• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.167-173
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• 2018

Malaria is one of the most important public health problems in tropical areas on the globe. Several factors are associated with susceptibility to malaria and disease severity, including innate immunity such as blood group, hemoglobinopathy, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) polymorphisms. This study was carried out to investigate association among ABO blood group, thalassemia types and HO-1 polymorphisms in malaria. The malarial blood samples were collected from patients along the Thai-Myanmar border. Determination of ABO blood group, thalassemia variants, and HO-1 polymorphisms were performed using agglutination test, low pressure liquid chromatography and polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Plasmodium vivax was the major infected malaria species in the study samples. Distribution of ABO blood type in the malaria-infected samples was similar to that in healthy subjects, of which blood type O being most prevalent. Association between blood group A and decreased risk of severe malaria was significant. Six thalassemia types (30%) were detected, i.e., hemoglobin E (HbE), ${\beta}$-thalassemia, ${\alpha}$-thalassemia 1, ${\alpha}$-thalassemia 2, HbE with ${\alpha}$-thalassemia 2, and ${\beta}$-thalassemia with ${\alpha}$-thalassemia 2. Malaria infected samples without thalassemia showed significantly higher risk to severe malaria. The prevalence of HO-1 polymorphisms, S/S, S/L and L/L were 25, 62, and 13%, respectively. Further study with larger sample size is required to confirm the impact of these 3 host genetic factors in malaria patients.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2012

Although reinforcement of work intensity caused by the recent prosperity of shipbuilding businesses and the steady increasing of results which produces orders has difficulties with heavy workload, unique work circumstance in shipbuilding industry where main and subcontractor do the job together is not easy to manage its safety systematically. According to KOSHA(Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency), there were 2, 587 deaths of 95,806 disaster victims a year on average for late 6 years(2003-2008), therein 36,605 disaster victims and 646 death in manufacture where shipbuilding have 2,287 victims, 6.25% of total disaster victims and 45 deaths, 6.97%. Moreover it shows much higher accident rate in shipbuilding industry in Korea than well developed countries in this industry as Japan, Singapore, Taiwan and so it does about 3 to 10 times higher in case of death. Compared to Japan with a shipbuilding competition of orders received system, 2 times and 2.3 times higher for each and it is more than 2 times higher than accident rate of all domestic industries. These increasing of disaster result in a labor-management dispute and it is necessary that more positive efforts and investments because there occurs blind spot, neglected industry safety and health management by lack of them, Therefore this study, for the effective safety and health management of shipbuilding industry, attempts to analyze risk on kinds of ships and budget needed in safety management through classifying ships that are being made recently by three dominate major companies. For this, we carried out a survey and interview targeting experts related to shipbuilding industry and used AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) for result analysis. It is considered that cost of safety and health management will be spent more effectively on the results about risk on kinds of ships and budget needed in safety management in the study and that this study can contribute to decreasing disasters in shipbuilding industry.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권17호
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• pp.7603-7606
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• 2015

Background: The chemotherapeutic agent oxaliplatin can cause acute and chronic forms of peripheral neuropathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of chronic neuropathy and its risk factors in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients treated with FOLFOX or XELOX regimens in the Oncology Ward of Hazrate-Rasoul Hospital in Tehran. Materials and Methods: A total of 130 patients with CRC were entered into our study, aged over 18 years, without history of receiving other neurotoxic agents or other predisposing factors such as diabetes or neurologic diseases and kidney and liver dysfunction. For the FOLFOX regimen, patients received oxaliplatin, 85mg/m2, every 2 weeks for 12 courses and with the XELOX regimen, oxaliplatin was $130mg/m^2$, every 3 weeks for 8 courses. Based on Common Toxicity Criteria (CTC or NCI-CTC v.3), the patients were divided into 5 groups (grades) based on the severity of their symptoms. Results: Fifty-seven patients (43.8%) were male and 73(56.2%) female. Some 19 patients (14.7%) had BMI<20, 97(74.6%) were between 20-25 and 14 (10.8%) ${\geq}25$. In 105 patients (80.7%) neuropathy was found. There was significant correlation between BMI, hypomagnesaemia and especially, severity of anemia in patients with neuropathy compared to those without. Conclusions: Oxaliplatin regimens can induce chronic neuropathy in CRC patients, with anemia, high BMI and hypomagnesaemia as risk factors that can predispose to this kind of neurotoxicity.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.258-264
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• 2010

