• 대한가정학회지
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• 제44권11호
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• pp.107-116
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• 2006

This study aimed to identify parents' experiences of child-rearing on Saturday with no class as well as their perceptions and demands on the Five-day School Week system. The study participants were 640 parents with first to second grade children. The major results were as follows: First, parents were generally satisfied with the Five-day School Week System. Second, the Five-day School Week System increased fathers' role-sharing on the Saturday with no class. It was also related with some of the demographic variables and the Five-Week Workweek System of the father and the mother. Third, both the fathers and mothers had more parenting stress on Saturdays with no class than on Saturdays with classes. Their parenting stress on Saturdays with no class was related with some demographic variables and work flexibility.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2003

The employees in information system organization are highly exposed to stress. However, there is little theoretical or empirical study on the effects of job stress on IS organizations. A major reason is because few researchers consider consequences of job stress. The major purpose of this study is to verify negative effects of job stress for IS organization. This study have three purposes : to investigate the relationship between job stressors and perceived job stress; to understand the effect of perceived job stress and job attitude - job satisfaction, job involvement; to examine the role of moderators such as social support and personality in the relationship between job stressors and perceived job stress in information system organizations. The results of this study suggest that job stressors such as role overload and role ambiguity are significantly related to perceived job stress, the higher the perceived job stress is the lower the job attitudes such as job satisfaction and job involvement, and the employees' personality has moderating effects between the job stressor and perceived job stress.

• 아동학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.279-298
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• 2004

In this study, a sample of 249 mothers of 5- to 7-year-old kindergarteners responded to 4 questionnaires regarding maternal parenting stress, efficacy and behavior, and children's social competence. Teachers of the children also rated social competence. Correlations and regressions showed that parenting stress and difficulties in parenting were negatively related and parenting confidence and behavior were positively related to social competence, respectively. Parenting stress was the most influential variable to explain social competence. Maternal parenting stress was negatively related to parenting behavior and confidence, and it was positively related to difficulties in parenting. Parenting confidence was positively related and difficulties in parenting were negatively related to the subscales of parenting behavior, respectively. Parenting efficacy tended to play a mediating role between maternal parenting stress and parenting behavior.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.279-288
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• 2015

Background: In this study, the measurement of job stress of electric overhead traveling crane operators and quantification of the effects of operator and workplace characteristics on job stress were assessed. Methods: Job stress was measured on five subscales: employee empowerment, role overload, role ambiguity, rule violation, and job hazard. The characteristics of the operators that were studied were age, experience, body weight, and body height. The workplace characteristics considered were hours of exposure, cabin type, cabin feature, and crane height. The proposed methodology included administration of a questionnaire survey to 76 electric overhead traveling crane operators followed by analysis using analysis of variance and a classification and regression tree. Results: The key findings were: (1) the five subscales can be used to measure job stress; (2) employee empowerment was the most significant factor followed by the role overload; (3) workplace characteristics contributed more towards job stress than operator's characteristics; and (4) of the workplace characteristics, crane height was the major contributor. Conclusion: The issues related to crane height and cabin feature can be fixed by providing engineering or foolproof solutions than relying on interventions related to the demographic factors.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.95-106
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to examine the relations among mother's self-differentiation intimate. relationship parental role satisfaction and parenting stress. The subjects were 144 middle class mothers who have a first-born child aged from 6 to 36 months in Seoul. Data were gathered via questionnaire distributed to the mothers. The major results were as follows; (1) Mothers who achieved higher self-differentiation perceived lower parenting stress. (2) Mothers who highly satisfied with both their husbands' support and marital relations perceived lower parenting stress. (3) Mother's parental role satisfaction was not related to mother's parenting stress. (4) The variables predicting parenting stress were mother's self-differentiatin mother's satisfaction with intimate relationship and husband's support. However the predictive powers of these variables were different depending on mother's employment status.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to examine the role function and personality characteristics of mentors on the role stress and organization effectiveness of newly-appointed dental hygienists. Methods : The data were analyzed by the frequency analysis, reliability analysis, validity analysis, and structured equation model(SEM) using AMOS 18.0. The subjects were 214 newly appointed dental hygienists in the hospitals and clinics in Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do Province from January to May, 2013. Results : The hypothesis model proved to be appropriate for high validity. A significant results were observed in sociopsychological function and role ambiguity, personality characteristics and role ambiguity, role ambiguity and role conflict, role ambiguity and job satisfaction, role ambiguity and organization commitment, role ambiguity and turnover intention, and career function and organization commitment. Conclusions : It is important to help manage the job-related role stress of newly appointed dental hygienist and increase organizational effectiveness by developing and applying the 'standardized role functions of mentor' which can increase the adaptability of newly appointed dental hygienists.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.177-188
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• 2024

