• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.243-248
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• 2015

Domestic road and railroad construction have been increasingly growing and for reasons of mitigating traffic congestion, urban plan and refurbishment project, deeper and longer tunnels have been built. The event of fire is the most fatal accident in a tunnel, and it can be very disastrous with a high possibility. In this study, QRA (Quantitative Risk Analysis) which is one of quantitative risk analysis approaches was applied to tunnel fire safety design and the evaluation of QRA cases and the cost comparison of QRA methods were carried out. In addition analysis of risk reduction effect of tunnel fire safety system was conducted using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and the priority of major factors that could mitigate the risk in tunnel fire was presented. As a result, significant cost reduction effect could be obtained by incorporating QRA and it is expected to design fire safety system rationally. The priority of fire safety system based on risk mitigation effect by fire safety system considering the cost is in order of water pipe, emergency lighting, evacuation passage and smoke control system.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.211-220
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• 2011

TOD(Transit Oriented Development) has recently been active, which presents that TOD planning elements should be comprehensively taken into consideration in order to enhance domestic transit ridership by changing environments in rail station areas and an empirical analysis on the type of rail station areas and transportation demand should be a prerequisite for usage of future development planning. This study aims to grasp a variety of TOD of influence factors in Seoul rail station area and to perform analysis to identify relationship between public transportation demand and these TOD design factors. To make it come true, we gathered data with respect to Density, Diversity, and Accessibility as representative TOD planning elements and carried out factorial and regression analysis. Consequently, we drew 7 influence factors base on factorial analysis: Factor 1(Diversity/ -Use Mix(LUM)), Factor 2(Density/development density), Factor 3(Accessibility/public transportation facility supply), Factor 4(Design/street design), Factor 5(Green/access mode (pedestrian, bike), Factor 6(Design/subway size), Factor 7(Accessibility/Public transit operation) As the result of model development by using factorial and regression analysis, positive influence factors on passenger flow in rail station area are Factor 1(Diversity : Land-Use Mix), Factor 3(Accessibility : public transportation facility supply), Factor 2(Density : development density), Factor 5(Design/ access mode) and Factor 6(subway size) Next, negative influence factor on passenger flow in rail station area shows Factor 7(Accessibility/Public transit operation) as the most influential factor. This is because the growth of service interval of linked subway and bus leads to reduced demand.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.2 s.88
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• pp.113-124
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• 2006

Among tile traffic safety facilities, median barriers are installed above 4-lane national roads due to the awareness of haying an effect on preventing the front collision. Studies about the installation effect analysis of median harrier have been carried out through both at home and outside, mainly indicating total accident reduction effect on pertinent sections. In sum, study about how the accident occurrence form is changed at the point classified by the accident type or severity is insignificant. In the case of outside the country, calculating the accident reduction effect according to the type of median barriers is main research and in domestic, though there is a part of researches assessing reduction effect by accident types, it is not reliable in the view or statistics because of using only 1year's before-aftev data installing the facility, So in this Paper. it is the main purpose to presume the accident conversion effect. For this, we conduct an investigation and collect data about 7-year's accident data containing before-after Project, safety facilities foundation records and index of road alignment on the subject of 4-1ane national roads(108.6km) existing median barrier. Next. using the empirical bayes method, we estimate a model construction and accident conversion effect of accident type severity. We expect the result or this Paper will be applied for a policy execution and Presentation of facility standard related to median barrier from now on.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.91-98
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• 2023

Some concrete wastewater generated during construction is in the form of non-point pollution sources that workers, managers, and users are unaware of, and it is not easy to manage as it flows through sewage pipes. Due to these characteristics, construction sludge is inflow into rivers and sewage pipes in the form of non-point pollution sources in an unmanaged state. This study applied the D.W.S method to the concrete retaining wall removal method installed on the road, and the resulting concrete wastewater was physically and chemically treated through a mobile sewage treatment facility, and it was examined whether it met the removal efficiency and wastewater discharge acceptance standards. Accordingly, it is intended to meet the standards for effluent concentration of wastewater during construction by removing 73.5% of BOD and 89.1% of SS through physical and chemical treatment through portable sewage treatment facilities during construction. In addition, we would like to review the adequacy and economic analysis of calculating environmental conservation costs for physicochemical treatment through portable sewage treatment facilities and sewage treatment generated during construction.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.239-246
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• 2011

Upon encountering weathering soil at a construction site, it may be necessary to change the design and construction plans for geotechnical structures. When weathering soil is exposed to air, the weathering process proceeds rapidly, resulting in significant damage to geotechnical structures, particle defects, and an increase in moisture sensitivity. The management of weathering-soil compaction is challenging. Because the engineering properties of weathering-soils vary regionally, it is important to report the result of research into the regional characteristics of such soils. At two locations of granite gneiss in the Gansung area of Gangwon-do, geological studies were performed at 22 and 8 sites, respectively. At each site, test samples were collected for analysis by XRD and to measure particle size, consistency, and compaction. To evaluate the suitability of the material for road subgrade, we examined the interrelationship between CBR value and the uniformity coefficient, the 200 sieve passing ratio and the aggregate ${\geq}$ 2 mm) content. We found that for the weathered granite soil, aggregate sized > 2 mm has a significant effect on the CBR value. In addition, the mixing of aggregate sized > 2 mm with sub-quality soil improves the soil condition.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.501-511
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• 2018

