• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.81-102
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• 2018

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the reason why smartphone users do not use mobile banking based on Status Quo Bias and to find out whether there is a difference between passive resistance and active resistance. Design/methodology/approach This study made a design of the research model based on Status Quo Bias. SPSS 23.0 and SmartPLS 2.0 were used for the analysis. Multiple group analysis was performed to identify differences between groups. Findings According to the empirical analysis result, this study confirmed that inertia and perceived risk affected smartphone users who do not use mobile banking. According to the type of resistance, the active resistance group(64.2%) was more than the passive resistance group(35.8%), and it was confirmed that there was a difference in the reasons for not using mobile banking between passive and active resistance group. That is, the greatest difference between passive and active resistance groups was found to be perceived risk, which is an assessment of risk.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.95-112
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• 2020

본 연구는 개인이 지닌 인지편향이 지각된 위험 및 창업기회평가와 어떤 연관성이 있는지를 알아보고, 창업집단에 따라 인지편향과 창업효능감이 창업기회를 다르게 평가하는지를 분석하는 것이다. 본 연구를 통해 대학생을 위한 창업교육의 개선점을 찾고, 현직의 창업가가 행하는 의사결정과정에서 어떤 문제점이 있으며 개선 가능성이 있는지를 제시하고자 한다. 대학생과 창업가를 대상으로 설문을 실시하였으며, 총 363명의 설문 데이터를 기반으로 구조방정식모형을 통해 실증하였다. 연구분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 인지편향과 지각된 위험은 유의적인 부의 관계를 가지며, 구체적으로 인지편향 중 과잉자신감과 통제착각은 지각된 위험과 부(-)의 유의적 관계를 가지는 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째로, 인지편향은 기회평가와 유의한 정(+)의 관계가 있으며 구체적으로 통제착각과 현상유지편향과 유의한 정(+)의 관계를 가지는 것으로 분석되었다. 셋째, 지각된 위험은 기회평가와 유의한 부(-)의 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 대학생과 창업가집단을 나누어 살펴본 창업집단간의 차이를 살펴보면 창업효능감이 지각된 위험과 기회평가 사이에서 조절효과를 하고 있다는 것을 대학생집단에서는 확인할 수 있으나, 창업가집단에서는 유의미한 결과를 발견하지 못했다. 또한 대학생집단과 창업가집단은 다른 인지편향을 가지고 있으며, 지각된 위험을 매개로 창업기회평가에 다르게 관계가 있음을 실증하였다. 불확실한 상황에서 판단을 해야 하는 예비 창업가인 대학생과 기존 창업가에게는 시간적인 압박, 또는 스트레스를 원인으로 발생하는 서로 다른 인지편향이 존재하며, 이런 편향의 존재를 인정하고 스스로 자신의 판단을 개선하는 노력을 해야 한다는 점을 확인하였다. 대학생은 높은 창업효능감을 기반으로 새로운 기회에 대한 긍정적인 시각을 지닐 수 있지만, 창업교육을 통해 창업이 가지고 있는 본질적인 위험에 대한 철저한 지각과 함께 직접적인 창업경험에 존재하는 인지편향을 충분히 이해한다면 과거보다 좋은 기회평가를 하게 될 수 있다는 점이다. 본 연구는 대학생과 창업가를 통합하여 실증하였다는 점과 제한된 방식의 임의추출법에 의해 설문응답자를 선정하였다는 점에서 한계를 가진다. 두 번째로 선행연구에서 사용한 측정도구를 번역하여 사용하였으며, 언어 문제로 측정도구의 명확한 의미가 전달되지 않을 수도 있다. 연구의 정확성을 위해 보다 정밀한 척도를 구성할 필요가 있을 것이다.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2022

Objective: Electrical stimulation is an assistive technology used to aid the recovery of upper limb use after stroke. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the effects of electrical stimulation on upper extremity function in individuals with hemiparetic stroke and to develop an evidence base that supports the use of electrical stimulation for upper limb recovery after stroke. Design: A systematic review based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: Studies published before April 20 2021 were collected for this review by searching PubMed, four other databases, and RCTs that reported the effects of electrical stimulation on upper extremity function in individuals with the characteristic stroke type. Information on the following parameters was extracted from each study: surname of first author, published year, country, participants, intervention, intervention's intensity, comparison, outcomes, additional therapy, and summary of results. This review also evaluated the bias within each study, including any selection bias, performance bias, detection bias, attrition bias, and reporting bias. Results: This review included five RCTs, and 208 stroke patients were included in the analysis. Stroke patients who underwent electrical stimulation showed significantly improved grip and pinch strengths, wrist range of motion, and basic daily living compared to those in the control group; however, there was no improvement in upper extremity function. Of the selected papers, 60% showed a "high risk" of performance bias, and 20% showed a "high risk" of detection bias. Conclusions: The results of this systematic review suggest that electrical stimulation provides some benefits to stroke patients, such as improved hand strength and range of motion. However, future studies are needed to provide clinical evidence of the effects of electrical stimulation on upper extremity function in stroke patients.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2011

