• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2001

The water quality simulation was carried out to predict water quality in Tan stream of the Han river using water quality model, QUAL2E. In the end, the future variations in water quality of Tan stream were simulated and the prediction of the impacts of Tan stream on water quality in the Han river was carried out by applying the Tan stream simulation results into the model. The results are as follows. The predicted results of future water quality of Tan stream suggested that the concentrations of BOD, T-N and T-P at Chungdam bridge would increase to 0.68~0.77 mg/$\ell$, 1.33~1.62 mg/$\ell$ and 0.05~0.06 mg/$\ell$, respectively in 2006 and 2011 and that with the implementation of advanced treatment in Sungnam and Tanchun sewage treatment plants, the concentration of T-N would be reduced more as the amount of treated sewage increase, while the concentration of T-P would stay 0.49 mg/$\ell$. The results obtained from simulation of the impacts of future Tan stream water quality improvement on the main stream of the Han river showed that with implementation of advanced treatment in both Sungnam and Tanchun sewage treatment plants, the concentration of T-N, T-P and chlorophyll-a at Hangang bridge and Heangju bridge would be reduced by 11.6%, 7.7% and 20.9%, respectively in 2..6 and by 13.6%, 9.4% and 22.2%, respectively in 2011, which indicates that the effect on the reduction of T-N and T-P would be relatively significant while the effect on the decrease of algae would be slight.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권8호
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• pp.857-870
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• 2020

In this study, the antibiotic components in the final effluent from the 12 wastewater treatment facilities located in the Nakdong River basin were investigated, and the correlation between organic matters, nutrients and antibiotics was analyzed. In the final effluent of the wastewater treatment facilities, three sulfonamides antibiotics (sulfamethazine, sulfathiazole, sulfachlorpyridazine) and tetracyclines antibiotics (oxytetracycline, doxycycline) were detected. Sulfamethazine were detected at all points and ranged from 10.398 to 278.784 ng/L. Sulfathiazole were detected at 6 points (Andong, Gumi, Hapcheon, Miryang, Uiryeong, Haman), and ranged from 23.773 to 144.468 ng/L. The correlation coefficients between sulfathiazole and TSS, COD, TOC, NH₃-N, NO₂-N, and T-N components were high in the range of 0.73 to 0.92. The correlation coefficient between sulfamethazine and T-N was 0.48, and the correlation with the rest of the water quality components was low. The correlation coefficient between sulfamethazine and sulfathiazole was 0.78. Through this study, it was confirmed that the concentration of sulfonamides antibiotics was higher than the concentration of tetracyclines antibiotics in the final effluent of 12 wastewater treatment facilities in the Nakdong River basin, and the concentration of sulfathiazole increased with organic matters and nutrients.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.183-192
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• 2015

Response surface methodology (RSM) based on a Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was applied to optimize the thermal-alkaline pre-treatment operating conditions for anaerobic digestion of flotation scum in food waste leachate. Three independent variables such as thermal temperature, NaOH concentration and reaction time were evaluated. The maximum methane production of 369.2 mL $CH_4/g$ VS was estimated under the optimum conditions at $62.0^{\circ}C$, 10.1% NaOH and 35.4 min reaction time. A confirmation test of the predicted optimum conditions verified the validity of the BBD with RSM. The analysis of variance indicated that methane production was more sensitive to both NaOH concentration and thermal temperature than reaction time. Thermal-alkaline pretreatment enhanced the improvement of 40% in methane production compared to the control experiment due to the effective hydrolysis and/or solubilization of organic matters. The fractions with molecular weight cut-off of scum in food waste leachate were conducted before and after pre-treatment to estimate the behaviors of organic matters. The experiment results found that thermal-alkaline pre-treatment could reduce the organic matters more than 10kD with increase the organic matters less than 1kD.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.837-843
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• 2012

The aims of this study were to investigated the occurrence of caffeine and carbamazepine in Nakdong river basin (8 mainstreams and 2 tributaries) and the behavior of caffeine and carbamazepine under drinking water treatment processes (conventional and advanced processes). The examination results showed that caffeine was detected at all sampling sites (5.4~558.5 ng/L), but carbamazepine was detected at five sampling sites (5.1~79.4 ng/L). The highest concentration level of caffeine and carbamazepine in the mainstream and tributaries in Nakdong river were Goryeong and Jinchun-cheon, respectively. These pharmaceutical products were completely removed when they were subject to conventional plus advanced processes of drinking water treatment processes. Conventional processes of coagulation, sedimentation and sand-filtration were not effective for their removal, while advanced processes of ozonation and biological activated carbon (BAC) filtration were effective. Among these pharmaceuticals, carbamazeoine was more subject to ozonation than caffeine.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제32권A호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2012

