• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2001년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.161-184
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• 2001

Rock masses usually contain such features as bedding planes, faults, fissures, fractures, joints and other mechanical defects which, although formed from a wide range of geological processes, posses the common characteristics of low shear strength, negligible tensile strength and high fluid conductivity compared with the surrounding rock material. In the engineering context here, the discontinuities can be the single most important factor governing the deformability, strength and permeability of the rock mass. Moreover, a particularly large and persistent discontinuity could critically affect the stability of any surface or underground excavation. For these reasons, it is necessary to develop a thorough understanding of the geometrical, mechanical and hydrological properties of discontinuities and the way in which these will affect rock mechanics and hence rock engineering.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.77-94
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• 2016

A forked tunnel, as a special complicated underground structure, is composed of big-arch tunnel, multi-arch tunnel, neighborhood tunnels and separate tunnels according to the different distances between two separate tunnels. Due to the complicated process of design and construction, surrounding jointed rock mass stability of the big-arch tunnel which belongs to the forked tunnel during excavation is a hot issue that needs special attentions. In this paper, an elasto-plastic damage constitutive model for jointed rock mass is proposed based on the coupling method considering elasto-plastic and damage theories, and the irreversible thermodynamics theory. Based on this elasto-plastic damage constitutive model, a three dimensional elasto-plastic damage finite element code (D-FEM) is implemented using Visual Fortran language, which can numerically simulate the whole excavation process of underground project and perform the structural stability of the surrounding rock mass. Comparing with a popular commercial computer code, three dimensional fast Lagrangian analysis of continua (FLAC3D), this D-FEM has advantages in terms of rapid computing process, element grouping function and providing more material models. After that, FLAC3D and D-FEM are simultaneously used to perform the structural stability analysis of the surrounding rock mass in the forked tunnel considering three different computing schemes. The final numerical results behave almost consistent using both FLAC3D and D-FEM. But from the point of numerically obtained damage softening areas, the numerical results obtained by D-FEM more closely approach the practical behaviors of in-situ surrounding rock mass.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.20-31
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• 2021

An excavator is a construction machine that can perform various tasks such as trenching, piping, excavating, slope cutting, grading, and rock demolishing. In the 2010s, unmanned construction equipment using ICT technology was continuously developed. In this paper, the path design process was studied to implement the output data of the decision stage, and the path design algorithm was developed. For example, the output data of the decision stage were terrain data around the excavator, excavator mechanism information, excavator hydraulic information, the position and posture of the bucket at key points, the speed of the desired bucket path, and the required excavation volume. The result of the path design was the movement of the hydraulic cylinder, boom arm, bucket, and bucket edge. The core functions of the path design algorithm are the function of avoiding impact during the excavation process, the function to calculate the excavation depth that satisfies the required excavation volume, and the function that allows the bucket to pass through the main points of the excavation process while maintaining the speed of the desired path. In particular, in the process of developing the last function, the node tracking method expressed in the path design table was newly developed. The path design algorithm was verified as this path design satisfied the JCMAS H02 requirement.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제32권6D호
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• pp.637-643
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• 2012

본 연구는 대표적인 TMB 장비 회사인 독일 WRITH사에서 개발한 TMB 공법 적용 현장의 굴진보고서를 수집하여 작업운영 생산성을 분석하였다. 그리고 분석된 자료를 근거로 구경별(3.0m, 3.5m, 3.8m) 굴진속도(m/일)를 도출하였다. 또한, 도출된 구경별 굴진속도를 근거로 독일의 WRITH사에서 구경별로 제시한 1m당 굴진에 소요되는 직접공사비를 적용하여 총 직접공사비를 산출하였다. 암질별 구경별로 도출된 굴진속도는 향후 유사한 암질에서 공사를 수행할 때, 공사 착수 전 총작업일수 및 총직접공사비의 산정을 활용한 공정 계획 및 관리를 수행하는데 효과적인 활용 자료가 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.614-621
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• 2004

Blasting is a technique for rock excavation: For instance, a rock cutting in a mountain side to prepare a base for a road. The blasting damage affect the rock slope stability. Therefore control blasting must be used. In this study, cutting cases of Sixty-nine rock blasts were investigated. Blasting damage patterns in rock slope and reinforcement methods are studied.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 1994