Objective : The objectives of this study were to analyze the outcome and hemorrhagic risk of intravenous (IV) argatroban in patients with acute ischemic stroke presenting beyond six hours of ischemic symptom onset. Methods : Eighty patients with acute ischemic stroke who were admitted to the hospital beyond six hours from ischemic symptom onset were retrospectively analyzed. We could not perform IV thrombolysis or intra-arterial thrombolysis because of limited time window. So, IV argatroban was performed to prevent recurrent thrombosis and progression of infarcted area. The outcome was assessed by the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and related hemorrhagic risk was analyzed. Also, each outcome was analyzed according to the initial stroke severity, subtype, and location. Results : The median NIHSS was 8.0 at admission, 4.1 upon discharge, and 3.3 after three months. A good outcome was achieved in 81% of patients upon discharge and 88% after three months. Symptomatic hemorrhage occurred in only two patients (3%). IV argatroban was effective regardless of initial stroke severity, subtype, and location. Conclusion : IV argatroban may be an effective and safe treatment modality for acute ischemic stroke presenting beyond six hours of ischemic symptom onset.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.199-209
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• 2020

Objectives : The purpose of this systematic review is to confirm whether Gwibitang is beneficial in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Methods : Clinical trials were searched from databases including Pubmed, Embase, Central Cochrane, CNKI, Wanfang, CQVIP, CiNii, OASIS, Koreamed, and NDSL. The eligible study design was limited into randomized controlled trial, quasi-randomized controlled trial and controlled clinical trial. The outcomes included general effectiveness as nominal scale, and fatigue severity, insomnia severity and quality of life as interval or ratio scale. The meta-analysis and assessment of risk of bias was performed based on the data extracted from the selected trials. Results : The results of eight randomized controlled trials (n=596) were included in the meta-analysis. The results of the synthesis showed Gwibitang is beneficial substantially for relieving and managing the general symptoms, and its heterogeneity was not in important level (RR 0.26 [95% CI 0.17, 0.39], Z=6.47, P<0.00001, I²=0%). Gwibitang was beneficial for alleviating fatigue (SMD -0.78 [95% CI -1.27, -0.30], Z=3.17, P=0.002), but its certainty was low. In case of insomnia, too few trials had been found and their risk of bias was substantial, so no conclusions had been brought to. Conclusions : We found an evidence that Gwibitang could be beneficial for managing and alleviating main symptoms in CFS patients.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2016

Objective: Objective of this study is to provide characteristics of injury frequency and severity by driving condition in large truck-related traffic collisions. Background: Traffic accidents involving large trucks draw a lot of attention in accident prevention and management policies since they bring about severe human and financial damages. Method: In order to identify the major risk factors of accidents by driving condition, 255 recognized traffic accidents by large truck drivers were analyzed in terms of time of the day, road type, and shape of the road. Results: The driving conditions in the results are represented by the following form of combination, "Road Type (Non-expressway or Express) - Shape of Roads (Straight, Curved, Downhill, or Intersection) - Time of Accidents (Day or Night)". In the analysis of injury frequency, Non-expressway-Straight-Day condition was the most frequent one. Meanwhile, Expressway-Curved-Day, Non-expressway-Curved-Night and Non-expressway-Intersection-Night were evaluated as high level in view of injury severity. Also, Expressway-Straight-Night is the driving condition that is the highest in risk among the conditions that have to be managed as grade "High". Non-expressway-Straight-Night, Non-expressway-Downhill-Day, and Non-expressway-Curved-Day are also categorized as grade "High". Conclusion and Application: Safety managers in the fields require basic information on accident prevention that can be easily understood. The research findings will serve as a practical guideline for establishing preventive measures for traffic accidents.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.117-125
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• 2020

The purpose of this review is to confirm whether Soyo-san (Xiaoyao-san) and its modifications is effective on alleviating clinical symptoms in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patients. We collected clinical trials (randomized controlled trial, quasi-randomized controlled trial, controlled clinical trial) to investigate the effects of Soyo-san and its modifications on general symptoms, fatigue, depression and anxiety in CFS patients. The databases used for data retrieval were Pubmed, Central Cochrane, Embase, CNKI, CQVIP, Wanfang, CiNii, OASIS, RISS, and Koreamed. We performed selection/exclusion process from the found studies to conform with prespecified criteria, and assessed the final included trials according to the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The included studies were classified based on the interventions in experimental and control group. Eight randomized controlled trials and one controlled clinical trial (total 921 participants) were eligible and their results were synthesized in the meta analysis. The synthesis showed a considerable effect of Soyo-san and its modifications on improvement of general symptoms (relative risk 0.27 [95% CI 0.19 to 0.39], Z=7.03, P<0.00001; I2=0%) and fatigue severity (SMD -1.20 [95% CI -1.46 to -0.93], Z=8.78, P<0.00001; I2=52%) in CFS patients, while Effect on depression and anxiety were inconclusive. We found that Soyo-san and its modifications were effective for improvement of general symptoms and fatigue severity in CFS post-treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.108-115
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• 2019