As a result of the recent revision of the 'Guideline for Installation and Management of Fire Prevention Facility in Road Tunnels', the thermal buoyancy has to be taken into account when calculating the capacity of jet fans for smoke control in tunnel fires. However, there is no detailed methodologies for considering thermal buoyancy, so further study is needed. In this study, the thermal buoyancy in the tunnel is calculated by 3-D numerical simulation to consider the thermal buoyancy in case of fire in tunnels, and the relationship between heat buoyancy and vehicle drag, And the method of calculating the capacity of the jet fan for smoke control in tunnels. According to the analysis results, heat buoyancy acts as a resistance force in the case of a down-slope tunnel, and the pressure rise of jet fan for smoke control is not simply determined by the value of heat buoyancy at the entrance of the tunnel and the value of the vehicle drag at the exit. And it is analyzed that it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive review according to the location of the fire vehicle in tunnels.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.33-43
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• 2012

As part of recent sustainable transport, bike has come into the spotlight as a green transport at close range to link between walking and public transit and also alterative to solve problems of existing vehicle travel. Some arguments on promotion of using bicycles have already been made in Europe, the U.S and other developed countries. To be sure, much has been written extensively in description of utilization of bike oriented by supplier, for examples, Level of Service with bike path, infrastructure such as bicycle racks and lounge etc. Therefore, our study has been differentiated in development of new evaluation model focused on level of bike user's satisfaction, comprehensively considering suitability for bikeway installation, connectivity of the public transportation system and stability in Incheon City. ANP(Analytic Network Process) analysis which is able to allow consideration of the interdependence of criteria has been hired due to multi-collinearity instead of AHP used in multi-criteria decision analysis. Last but not least, we drew bike route on a case-by-case for maintenance and improvement of its facility in Namdong-gu and Bupyeong-gu. To conclude, suggested finding has dem onstrated the validity of evaluation scheme for bikeways which is appropriate for type and purpose and ultimately this can be used to establish policy decision making for improvement of bikeway.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.46-59
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• 2007

Urban infrastructure is a core of urban growth management which concerns with location, time and costs of development. Despite an inevitable link between development density and infrastructure capacity in urban areas, little study have been performed. For this reason, development activities are undergone without any clear evidence or analysis. The main purposes of this paper are to build subject maps of urban infrastructure capacity which illustrate the level of education service and road capacity, and to give reference standard for development decision at given location. For these purposes, the case study of the high-rise multi-purpose buildings in Daegu metropolitan city is performed. The main findings are follows. First, road ratio is high in the CBD and its surrounding areas as well as rural area, and low in areas of manufacturing, parks and military use. Second, educational facility, represented by the number of student per classroom of elementary school, is fairly abundant across the city, especially in the CBD and rural areas. Third, the high-rise multi-purpose buildings have been built in population-losing infrastructure-abundant areas, in general. Based on these results, this study concludes that the high-rise multi-purpose buildings may induce population-inflow and have low possibility to bring about overly dense developments.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.945-950
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• 2007

The stormwater runoff from paved area are highly polluted because of particulate materials as well as metals from various vehicular activities. The Division of Road Maintenance in Ministry of Construction and Transportation was recently developed the Guidelines of Environment-kindly Road Maintenance. It is actually requiring the BMP construction to control the nonpoint source pollution as based on the TMDL program. This research is carried out in order to define the characteristics of stormwater runoff from the toll-gate of highways since 2006, which is actually one of the main pollutant sources of paved areas. This monitoring is the first phase work for establishing the treatment facilities in the toll-gates. The one of the main characteristics from toll-gate runoff is the first flush phenomenon containing lots of sediments and metal compounds at the beginning of a storm event. Usually it is used to determine the size of treatment facilities and to calculate the reduced pollutant mass in the facility. The research results shows that the mean EMC vaules for heavy metals are determined to $274.3{\mu}g/L$ for Cd, $1,273.4{\mu}g/L$ for Cr, $1,822.0{\mu}g/L$ for Cu, $6,504.9{\mu}g/L$ for Fe, $14,930.3{\mu}g/L$ for Pb, and $714.1{\mu}g/L$ for Zn. Also the metal mass loadings from the toll-gates are calculated using EMC, watershed area and storm duration.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.259-270
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• 2017

In this study, field-scale half-saturated bio-filter wetland equipped with recirculation system was operated with stormwater from the paved road, and its operational performance and functions of LID-BMP were analyzed and compared with other facilities. The reduction of TSS, COD, TN, and TP were 92%, 63%, 36%, and 75%, respectively. Comparison of the reduction efficiency were carried out with respect to ratio between surface and catchment areas(SA/CA). In addition, this LID-BMP facility can reduce about 70% of pollutant by treating only 18% of total rainfall runoff. The results show that LID used for this study gave similar efficiency although its ratio was smaller. In addition, comparison study was made between synthetic fiber as a filter media and organic media, which shows that there was not any significant difference between, TSS and TP reduction, but there were large difference in COD and TN removal due to the presence and absence of release of organic carbon. Meanwhile, wetland system in this study equipped with a first-flush capture gave a higher stability in terms of treatment performance.