• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.63-74
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• 2007

불확실한 지반의 상태는 항상 터널 건설에 있어서 많은 문제점을 일으킨다. 그러므로 새로운 터널의 건설에 앞서 위험에 대한 평가가 필요하다. 이 논문은 수정된 안정계수를 이용한 간편 위험도 평가 시스템인 URI(Underground Risk Index)를 제안하였다. URI의 평가요소들은 각 요소의 등급에 따라 점수화하여 분석함으로서 설계단계에서 위험 가능성에 대한 평가에 이용이 가능하도록 하였으며, 기존의 Interaction Matrix에서 8개의 설계 요소 중(RQD, 일축압축강도, 풍화도, 안정계수, 토피고, 지하수위, RMR, 투수계수)안정계수 산정방법을 수정하여 보다 신뢰성을 높였다. 또한 현장적용에 대한 신뢰성을 검증하기위하여 URI 시스템을 실제현장에 적용하였다.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 본 학회지(제9권, 제5호 (2010년 10월))에서 발표한 교통약자보호시스템이 설치되어 있는 지역에 대한 어린이 지킴이 서비스 만족도 평가기준을 단순한 보호자 만족도 평가에서 벗어나 객관적인 구축평가 기준으로 정립하였다. 또한, 인식장치를 신규배치하기 위한 지역에 대해서는 사전 예측평가를 실시하여 인식장치 적정배치에 판단근거로 삼아 효율적 예산집행이 가능하도록 하였다. 시스템 구축평가에서는 가장 기본이 되는 최대 안심 거리는 72.2m로 나타났다. 이를 토대로 위험도개념을 도입하여 심리적위험도와 사고위험도를 종합한 위험도 순위에 따라 인식장치를 인식장치 배기거리에 맞게 배치하는 방식으로 향후 사업이 진행될 수 있도록 평가기준을 제시하였다. 평가기준에 의거 사례지역에 대한 종합위험도 평가결과 시범사업 후 종합위험도가 35.2% 감소한 것으로 평가되었다. 또한, 예산 규모 내에서 인식장치를 배치기준에 의해 설치할 경우 전체적으로 위험도가 33.1% 낮아져 예산규모는 당초 시범사업보다 21.9% 적게 투입하고도 종합위험도는 당초 시범사업의 94% 수준까지 낮출 수 있어 본 연구에서 정립한 위험도에 따른 인식장치 배치방법이 종합위험도 감소와 예산절감에 향후 효과적으로 적용될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한간호
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.46-62
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to identify the level of HIV/AIDS related knowledge and attitudes of Korean childbering women. The subject were 1152 Korean women who were living in the Seoul area and whose age was between 17-50 years. Data was collected by self reporting with a questionnaire of 57 items developed by the researcher. The reliability of the instrument for the HIV/AIDS related knowledge and attitudes were Cronbach's alpha. .6954 and .7987 respectively. The results were as follows: The mean age of the subjects was 26 years and 46.8% of them were married. The mean score for HIV/AIDS related knowledge was 14.7 out of a possible maximum score of 22. The correct answer rate for HIV/AIDS related knowledge was between 87.0-94.1% for the risk factors. and 36.4-54.8% for the transmission mode. Even though 87% of the subjects knew that homosexuals are risk group for HIV/AIDS. only half(55.8%) of the subjects answered that anal sex is the transmission mode. And only 57% of the subjects knew that HIV/AIDS transmission is possible through heterosexual contact. Their agreement level for attitudes was in order of communal coping (95%). pregnant women protection (94%). Problem appraisal (82%). patients isolation(68%). and disclosure of infection(67%). It was shown that the group who had a pregnancy (t=2.07, p=.039), used contraceptives (t=2.57, p=.OO1). and the group of college level graduates(t=3.61, p=.000) had a higher level of HIV/AIDS related knowledge. The agreement level of pregnant women protection. patient isolation. and problem appraisal were higher in the group of having had a pregnancy, having used contraceptives. and the group over 30 years of age. It was concluded that Korean childbearing women were quite knowledgeable about the risk factors but confused about the transmission mode. especially heterosexual contact. and they showed responsive attitudes to the HIV/AIDS issues considering the 339 infected cases in Korea. They preferred isolation of patients and communal coping as behavioral attitudes. Therefore it can be suggested that a HIV/AIDS prevention program should be focused on transmission mode.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.185-197
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• 1999