Objectives: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a well-known side effect of certain drugs that are used to influence bone metabolism to treat osteometabolic disease or cancers. The purpose of our study was to investigate how high-concentration and low-concentration bisphosphonate (BP) intake affects the disease severity. Materials and Methods: Data collected from the medical records of 52 patients treated with BPs, antiresorptive, antiangiogenic drugs and diagnosed with MRONJ were included in this study. Age, sex, type of systemic disease, type of drug, duration of drug treatment, jaw area with MRONJ, drug administration protocol, and MRONJ clinical and radiological findings were obtained. Patients were divided into two groups: anti-neoplastic (Group I, n=23) and anti-osteoporotic (Group II, n=29). Statistical evaluations were performed using the IBM SPSS ver. 21.0 program. Results: In both groups, more females had MRONJ. MRONJ was found in the mandibles of 30 patients (Group I, n=14; Group II, n=16). When we classified patients according to the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons staging system, significant differences were seen between groups (${\chi}^2=12.23$, P<0.01). More patients with advanced stage (stage 2-3) MRONJ were found in Group I (60.9%). Conclusion: According to our results, high-concentration BP intake, age and duration of drug intake increased disease severity.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2022

Purpose: Despite previous studies reporting the development of rhabdomyolysis (RM), this affliction tends to be neglected as an envenomation sign in South Korea. The current retrospective study investigates the prevalence and prognosis of RM after a snakebite. We further searched for predictors of snakebite-induced RM, which can be observed at presentation. Methods: This study included 231 patients who presented to the ED within 24 hours after a snakebite. The patients were classified according to the severity of RM, and the data, comprising baseline characteristics and clinical course including the level of creatine kinase (CK), were collected and compared according to the severity of RM. Results: The prevalence of RM and severe RM were determined to be 39% and 18.5%, respectively. Compared to the group without RM or with mild RM, the group with severe RM had a higher grade of local swelling, a higher frequency of acute kidney injury and neurotoxicity, and a greater need for renal replacement therapy and vasopressor administration. However, the incidence of acute renal injury in the RM group was 7.7%, with two patients needing renal replacement therapy. No mortalities were reported at discharge. Results of the multinomial logistic regression model revealed that the WBC levels are significantly associated with the risk of severe RM. Conclusion: RM should be considered the primary clinical sign of snake envenomation in South Korea, although it does not seem to worsen the clinical course. In particular, physicians should pay attention to patients who present with leukocytosis after a snakebite, which indicates the risk of developing RM, regardless of the CK level at presentation.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2017

Objectives: The aim of this study was to verify relationships between light- and heavy alcohol drinking and health-risk behaviors such as smoking, inappropriate weight control, physical inactivity, and sexual activity among adolescents. Methods: The data of 68,043 adolescents in middle- and high school collected from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey in 2015 were analyzed. For statistical analysis, logistic regression model was used. Results: The rate of heavy alcohol drinking increased with increasing age up to 21.5% among boys and 13.9% among girls. Among boys, heavy alcohol drinkers were at a higher risk of smoking (adjusted odds ratios [OR]=3.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.8-3.8), inappropriate weight control (OR=1.7; 95% CI=1.4-2.1), having sexual intercourse (OR=3.6; 95% CI=3.0-4.2) than light drinkers. Multiple health-risk behaviors of smoking, inappropriate weight control and sexual intercourse also increased in accordance with the severity of drinking alcohol beverage compared to non-drinker. Physical inactivity was decreased among heavy drinkers compared to light drinkers (OR=0.8; 95% CI=0.7-0.9 for inactivity of moderate exercise). Similar results were observed among girls. Conclusions: Alcohol drinking especially heavy alcohol drinking among adolescents is related to other risky behaviors including smoking, inappropriate weight control, and sexual activity. To prevent health problems in adolescents, it is necessary to adopt a combined approach regarding heavy drinking and health-risk behaviors.