• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.917-925
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between consumer's perceived risks and return behavior on internet clothing shopping. Questionnaires were distributed to the consumers, total 517, males and females, aged from 20 to 39, who had experience of clothing purchasing through internet shopping malls. The results showed that consumer's return factors related to the perceived risks on internet shopping process. The results were as follows. First, factors of perceived risks in internet clothing shopping were categorized into product performance, account-related, delivery, economic, and social psychological risk. 5 consumer types of perceived risk were segmented by low-perceived risk group, product performance/delivery-perceived risk group, account related-perceived risk group, harmony with oneself/account related-perceived risk group, and harmony with others/economic-perceived risk group. Second, the consumer's perceived risks on internet shopping process affected one's return behavior. The factors of return was differentiated on the types of consumer's perceived risk. The relation between consumer's perceived risks and return behavior on internet clothing shopping was significant. Therefore company had better draw various strategies to manage consumer's perceived risk, in order to reduce the returns and improve consumer's satisfaction.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1997년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.24-31
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• 1997

Recently, in Korea, demand for establishment of systematic risk assessment techniques for construction projects has increased, especially after the large construction failures occurred during construction such as New Haengju Bridge construction projects, subway construction projects, gas explosion accidents etc. Most of existing risk analysis modeling techniques such as Event Tree Analysis and Fault Tree Analysis may not be available for realistic risk assessment of construction projects because it is very complex and difficult to estimate occurrence frequency and failure probability precisely due to a lack of data related to the various risks inherent in construction projects like natural disasters, financial and economic risks, political risks, environmental risks as well as design and construction-related risks. Therefor the main objective of this paper is to suggest systematic probabilistic risk assessment model and demonstrate an approach for probabilistic risk assessment using advanced Event Tree Analysis introducing Fuzzy set theory concepts. It may be stated that the Fuzzy Event Tree AnaIysis may be very usefu1 for the systematic and rational risk assessment for real constructions problems because the approach is able to effectively deal with all the related construction risks in terms of the linguistic variables that incorporate systematically expert's experiences and subjective judgement.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to survey the college students' perception of cancer risks, cancer related health behavior, and perception of cancer occurrence possibility before and after age 40. Methods: The subjects were 771 college students who were conveniently selected from two colleges in the Gyeonggi Province. Data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 12.0. Results: The mean score of cancer risk perception was 3.8. The highest score item was 'smoking may cause cancer'. The mean score of cancer related health behavior was 3.0. The highest score item was 'take bath or shower'. Student felt that possibility of developing cancer before age 40 was 20.1% and that after age 40 was 36.2%. The perception of cancer risks was significantly different between male and female, and the health behavior was significantly different between age groups. There were weak relationships between the perception of cancer risks and cancer related health behavior. Conclusion: College students' perception of cancer risks was mostly good, but their behavior to reduce the risks did not match the degree of perception. Students recognized that after age 40 has a higher risk of developing cancer, therefore, intervention on behavioral modification to reduce cancer risks would be beneficial.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.1573-1582
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• 2015

In lifetime data analysis, it is generally known that the lifetimes of test items may not be recorded exactly. There are also situations wherein the withdrawal of items prior to failure is prearranged in order to decrease the time or cost associated with experience. Moreover, it is generally known that more than one cause or risk factor may be present at the same time. Therefore, analysis of censored competing risks data are needed. In this article, we derive the Bayes estimators for the entropy function under the exponential distribution with an unknown scale parameter based on multiply Type II censored competing risks data. The Bayes estimators of entropy function for the exponential distribution with multiply Type II censored competing risks data under the squared error loss function (SELF), precautionary loss function (PLF) and DeGroot loss function (DLF) are provided. Lindley's approximate method is used to compute these estimators.We compare the proposed Bayes estimators in the sense of the mean squared error (MSE) for various multiply Type II censored competing risks data. Finally, a real data set has been analyzed for illustrative purposes.

• Journal of health informatics and statistics
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.318-328
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• 2018

Objectives: People are living longer, but often with diseases or chronic conditions. As a consequence, interest in resolving insurance blind spots is growing. This study provides substandard risk-relevant statistics to help substandard risks who are likely to fall in insurance blind spots obtain insurance coverage, such as the reimbursement of medical costs, as well as to stimulate insurance product development. Methods: This study uses National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) cohort data to determine the relevant statistics. The incidence rates of severe diseases are derived and compared against standard risks to establish a set of relative risk factors. These incidence rates of standard and substandard risks are then compared. Results: Currently, an individual's cancer history is used in the underwriting process for simplified issue insurance. However, underwriting focusing on hospitalization and procedures related to serious illnesses could lower premiums for substandard risks. Moreover, the statistical results could be used to expand the coverage of health insurance products. Conclusions: This study's relative risk factors can be used to derive simplified issue premium rates for substandard risks. They can also be used to implement discount and loading schemes for medical reimbursement insurance and help insurance companies implement proactive risk management.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.851-861
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• 2021

This study aims to explore the specific risks in family small-medium enterprises (SMEs) and explain how they manage these risks to sustain and expand. In Indonesia, family business composes around 95 percent of all businesses and contributes about 80 percent to the country's economy. SMEs contribute approximately 57.8 percent to the nation's gross domestic product. Risk management poses challenges to the family business's survival, as family members do not take actions on risk. The assessment of risk is difficult and family businesses lack the ability to determine risk management priorities, including risk management review processes to evaluate risk, thus leading to family business failures. Applying the case study approach, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted in seven family SMEs comprising fifteen informants. Additionally, a focus group discussion consisting of three experts is conducted to reaffirm the findings from the interviews, observations, and field notes. The research identified the specific risks and how the family owners strategize to safeguard against these risks such as cash flow deficiency, operations dysfunction, cultural frailty, disharmony, transgenerational entrepreneurship failure, political uncertainty, and unprofessionalism. Comprehending these risks and their strategic decisions elucidated in this research could enable the family owners and key non-family professionals to work hand-in-hand to thrive over the family business risks together. Further avenues of research regarding family business risk management are also suggested in this study.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권8호
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• pp.353-364
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• 2011