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is crucial for protein synthesis, transport, and folding, as well as calcium storage, lipid and steroid synthesis, and carbohydrate metabolism. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) occurs when misfolded or unfolded proteins accumulate in the ER lumen due to increased protein secretion or impaired folding. While the role of ERS in disease pathogenesis has been widely studied, most research has focused on extraoral diseases, leaving the role of ERS in intraoral diseases unclear. This review examines the role of ERS in oral diseases and oral fibrosis pathogenesis. A systematic search of literature through July 2023 was conducted in the MEDLINE database (via PubMed) using specific terms related to ERS, oral diseases, and fibrosis. The findings were summarized in both table and narrative form. Emerging evidence indicates that ERS significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of oral diseases and fibrosis. ERS-induced dysregulation of protein folding and the unfolded protein response can lead to cellular dysfunction and inflammation in oral tissues. Understanding the relationship between ERS and oral disease pathogenesis could offer new therapeutic targets for managing oral health and fibrosis-related complications.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of emergency medical technicians' personal traits and job characteristics on job/social stress, job satisfaction, role conflicts, organizational commitment, and self-efficacy. The study population was emergency medical technicians who is working at the hospitals in Yeungnam province. The 200 questionnaires were administered by using ground mail, e-mail, and personal visits and 156 questionnaires were returned(82.5% response rate). Social stress, job satisfaction and role conflicts were significantly determined by personal traits and job characteristic variables. However, job stress, organizational commitment and self-efficacy was only significantly determined by job characteristic variables. In social stress and role conflicts, the subjects with challenge, sociability, acceptance and prudence traits were tend to be significantly higher scores compared to the stability traits. Additionally, among social stress regression models, adding job characteristics to the personal traits model, $R^2$ was increased up to 19% and adding personal traits to the job characteristics model, $R^2$ was increased up to 14%. In conclusion, the study found that personal traits and job characteristics are important variables in explaining social stress, job satisfaction and role conflicts, that would have important managerial implications for recruiting, hiring and managing either new or current emergency medical technicians efficiently.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.547-558
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to identify a couple's parental efficacy combination and, then, analyze parental role-sharing and parenting stress according to this combination type. The subjects were 307 couples who have a child in 1st or 2nd grade. The main results were as follows: First, fathers and mothers, as a group, did not differ in terms of parental efficacy. Secondly, some demographic variables related to parental efficacy. Thirdly, there are more couples who have similar levels of parental efficacy than those who have different levels of parental efficacy. Fourth, no significant difference in parental role-sharing was found among the 4 types of couple's parental efficacy. Fifth, mothers had low parental stress when both of the couple had high levels of parental efficacy while fathers perceived low parental stress if only he, himself, had a high level of parental efficacy.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2016

Background: Work Ability Index (WAI) is a well-known and valid self-report tool that has been widely used in various studies to identify and avoid early retirement and work-related disability. Nevertheless, very few studies have been carried out to evaluate work ability in Iran. We aimed to investigate the WAI and the effect of work-related stress on it among Iranian workers. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytic study was carried out among 449 workers from five working sectors in three big cities of Iran. Work ability and work-related stress were measured using the Persian version of WAI and the Persian version of Health and Safety Executive Stress Indicator Tool. Results: More than a third of the workers surveyed (34.70%) did not have an appropriate level of work ability (WAI < 37). There was a significant correlation between subscales of work-related stress and the mean score of WAI. Furthermore, the variables of body mass index, sleep quality, exercise activity, job tenure, and three subscales of work-related stress including demands, supervisor support, and role were significant predictors of WAI. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the interventional programs must be focused on improving supervisors support, eliminating ambiguity and conflicts in the role of workers in their job and organization, reducing job demands, improving sleep quality, and increasing exercise activity.