In the family life cycle, the most important task the families with school children should perform is ‘child education’ and ‘socialization’ However, economic stress on poor families with school children presents multiple problems through the shortage of resources necessary for child education and socialization, inappropriateness of family appraisal, and the insufficiency of the control channels for the efficient management of these confined resources and appropriate appraisal. The objectives of this article are : First, to report research on the actual conditions of the poor families in one area of Cheju and on the relevant health welfare policy, and to examine the appropriateness of the direction and the substance of this policy in terms of the intervention in economic stress on the poor families under the categories of resource management and control of appraisal. Second, to analyze qualitative data extracted from the memoirs of single-parent families living in several areas of Korea under the conceptual framework constructed by literature review in order to get a better understanding of the stress which poor families with school children have experienced. And third, to confirm the factors that can be risk factor but, at the same time, strength to these poor families from presented data and to use them as the basic data from which an intervention model can be developed, based on resource management and control of appraisal. The findings of this article are : First, while the number of absolute poor families in one area of Cheju is increasing and, as a result, the danger of the possibility that multiple problems will occur is also growing, the supporting level of the current policy is no more than a direct resource offer and there is no evidence that resource management is being professionally carried out. When it comes to control of appraisal, due to absence of the professional human resources in this matter, policy performances such as technical education training can have a negative impact. Second, a conceptual framework introduced in this article, ; Economic Pressure → Helplessness → Poor self-esteem → Marital Conflict → Parent-Child financial conflict → Inappropriate socialization → Poor child social competence : is partly verified. And third, judging from the results of the qualitative data, it is confirmed that the healing families, having overcome poverty, show several positive characteristics including : hope, strength, and social support. These findings are identified with the factors of resiliency considered above. According to these results, this article suggests the following. The anti -poverty policy in the future should focus not only on a direct resource offer but also on resource management and the control of appraisal that can magnify its effects. In particular, close attention should be paid to school children since they are in the most crucial period for socialization. Moreover, an emotional labor is such an essential resource for intervention that skilled nurses should play pivotal roles.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.129-143
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• 2021

Objectives This study was aimed to evaluate clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) of traffic injuries, which has already been developed at domestic or outside of country, and to explore the Korean medical treatments included in the CPGs. Methods Twelve electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure [CNKI {Chinese Academic Journals, CAJ}], Research Information Sharing Service [RISS], Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System [OASIS], KoreaMed, Korean Medical Guideline Information [KoMGI), National Guideline Clearinghouse [AHRQ], Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials Initiative Website [COMET], Turning Research into Practice [TRIP], The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence [NICE], and Medical Research Information Center [MedRIC]) up to July 2021 were searched. Only systematically developed CPGs for traffic injuries were selected and appraised. The appraisal was conducted by using Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation (AGREE) II tool. Results Six CPGs were included and evaluated. All CPGs were appraised as highly recommended because they exceeded 60% in more than 4 among 6 domains of AGREE II, including domain of 'rigor of development', and 30% in the rest. Recommendations related to Korean medicine treatments such as on manual therapy related to Chuna were given in 6 CPGs, 4 for acupuncture, 1 for Qigong and 1 for Taping. Conclusions The 6 CPGs were developed up to now through a systematic development methodology and there were many recommendations for Korean medical treatments related to manual (Chuna) treatment, acupuncture and Qigong. However, the evidence for the side effects and risk factors of Korean medical treatments was scantly reflected in CPGs. Therefore, it is considered that balanced CPG with benefits and risks should be developed, covering Korean medical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.3805-3807
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• 2016

Literature on the relationship between recurrent urinary tract infections and urinary bladder carcinoma risk has been inconsistent. Therefore, we carried out this systematic review of observational studies to ascertain if there is any association between chronic urinary tract infection and urinary bladder carcinoma. A total of 10 databases were searched using Boolean: CINAHL, PUBMED, Google Scholar, Medline, Science Direct, SCIRUS, Cochrane, UK PubMed central, NHS evidence and WHO-website. The search yielded an initial hit of 3,518 articles and after screening and critical appraisal, seven studies were included for this review. Four articles reported an association between chronic urinary tract infections and bladder cancer while three concluded a weak or no association at least in one gender. Main findings in this review were that most of the studies reported an association between chronic urinary tract infections and bladder cancer risk. However, inferences about the causal association between chronic urinary tract infections and bladder cancer risk should be drawn cautiously considering the methodological limitations of case-control studies included in this review. Therefore, more empirical evidence is needed to determine the causal nature of relationships between chronic urinary tract infections and bladder cancer risk.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.4963-4968
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• 2014