본 연구는 기존 디지털미디어에 관한 논의들이 기술 생산성과 효과성에 주목하며 낙관적 관점에 경도되어 있다는 비판에서 출발, 디지털미디어가 초래할 수 있는 위험을 구체적으로 확인하고 이러한 위험들에 대한 이용자들의 위험성평가와 위험관리에 대한 의견 등 총체적 위험인식을 확인하였다. 대표적 디지털융합매체인 스마트폰을 구체적 연구대상으로 삼은 결과, 총 4개 차원의 위험유형, '경제적 차원의 위험, 사회-문화적 차원의 위험, 개인적 차원의 위험, 병리적 차원의 위험'을 포함한 17개 위험유형이 분류되었다. 각 위험유형별로 위험성(발생가능성${\times}$위험심각성)을 분석한 결과 발생가능성 측면에 있어서 병리적 차원의 위험이 타 위험들에 비해서 상대적으로 그 발생가능성이 낮은 것으로 나타났고, 심각성 평가에서는 개인적차원의 위험을 타 위험유형들보다 상대적으로 위험성이 높다고 평가하는 경향이 있었다. 다음으로 위험예방과 대응측면에서 예상 외로 정부에 대한 신뢰가 높지 않고, 개인의 역할론에 대한 기대감과 책임성을 높게 평가하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 스마트폰의 위험에 대한 심각성과 발생가능성, 책임성에 대한 평가, 예방대책, 사후처리 방식 등의 요인들을 면밀히 분석하고 적용한다면 향후 타 분야의 디지털미디어 위험을 저감할 수 있는 중요한 정책적 대응방안으로도 확장 할 수 있을 것이다.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2018

국내 중소기업에 있어서 21세기 이후 정보 기술(IT) 아웃소싱은 주요 비즈니스 사항으로 자리잡아왔다. 선행연구들은 성공적인 IT아웃소싱의 주요 요인으로서 주로 고객과 공급자 중 한쪽에 치우친 단일 관점에서 논의하여 왔다. 단일 관점은 대리이론에서 제기되는 바처럼 다른 한 쪽이 중요하게 다루는 위험가능성을 배제하는 논리가 된다. 본 연구는 quasi-Delphi방법론으로 고객과 공급자간의 위험에 대하여 잠재적으로 불일치될 수 있는 사항들을 파악하여 아웃소싱 효율성을 높일 수 있는 방안을 찾고자 하였다. 분석 결과, 불일치되는 위험사항은 첫째, 고객은 공급자의 프로젝트 몰입 부족을 그리고 잘못된 공급자선정기준과 프로세스로 나타났다. 두 번째 고객의 입장과는 달리 불분명한 요구사항 및 프로젝트활동에 대한 전문성 부족을 공급업자에게서 나타났다. 고객과 공급자가 프로젝트 위험관리를 협업적으로 인식하고 관리하는 방안에 대하여 결론을 제시한다.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제11권
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• pp.165-182
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• 2003

본 연구는 이동전화 사용시 소비자들이 느끼는 건강 그리고 경제적 측면의 위험인지 정도를 조사하였고, 이에 영향을 미치는 요인을 조사하였다. 또한, 이동전화 사용시 소비자들의 건강 그리고 경제적 측면의 위험인지 및 관련 변수들이 이동전화 사용 후 소비자 만족도에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 연구결과를 요약하여 살펴보면, 첫째, 이동전화 사용과 관련한 건강 그리고 경제적 차원의 위험인지는 결혼한 소비자에게 높았다. 소득수준이 높을 수록 경제적 위험인지는 적게 느끼는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 이동전화에 대한 경제적 위험인지 만이 소비자 만족도에 유의한 영향을 미칠 뿐, 건강에 대한 위험인지 수준은 이동전화 사용 후 소비자 만족도에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 대체로, 객관적인 정보원천을 이용한 소비자, 이동전화 서비스 업체에 대한 신뢰도가 높은 경우, 이동전화 기능 및 서비스 사용방법에 대한 지식이 높을수록 이동전화 사용 후 소비자만족도가 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.136-143
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• 2004

본 논문은 초기 건설공사의 리스크 관리방법론을 제시한 것으로서, 리스크식별 및 분석을 중심으로 연구를 진행하였다. 리스크식별은 초기 건설공사를 $공통공사\cdot토공사\cdot지정$ 및 기초공사로 구분하여 리스크를 규명하고 작업분류체계에 기반하여 리스크분류체계를 제안하였다. 리스크분석은 리스크분류체계를 바탕으로 퍼지추론을 이용하여 리스크인자의 위험도를 정량화하고 퍼지척도를 이용하여 리스크인자의 중요도를 산정하였으며, 이를 통합하여 상위 리스크인자의 종합위험도를 구하기 위해 퍼지적분을 이용하였다. 리스크인자의 관리 우선순위는 종합위험도로부터 결정할 수 있다. 본 연구에서 제시한 리스크 관리 방법론의 타당성을 확인하기 위하여 사례적용을 실시하였으며, 그 결과 제시한 방법론이 현장 및 공사의 특성을 반영하여 리스크인자의 관리 우선순위를 결정하는데 충분히 활용할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.