This paper concerns the design of blasts adjacent to structures and facilities. In order to investigate the site characteristics, measurements of in-situ wave propagation and laboratory tests of rock cores taken from the boreholes were carried out. Effects of rock media and delay intervals on ground vibration levels were identified from over sixty measurements of three times of test blasts. For practical use in the field, an empirical propagation equation was derived so as to reflect the characteristics of rock media and delay effects. Safe limits of vibration level for structures were conservatively established based on various suggested criteria. Safe limits for facilities were adopted so that vibration levels induced by blasting should not exceed the allowable limits specified in the manufacturer's installation condition. Suggested were blast pattern and operation to enhance the rock fracturing and to reduce the ground vibration levels under the restricted conditions.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.179-188
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• 2002

본 연구는 한 경부 고속철도 터널의 NATM 굴착에 의한 2 arch 확공 굴착 시 발생되는 진동 및 응력의 변화가 터널 및 인근 사면에 미치는 영향을 사전에 파악하여 안정성을 검토하는 데에 그 목적이 있다. 지반물성치를 산정하기 위해 시추공 조사, TV검층 및 속도검층을 실시하였다. 2차원 해석을 통해 불확실한 지반의 물성을 변수로 간주하고 가능한 범위 내에서 해석을 수행함으로서 특정한 지반 물성이 입력 정수로서 결정되었다. 정적 및 발파 진동에 의한 준-정적(pseudo-static)안전율을 계산하였으며, 3차원 해석을 통해 터널굴착으로 인한 터널 및 터널 주변의 거동과 터널 지보재의 적정성 여부를 조사하였다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.355-365
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• 2008

터널의 굴진에 따른 변위량은 터널 주변지반의 지질상태, 굴착방법, 보조공법 등에 따라 다양한 값을 보여 값을 예측하기 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 선행변위량을 파악하여 터널굴진 시 주변지반의 지표침하 및 상부구조물의 침하량을 예측하고, 상부구조물의 사용성에 영향을 미치지 않도록 보완대책 공법의 대책방안을 수립하기 위하여 수평경사계를 이용하여 굴착이전 막장 전반부에서 발생하는 침하량과 굴착직후 발생하는 침하량을 계측 하였다. 현장계측 결과를 토대로 역해석을 실시하여 최종 지반 물성치를 도출하였다. 도출된 지반 물성치를 이용하여 터널의 굴진이 터널 직상부에 인접한 구조물 기초의 침하거동에 미치는 영향을 분석 하였다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.112-121
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• 1997

The aim of this study was to analyze the slope stability relating to the failure of cut slopes and the characteristics of stress-strain relations obtained by limit equilibrium method, finite element method, and stereographic projection method for the reinforced cut slopes. The following conclusions were made : 1.To use stereographic projection method led to little possibility to take the toppling and wedge failure while to use the other methods led to the failure. It was recommended to reduce the slope inclination from 1:1 to 1: 1.5~1 :1.8 and adopt coir mesh method to protect the slope surface. position with the horizontal displacement after final excavation moved to the excavation base. The maximum shear strain values concentrated at the excavation base indicated the possibility to induce the local failure. 3. It was recommended that the slope inclination for blast rock with the slope height larger than l0m was 1: 0.5, 1:1, and 1: 1~1 :1.5 for hard rocks, soft and ordinary rocks, and ripping and soils, respectively. 4. Berm width criteria for blast rock with the slope height larger than l0m were recommended as follow : 2~3m per 20m slope height for hard rocks, 1 ~2m per l0m slope height for soft and ordinary rocks, 1 ~ l.5m per 5m slope height for ripping and soils.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2008

본 고에서는 공동굴착에 따른 주변 영향영역 암반의 투수 특성 변화를 간접적 방법이 아닌 직접적으로 측정 가능한 현장수리시험장비를 소개하고 국내 지하연구시설(URL) 현장실험에 적용한 결과를 수록하였다. 굴착공동 주변 수리학적 EDZ의 투수계수 측정의 정밀도 향상을 위해서는 잘 설계된 시험장비와 함께 시험결과를 분석 평가하는 기술이 통합된 시스템 개발이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 이를 통해 지하수면 아래 건설되는 공동의 안정성 평가, 방배수 시스템 및 그라우팅 설계의 신뢰도 향상에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.