Background: We evaluated whether providing health risk appraisal for Koreans (KHRA) in terms of 'health age' during smoking cessation program would effectively help smokers quit smoking or not. Materials and Methods: A total of 332 male smokers aged between 30-65 years old, registered for a smoking cessation program in a public health center in a city, were recruited and underwent a baseline survey from January 2010 to February 2011. They were then prospectively randomized to a conventional counseling group (n=165) or a KHRA group (n=167), and received conventional counseling or KHRA-based counseling for six months. Abstinence rates were identified through carbon monoxide measurement (at the $4^{th}$ and $24^{th}$ weeks) or urinary cotinine level (at the $12^th$ week). Results: The abstinence rate confirmed by exhaled carbon monoxide was significantly higher in the KHRA group (61.1%) than the control group (49.1%) at the $4^{th}$ week (absolute difference 12.0%, 95% CI: 1.4%-22.6%). However, there was no difference in abstinence rates between the two groups at the 12th and 24th weeks. The predicting factors of 24 week's smoking cessation success were age, older than 50 years old (OR 2.02, 95% CI: 1.16-3.52), lower Fagerstr$\ddot{o}$m Test for Nicotine Dependence score less than 4 (OR 1.84, 95% CI: 1.03-3.29), and higher Self Efficacy/Temptation score (OR 1.79, 95% CI: 1.05-3.06). Conclusions: Smoking cessation counseling with KHRA could be effective compared to conventional counseling in the short period of smoking cessation. Further study is needed to evaluate the long-term efficacy of KHRA in tobacco dependence treatment and to establish the indication and target population of this tool.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.197-215
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• 2016

Purpose This study aims to investigate the factors that influence decision making in relation to providing personal information on the internet with respect to the integration of the privacy calculus theory and protection motivation theory based on the dual-calculus model proposed by Li(2012). Design/methodology/approach The privacy calculus theory and protection motivation theory have been applied to explain privacy behavior to a certain degree but few studies have been conducted to explain privacy behavior based on the integration of these two theories. Although Li(2012) proposed the dual-calculus model, he only proposed its framework and did not carry out an empirical study. Therefore, this study proposes a research model that integrates these two theories and examines the relationship between the two theories through an empirical study. Findings According to the results of empirical analysis, it was found that all relations have statistically significant explanatory power except the relation between coping appraisal and privacy risk in the risk calculus process. Thus, the results verify that external threat played a decisive role in increasing the risk level of a consumer's privacy. It can be discussed the ways to enhance the privacy behavior of consumer on the internet through these findings.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.89-101
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• 1997

Breast cancer ranks as one of the major health problems in adult women. The purpose of this study is to determine relationships among the practice of Breast Self-Examination(BSE) and the variables of cancer risk and other genernal factors. This knowledge may be helpful in designing a BSE educational program to promote breast self-examination on a regular basis. The study population included 205 women who live in K city. Personal interviews were conducted to determine the individual's breast self-examination behavior, the level of Breast Cancer Risk according to general factors as well as her reasons for not doing a breast self-examination. The collected data was analyzed with an SAS program The results were summarized as follows : 1. The level of Breast Cancer Risk of the subjects is as follows: high risk(9%), moderate risk(11%), boderline risk(12%), no increased risk (68%). 2. There was no difference in the practice of BSE between women who were at high cancer risk and at no increased cancer risk. 3. BSE practice levels according to general foctors were significantly related to the residence and the level of education of the subjects. The performing of regular breast self-examination in urban areas was 7% and in rural areas was 0%. Regularly practiced breast self-examination in women with a low education was 5% and in college educated women, it was 29%. 4. BSE education was significantly related to the residence and the level of education of the subjects. The majority learned BSE through 'a magazine or journal'. 5. The reason of the majority of women did not perform a regular breast self-examination was, 'Didn't know the BSE technique'. On the basis of this study it can be concluded that the development of a BSE education program is needed to help women perform the examination correctly.

• 기술경영경제학회:학술대회논문집
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• 기술경영경제학회 1997년도 제11회 하계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.57-82
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• 1997

This paper empirically examines various personal characteristics and preferences of HRM (Human Resorce Mamagement) systems using data from 968 R&D professionals in 9 private R&D organizations. It identifies different patterns of reward and career development needs associated with 4 types of R&D professionals, who are categorized by personal characteristics: personality and attitude. A productive leader type shows active personal traits (which encompass high scores of need for achievement, risk-taking propensity, tolerance for ambiguity, and self-efficacy) and positive attitudes (which include high scores of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and low scores of turnover intention), while a cynical bystander type exhibits passive personal traits and negative attitudes toward a job. A passive adapter, who has passive personal characteristics but positive attitudes, and a frustrated champion, who is active in personality but negative in current job attitude, lie in between them. The results reveal that: 1) These four different types of R&D professionals show differences in their education, age and tenure level, and technical performance. 2) They have different career orientations and problem solving styles. 3) They also exhibit different preferences in performance appraisal criteria and rater, and reward structures. Based on these findings, this study suggests a contingent type of human resource management in terms of selection and staffing of R&D professionals, performance appraisal, incentive systems, and career development plans.