Objectives: To examine the current status of clinical research in oriental medicine, and to assess 'risk of bias'(ROB) of randomized clinical trials(RCTs) in oriental medicine in Korea. Methods: Special committee for EBM, KOMS(Korean Oriental Medicine Society) reviewed 17 journals related to oriental medicine in Korea (from the first issue to May 2010), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library Issue 2, 2010), and PubMed (1966 to May 2010). Then we selected eligible RCTs in terms of oriental medicine, and assessed 'risk of bias'. Results: We reviewed 12,653 articles from the 17 journals, and 41 articles from CENTRAL and PubMed. After non-clinical articles were excluded, 1,004 articles were left. Among them, the number of eligible studies in terms of oriental medicine was 306. In these eligible studies, 130 were RCTs. Of RCTs, 69 were on acupuncture, 25 on herbal medicine. The proportion of 'unclear' is high in the criteria of 'Allocation concealment', 'Blinding of participants and personnel', 'Blinding of outcome assessment' and 'Other bias'. On the other hand, 'low' has high in the criteria of 'Incomplete outcome data' and 'Selective reporting'. Conclusions: Risk of bias on oriental medicine is unclear in terms of 'allocation concealment' and 'blinding'. For high-quality research in oriental medicine, further research should be needed on randomization and blinding in the RCTs.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.341-349
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• 2020

이 논문은 미세먼지에 대한 낙관적 편향과 우울 관계에서 미세먼지에 대한 주관적 인식 및 위험 인식, 미래 시간 조망의 순차 다중매개 효과를 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 연구 참여에 동의한 참가자 545명을 대상으로 자기보고식 온라인 설문조사를 실시하였다. 특성변인인 낙관적 편향을 독립변인으로, 우울을 종속 변인으로 '미세먼지에 대한 주관적 인식'과 '위험 인식', '미래시간조망'은 매개변인으로 설정하고 SPSS Macro를 사용하여 순차다중매개모형 분석을 시행하였다. 분석 결과, 낙관적 편향은 우울과 직접적인 관련이 있기 보다는 미세먼지에 대한 주관적 인식, 미래시간 조망이라는 간접적인 경로를 통해 순차적으로 우울에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 낙관성의 부족은 미세먼지 대기질을 더 심각하다고 보고하는 경향성 및 제한된 미래 시간관과 관련이 있었으며, 나아가 우울과 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 추후 연구에서 미세먼지로 인한 정신건강은 물론 삶의 질에 좀 더 관심을 두고 연구를 진행할 필요가 있겠다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.137-156
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of taking herbal medicine for the postpartum lactation. Methods: We searched 9 databases for recent three years, that contained four english, two chinese, one japanese and two korean database from September 17, 2016 to December 31, 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were eligible. Measurement of outcome included total curative effective rate, volume of lactation, volume of milk supplement, and serum prolactin concentration. The risk of bias was assessed by two independent authors using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: Total 725 of studies was screened, 11 RCTs were finally selected. Number of participants per study ranged from 60 to 257. The treatment group of taking a herbal medicine is effective for improving total curative effective rate, volume of lactation, volume of milk supplement, and serum prolactin concentration compared with control group. Because most of the studies had considerable heterogeneity in terms of type of intervention and comparison for outcome measurement, meta analysis for quantitative analysis was impossible. Conclusions: This studies showed that taking a herbal medicine is effective on increasing volume of lactation and speeding up the start of the first breastfeeding. However, included studies suffered from incomplete reporting, high or unclear risk of bias and substantial heterogeneity between studies. In the Future, further high-quality RCTs are needed to prove effectiveness of herbal medicine for breastfeeding and reduce the risk of bias.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.135-146
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• 2015

Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate clinical evidence of moxibustion treatment for knee pain. Methods : All processes were independently carried out by three investigators. A literature search was performed in 3 databases from their inception to May 2015. Ten reports were found based on their title, abstract and text. Following this, data extraction and analysis were done using a risk of bias(ROB) and through an assessment of multiple systematic reviews(AMSTAR). Results : 10 studies(6RCT, 2SR, 2CR) were included. Generally, indirect moxibustion was used for knee pain, but only one study indicated the use of direct moxibustion. Moxibustion was shown to be effective in treating knee pain, and the number of required treatments was fourteen on average. In assessing risk of bias, indefinite and uncertain information made all included trials subject to a high risk of bias. On the other hand, SR showed all evaluation items in the assessment of multiple systematic reviews, with the exception of an included or excluded studies list. Conclusions : Because of deficient study design or limited research planning, there is not sufficient evidence to allow for any conclusion about the efficacy of moxibustion for knee pain. Therefore, well-designed high quality trials are needed from now on.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2018

Objectives : This study was performed to review the efficacy of national and international randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating evidence on thread embedding therapy for knee osteoarthritis. Methods : Online databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, NDSL, OASIS, CNKI) were searched for studies where thread embedding therapy was performed for Knee Osteoarthritis from their inception to July 2018. Two researchers independently performed the search. Only RCTs were selected. Eligible studies were selected first by the abstract and the title and then included after full-texts were read. Risk of bias of the included studies were evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Data were narratively summarized. Results : There were 334 studies retrieved from the databases, resulting in analysis of 3 RCTs. There was an average of 1.5 treatment visits over a 7 day period and evaluation tool used was efficacy rate, with traditional acupuncture being the most common control used in the trials. Statistically significant improvement by thread embedding therapy was reported. None of the included RCTs reported on adverse reactions. The risk of bias of the included studies was generally unclear. Conclusion : The review suggests that thread embedding therapy can be effective in knee osteoarthritis. But there was a lack of detailed information about the treatment procedures, and the risk of bias was unclear. Therefore, there is insufficient evidence for thread embedding therapy for knee osteoarthritis.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2021

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chuna manual therapy (CMT) for postpartum low back pain using a systematic review. Methods We performed a literature search using 12 electronic databases up to the end of September 2021. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effect of CMT in the treatment of postpartum low back pain. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Results Four randomized controlled trials were reported statistically significant effect in pain VAS, ODI and JOA of chuna manual therapy compared with moxibution, electro acupuncture, hyperthermia or usual care. As a result of assessing the risk of bias tool, most of the contents of the evaluation items were not identified, so it was evaluated as an uncertain risk. Conclusions CMT may be effective in treating postpartum low back pain. However, evidence was limited due to the small sample size, lack of well-designed RCTs and regional bias. Further well-designed studies are required to obtain stronger evidence.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.405-417
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• 2022

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory immune-mediated condition that has been identified as a potentially malignant oral disorder. Various therapies have been proposed for its management as alternative to corticosteroids. However, no definitive treatment has been identified that can result in complete remission or minimal recurrence. Hyaluronic acid has recently been used as an alternative therapy for the management of OLP. This study aimed to systematically review the effectiveness of Hyaluronic acid in the management of symptomatic OLP. Online electronic databases and manual searches were performed for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English between January 2010 and April 2022. RCTs were identified that compared the efficacy of hyaluronic acid and other interventional therapies at baseline and during follow-up. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores, Thongprasom sign scores, lesion size, degree of erythema, clinical severity, and disease severity were assessed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Seven studies were analyzed. Five studies reported a high risk of bias while the remaining two studies reported an unclear risk of bias. The overall quantitative assessment of size, symptoms, degree of erythema, and sign score in OLP lesions treated with HA was not statistically significant compared to that in the control group (P > 0.05). In addition, subgroup analysis comparing HA with placebo or corticosteroids did not yield statistically significant (P > 0.05) results. Qualitatively, both HA and tacrolimus resulted in an effective reduction in signs and symptoms. Clinical/disease severity index/scores were inconsistent. A high degree of heterogeneity was observed among the included studies. None of the included studies reported the side effects of HA. These findings suggest that corticosteroids, tacrolimus, placebo, and HA could be equally effective in OLP management. The clinical/disease severity index or score reduction cannot be determined with certainty. Thus, OLP can be treated with HA as an alternative therapy. Owing to limited clinical trials on HA, high heterogeneity, and high risk of bias in the included studies, definitive conclusions cannot be derived.