In order to examine the tailorability of advanced sewage treatment of a separated sewer pipe, we observed the quality of leaked water in a reactor. A2C affiliation and MBR affiliation decreased by over 78% in cases of BOD, COD, and SS. SBR affiliation decreased by 79.1% in a case of T-N. Overall, the efficiency of T-N on the above affiliations was low. SS had the high efficiency in MBR affiliation. In the end, examination of water quality improvement showed that the quality was improved from 20% to 90%; hence, it is expected that this treatment can protect the water resources of the Hongcheon River and makes it easier to use the water of the river.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2012년도 학술발표회
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• pp.772-777
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• 2012

In order to examine the tailorability of advanced sewage treatment of a separated sewer pipe, we observed the quality of leaked water in a reactor. A2C affiliation and MBR affiliation decreased by over 78% in cases of BOD, COD, and SS. SBR affiliation decreased by 79.1% in a case of T-N. Overall, the efficiency of T-N on the above affiliations was low. SS had the high efficiency in MBR affiliation. In the end, examination of water quality improvement showed that the quality was improved from 20% to 90%; hence, it is expected that this treatment can protect the water resources of the Hongcheon River and makes it easier to use the water of the river.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.1131-1138
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• 2012

The aims of this study were to investigate and confirm the occurrence and distribution patterns of iodinated X-ray contrast media (iopromide) in Nakdong river basin (mainstream and its tributaries). Iopromide was detected in 16 sampling sites. The concentration levels of iopromide on February 2011 and on October 2011 in surface water samples ranged from not detected (ND) to 1481.1 ng/L and ND to 1168.2 ng/L, respectively. The highest concentration level of iopromide in the mainstream and tributaries in Nakdong river were Goryeong and Jincheon-cheon, respectively. The sewage treatment plants (STPs) along the river affect the iopromide levels in river and the iopromide levels decreased with downstream because of dilution effects.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 7th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management Summit Forum on Sustainable Construction and Management
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• pp.353-361
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• 2017

In order to improve the urban ecological environment, the central government has developed a series of water pollution control policies and measures since April 2015, and required local governments to complete the work of the polluted river and lake restoration within specified period. Moreover, the polluted river and lake restoration has been selected as a key evaluation indicator of achievements of the sponge city construction implemented since April 2015. This paper describes how to apply the sponge city construction technology to rehabilitate the polluted rivers and lakes through the polluted water treatment project in Xinghan New Area, Hanzhong and the polluted Huaguping River restoration project in Pingshan District, Shenzhen. The experience and lessons of the polluted river and lake restoration are summed up. Some measures to solve existing problems are put forward.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.13-26
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• 2007

Changes in the characteristics of dissolved organic matter was studied at selected stations in the Nakdong river basin using physical and chemical methods. Characteristics of dissolved organic matters were analysed and assessed. Production of disinfection byproducts were also investigated. 1. Result of relatedness study among each items of analyses showed that relatedness on BOD values were highest with cattle excrement treatment facilities where there is no synthetic organic materials and relatedness on $COD_{Mn}$ were highest at the mainstream Nakdong river. In case of $COD_{Cr}$ (which has more oxidative power than $COD_{Mn}$), the values were higher in the sidestreams indicating the higher content of recalcitrant compounds. The relatedness values for the $UV_{254}$ also showed higher values in the sidestreams and treatment facilities than mainstream indicating the presence of organic aromatic compounds. 2. Ratio of DOC on total organic carbon were higher in the mainstream which is attributable to the influent particulate organic materials produced by agricultural activities. The values were 10-15% higher in the mainstream compared with sidestreams. 3. Result of biodegradability test indicate that concentrations of recalcitrant DOC were higher in the sidestreams than in the mainstream. The values of recalcitrant DOC were higher with the forest stream indicating the effect of soil oriented humic substances. 4. Result of THM production test carried out at 10 stations in the Nakdong river show that $CHCl_3$ was detected with the highest value and the value was highest at Waekwan station.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.203-209
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• 2017

Innovations in the biofiltration process can provide effective solutions to overcome crucial water pollution problems. The elimination of pollutants is a result of the combined effects of biological oxidation, adsorption and filtration processes. This research aims to evaluate the performance of quartz sand biofiltration for removing total suspended solids, turbidity, color, organic matter, and ammonium from polluted river water and develop an empirical model for designing quartz sand biofilters for the treatment of polluted river water. Experiments were conducted using two biofilter units filled with quartz sand as filter media. A set of experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of hydraulic retention time on biofilter performance in removing water contaminants. The kinetics of organic matter removal were also determined to describe the performance of the biofilter. The results show that biofiltration can significantly remove river water pollutants. Removal efficiency depends on the applied hydraulic retention time. At a hydraulic retention time of two hours, removal efficiencies of total organics, ammonium and total suspended solids were up to 78%, 82%, and 91%, respectively. A model for designing quartz sand biofiltration has been developed from the experimental data.