a non-enzymatic chelator inhibiting the gastrointestinal absorption of heavy metals.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2022

A forecast foresight of the conditions for the development of educational affairs in the Information Society of Ukraine is presented, taking into account changes in the technique, technologies, and the socio-social sphere. Unresolved problems in Ukraine regarding the modernization and improvement of the education system by means of informatization are highlighted. The need for further improvement of Ukrainian education by means of informatization is noted. Formulated the main goal of future education. The necessary conditions for the successful development of future education are highlighted. The role and place of the key figure of the teacher in the education of the future is determined. The article highlights the theoretical and philosophical foundations of professional subjectivity of the future specialist. Recently, the world's pedagogical thought has increasingly focused on how to build an educational process so that it brings a sense of happiness to all its participants. It is believed that this is a new management philosophy in general, although its origins are in ancient Greek sources, which claim that only a happy life has meaning and value. It is found out that the professional subjectivity of a specialist is an important professionally significant quality of the individual, which provides a purposeful and optimal implementation of their mental, personal resources for solving professional and life problems, which is manifested in the desire for self-definition, self-determination, self-regulation and self-improvement in professional activities taking into account the information society. The structure of this phenomenon is shown.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.323-333
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• 2003

This is a comparative descriptive study conducted for 178 middle-aged women who were residing in Seoul and aged between 41 to 64 (95 in control group, and 83 in experimental group). The study was aimed to examine their climacteric symptoms, degree of fatigue, depression, anxiety and quality of sleep and to examine the differences on the symptoms between the two groups. Data were collected from April 1 to May 15, 2002 through self-statement using structured questionnaires. The collected data were verified with descriptive statistics, ? -test, t-test, ANOVA using SPSS/PC(+). The results are as follows. 1) The average scores of the climacteric symptoms were 1.56 .36 for the control group, and 1.55 .33 for the group taking relexzone massage, showing no significant difference between the groups (t=.15, p=.88). 2) The average scores of the degree of fatigue were 2.17 .65 for the control group, and 2.40 .66 for the group taking relexzone massage, showing a significant difference between the groups. (t=-2.31, p=.02) 3) The average scores of depression were 1.91 .50 for the control group, and 2.05 .42 for the group taking relexzone massage, showing a significant difference between the groups (t=-1.99, p=.05). 4) The average scores of anxiety were 1.54 .60 for the control group, and 1.57 .53 for the group taking relexzone massage, showing no significant difference between the groups (t=-.33, p=.74). 5) The average scores of quality of sleep were 2.97 .49 for the control group, and 2.98 .42 for the group taking relexzone massage, showing no significant difference between the groups(t=-.08, p=.93). Based on these results, the middle-aged women who take relexzone massage are considered to have less fatigue and depression than those who do not. As physiological regression progresses and the structure and role in the family are restructured, middle-aged women are like to experience various climacteric symptoms. As a nursing intervention, relexzone massage can be applied to middle-aged women to reduce their stress, climacteric symptoms and emotional anxiety, ultimately promoting their health. In order to implement relexzone massage as a nursing intervention, further testing on the psycho-neuroimmunologjcal effects of relexzone massage is necessary.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.97-109
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• 2017

Purpose - This study aimed to investigate the effect of entrepreneurial temperament (ET) such as innovativeness, risk-taking, and proactiveness in entrepreneur's lifetime before start-up and the effect of social capital (SC) such as network ties and trustworthiness on entrepreneurial intention. Research design, data, and methodology - We examined the components of ET (innovativeness, risk-taking, and proactiveness) and components of SC (network ties and trustworthiness) through existing prior research and investigated the factors that affected entrepreneurial intention. The first hypothesis of this study was that entrepreneurial temperament will have a significant impact on network ties of social capital, and the second hypothesis assumed that entrepreneurial temperament will have a significant effect on the trustworthiness of social capital. Finally, the second hypothesis assumed that social capital will have a significant impact on entrepreneurial intentions. We collected 175 data using questionnaires for people who have not yet started a start-up. And we used the Structure Equation Modeling (SEM) to evaluate the collected data and to test the research model by the two step research procedure. Results - As a result, the innovativeness and proactiveness of ET have a significant effect on network ties and trustworthiness of SC, but the effect of risk-taking on risk-taking of SC is not significant. On the other hand, network ties and network ties of SC was revealed a significant effect on the EI. Conclusions - The implications of this article could be observed as mentioned in this paper. First, we found that entrepreneurial innovativeness and proactiveness are helpful in constructing SCs, but not risk-taking. These results demonstrated that ET of entrepreneurs is important factor in the formation of social capital. Second, the SC that an entrepreneur built before the start-up has a meaning for EI. In conclusion, ET was affected partially to EI mediated SC. It is academic in that ET and SC are independent from each other and have a mediating role between ET and EI, unlike those directly affecting EI. Although some important implications were found in this study, this study had some limitations and we hope that future research will be complemented.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.8-13
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• 2009

