• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.22-30
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• 2015

This study evaluated road shape and roadside barrier impact on near-road air pollution dispersion using FLUENT computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. Simulated road shapes are three types, namely at-grade, depressed, and filled road. The realizable k-${\varepsilon}$ model in FLUENT CFD code was used to simulate the flow and dispersion around road. The selected concentration profile results were compared with the wind tunnel experiments. The overall concentration profile results show good agreement with the wind tunnel results. The results showed that noise barriers, which positioned around the at-grade road, decrease the horizontal impact distance (In this study, the impact distance was defined as the distance from road surface origin coordinate to the position whose mass fraction is 0.1.) lower 0.33~0.65 times and change the vertical air pollution impact distance larger 2.0~2.27 times than those of no barrier case. In case of filled road, noise barriers decrease the horizontal impact distance lower 0.24~0.65 times and change the vertical air pollution impact distance larger 3.33~3.55 times than those of no barrier case. The depressed road increase 1.53~1.68 times the vertical air pollution impact distance. It contributes the decrease of horizontal air pollution impact distance 0.32~0.60 times compare with no barrier case.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2015

PURPOSES : This study prioritizes potential technology for establishing a safe work zone environment on roadways. We consider almost all conceivable technologies that enable mitigation of unexpected accidents for both road workers and drivers. METHODS : This study suggests a methodology to set the priority of potential technology for establishing a safe work zone environment by using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). For this purpose, the AHP structure was first developed. Thereafter, a web-based survey was conducted to collect experts' opinions. Based on the survey results, weights associated with the relevant criteria of the developed structure were estimated. With the consistency index (CI) and consistency ratio (CR), we verified the estimated weights. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was performed to confirm whether the estimated weights were reliable. We finally proposed the priority for potential technology for establishing a safe work zone environment on roadways. RESULTS : In the first level, safety technology has the highest priority, and real-time information delivery for work zone, hazard warning for drivers, and temporal automated operation for traffic facilities were selected in the second level of hierarchy. CONCLUSIONS : The results imply that establishing the priority will be useful to establish a future road map for improving the work environment for road workers and drivers by employing appropriate protection facilities and developing safety systems.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.1161-1170
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• 2009

The Roads in Gangwon Province generally was made on purpose to use the military road. In case of these roads, tremendous dangerous cut slopes do exist and its road linear shape was badly designed. In order to make up for this situation, the government has continuously established the new road or performed the public works such as the straight line of the curved road. Soksil 2 cut slope was made through the road improvement work. This has small surface failures and collapses. In spite of dry season, this slope are leaking lots of groundwater at the unbelievable point. So as to get curious phenomenon right, we performed a detailed field investigation, the geomorphological analysis, the stability analysis considering field characteristic and ultimately proposed the countermeasure to make sure stability of Sokil 2 cut slope.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.494-499
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• 2004

Growth in population and urbanization has progressively increased the loadings of pollutants from non-point sources as well as point sources. Therefore, it is necessary to manage both point and non-point sources contaminations for protecting water environment and improving water quality. This study investigated the characteristics of pollutant release over a wide range of rainfall intensities as a requisite to control road runoff that accounts for the largest portion of non-point source contamination in urban areas. Samples of runoff rainwater collected from real road surfaces were analyzed for physicochemical parameters such as pH, suspended solids, and heavy metals. A experimental model road ($30cm{\times}30cm$) was also used to evaluate wash-off properties of pollutants deposited on the surface as functions of time and rainfall intensity. Analysis of runoff samples on rain events showed that the pollutant wash-off patterns for heavy metal and suspended solids were similar. This implies that the particles in rainwater adsorb heavy metals. Experiments using the model road made of impervious asphalt demonstrate a strong first flush phenomenon. At high rainfall intensity, approximately 80% of total pollutants were released within 15 min. The pollutant wash-off rates rapidly increase from 9 mm/hr to 12 mm/hr of rainfall intensity and decrease over 12 mm/hr of rainfall intensity.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.16-26
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• 2023

Recently, the importance of simulation in a virtual driving environment as well as real road-based tests for autonomous vehicle testing is increasing. Real road tests are being actively conducted at K-City, an autonomous driving test bed located at the Korea Automobile Safety Test & Research Institute of the Transportation Safety Authority. In addition, the need to advance the K-City virtual driving environment and build a virtual environment similar to the autonomous driving system test environment in real road tests is increasing. In this study, for K-City of Korea Automobile Safety Test & Research Institute, using detailed drawings and actual field data, K-City virtual driving environment was advanced, and similarity verification was verified through comparative analysis with actual K-City.