Saccharomyces cerevisiae 효모추출물인 SCP-20은 동물실험에서 항스트레스, 항불안 및 항우울 효과를 보인 바 있다. 본 연구는 정상인을 대상으로 위약통제 이중맹검 연구를 시행하여 SCP-20의 효과를 검증하였다. 선별과정을 거치고 충분한 순응도를 보인 61명의 자원자의 정보가 최종 분석에 사용되었다. 이들은 4주간 SCP-20이 70% 함유된 캡슐, SCP-20 99.5% 함유 캡슐 그리고 위약캡슐 중 한가지를 하루 4회 복용하였다. 4주 뒤 SCP-20 복용군은 위약군에 비해 SRI, BAI 점수에서 유의한 개선을 보였으나,BDI 점수변화는 군간 유의미한 차이가 없었고 집단별 사후검정에서 SCP99.5군만이 복용 전후 유의미한 BDI 점수감소를 보였다. HRV는 유의미한 변화를 보이지 않았다. 부작용은 관찰되지 않았다. SCP-20은 정상인에게 투여하였을 때 위약에 비해 유의하게 항스트레스, 항불안 효과를 보이나 항우울 효과는 명확하지 않았으며, 부작용은 보이지 않았다. 향후 SCP-20의 항우울기능 추가 검증 및 환자군을 대상으로 한 대규모, 장기적 연구가 필요하다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.1-33
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• 1983

The role and function of nursing care nowadays, tend to acquire sophisicated technology because specialization has expended due to increase of the medical population and the improvement of national health standards. To implement nursing care independently as a professional nurse, the apprehension of specific knowledge and skill should be acquired during basic nursing education. So it is important for nursing education not only to include theory and actual techniques, but also to strengthen the practical training in the actual clinical setting. This study was carried out with the following objectives; 1. To survey the detailed content and frequency of actual nursing students display during their clinical training. 2. To investigate the detailed content and frequency of actual nursing behavior which students display in each clinical a area. 3. To identify the motive for selection of nursing as their major and to determine the degree of self confidence, extent of knowledge and recognition of nursing responsibility. 4. To observe the relationship between actual nursing behavior and each of the following; 1) Motive for selecting nursing as a major 2) Self confidence 3) Knowledge of nursing care 4) Recognition of nursing responsibility The conclusions of this study were as follows; 1. Among the detailed nursing behavior which junior nursing college students carry out in clinical training; taking respiration's showed the highest frequency, and taking body temperatures, blood pressures, and pulses and making beds were next in frequency in this order. 2. In detailed nursing behaviors according to clinical area; taking vital signs showed the highest frequency in the emergency room, pediatric ward, orthopedic ward, general surgical ward and internal medicine ward. However, in the operating room, assisting with endotracheal tube insertion and sterile techniques were showen to have the highest frequencies. In nursery, umbilical cord care and the measurement of body weight were the highest in frequency In neurosurgical ward, the measurement of vital signs, changing position and tracheostomy care were the highest in frequency. In obstetric and gynecological ward and in the delivery room, checking duration, intensity and frequency of contractions was the highest in frequency. 3. In regard to the motive for majoring in nursing, the aptitude and interest of the student had the highest percentage(32.86%), and self-confidence in nursing activities (M=3.36), knowledge in nursing activities.(M=3. 09), and the recognition of the nursing activity (M= 3.76) wire in the middle range. 4. When the detailed nursing behaviors were compared with motive, self confidence, knowledge and recognition, it was found that when the nursing behavior was difficult and regarding much endeavor although the motive was high, the frequency of the nursing behavior was rather low. But in the cases in which there was much self confidence and a high level of skill was required, nursing behavior was carried more frequently. When there was muck self confidence and skill was not required, the frequency of nursing behavior was rather low. In the cases of a high level of knowledge, the frequency of nursing behavior was low and when recognition for nursing behavior was given the frequency of nursing behavior was low.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제14권
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• pp.257-264
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• 1996

우리 나라는 95년도에 국민소득 1만 불의 시대를 맞이하여 선진국 대열에 들어서고 있다. 한편, 92년부터 지방자치제가 부활되었으며 작년에는 민선 자치단체장들을 선출한 선진국형 체계를 확립시키게 되었다. 이제 지방의 역할은 지금까지에 비해 한층 더 높은 가능성을 지니게 되었다. 그러나 과거의 행정적 관례의 폐단이나 지역구성원의 자립에 대한 안이한 태도로 인하여 지방자치제 부활 시에 일어났던 기대에 못 미치는 결과를 낳고 있다. 이것은 지역의 특성이나 구성원의 요구 등을 무시한 소득 증대만을 위한 제조사업전개로 인해 발생된 결과이며 향후 지역의 발전을 위한 활성화 작업은 구성원을 위한 요인으로 변형되어야 할 것이다. 이러한 시점에서 각 지역마다 주민의 생활의 질 향상을 추진하는 디자인 분야에 대해 기대가 높아지고 있다. 본 논문은 이와 같은 현재의 지역 활성화의 문제점을 일반적 측면에서 사례를 분석하고 이에 대응할 수 있는 디자인 계의 역할을 검토한다.