• 생태와환경
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• 제38권spc호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2005

The objectives of this study were to understand the runoff characteristics of the non-point sources originating from impervious surfaces and to assess their effect on the aquatic environment in the urban areas. The concentration of pollutants (SS, BOD, COD and T-P) except for T-N showed the highest value in runoff from road, and event mean concentration (EMC) also showed high value from road. The pollutants discharged from road showed a higher concentration in the beginning stage (0 ${\sim}$ 30%) of progressive percentage of rainfall. The contribution percentages of non-point sources by load were 44.9% for SS, 11.2% for BOD, 21.4% for COD, 11.4% for T-N and 8.1% for T-P in the total load of pollutant discharged through sewer. From our results, the road was a significant potential source that deteriorated water quality of the streams and lakes in the vicinity of the urban area during the rain period. Therefore, counter plan is required to reduce pollutant concentration on the road from non-point sources in the urban area. Also, since pollutant concentration in the beginning stage of rainfall was quite high, road cleaning seems to be one of the very useful methods to prevent inflowing of pollutants to the aquatic environment.

• 한국환경생태학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경생태학회 2000년도 정기총회 및 학술논문 발표회
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• pp.51-54
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• 2000

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2016

PURPOSES : This study aimed to offer a greenhouse gases table to assist a road designer in calculating the greenhouse gases for a road environment when making a decision about an alternative road. METHODS : This study developed an operation mode table of greenhouse gases using the MOVES program. Similar factors for Korean vehicles and fuels are reflected in the MOVES program, which was made in the USA. Finally, a paired t-test was conducted to calculate the site data and MOVES data. Through these studies, a methodology was suggested for calculating carbon emissions based on various types of roads alignments. RESULTS : The site results for a passenger truck on the road were statistically significant when the vehicle speed was above 65 km/h. However, a future study will consider factors for various road alignments and vehicles. CONCLUSIONS : This study will contribute to the theoretical basis for reducing carbon emissions from roads by helping road designers make decisions about road alternatives in terms of the road environment.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.541-549
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• 2013

Objectives: We analyzed the characteristics of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) in road tunnels in Seoul. Methods: Particle matter ($PM_{10}$), elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), and 16 species of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in two road tunnels (NS tunnel and HJ tunnel) were sampled and analyzed from 2007 to 2011. Results: Levels of $PM_{10}$ and carbon ingredients which were mainly emitted from diesel-fueled vehicles showed a declining tendency in both road tunnels. PAHs levels in HJ were declining slightly while PAHs levels in the NS tunnel fluctuated considerably and showed an increasing tendency. Conclusions: These results suggested that the abatement project of diesel vehicle emissions by the Seoul metropolitan government from 2007 has had an impact on the reduction of DVE into the air, though there exist many things to consider for analyses.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제35권3B호
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• pp.485-492
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• 2010

지능형 교통 시스템에는 도로 환경 정보 제공, 차량 근거리 네트워크 연동, 추돌사고예방 및 보행자 안전 제공 등의 다양한 분야의 연구가 진행되고 있다. 이와 관련하여 운전자 및 보행자 안전을 위한 감지 정확도, 정보 신뢰성, 유지보수 편의성을 기초하는 USN 기술이 주목 받고 있다. 본 연구는 다양한 센서를 이용하여 USN을 도로에 구축하고 개발된 도로기지국(RSU)과 연동하여 실시간 도로 환경 정보 수집하고 차량단말기(OBU) 및 교통 센터에 제공하는 Road Weather Information System을 개발하였다. RSU는 운전자 안전을 위해 노변 정보를 수집하고 이를 분석하여 서비스 우선순위에 따라 IP와 비콘 서비스를 OBU 및 상위 터미널에 제공한다. 상위 터미널에는 IP 기반 셋톱박스 응용 프로그램을 개발하여 교통 정보 및 도로 환경 정보, 환경 센서 오류 등에 정보를 제공한다. 결과적으로, RWIS는 노변 정보의 실시간 수집을 발전시켜 지능형 교통 시스템에 운전자 안전을 보완하고, 기술융합으로 다양한 서비스 방법을 제시하였다.