• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.20-32
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• 2013

This study is aimed at identifying the relationship of transit accessibility types to its related travel frequency in the Seoul metropolitan area. A multi-level poisson regression model is employed after categorizing transit accessibility into 18 types based on locations of residential and work workplace. Analysis results offer three policy implications in improving transit use in the Seoul metropolitan area. First, increase in transit ridership can be more effectively attained when policies concerning both competitive and complementary relationships between bus and rail transit are incorporated. Second, transfer system needs to be focused on such two modal perspectives as one travels from Seoul to suburban area and residential areas given the fact that walking accessibility to bus transit is good but that to rail transit is poor. Third, it is more effective to emphasize rail transit priority rather than bus transit, especially for the travel from suburban area to the city of Seoul in order to increase transit ridership.

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 1998.09a
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• pp.3-16
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• 1998

The goal of the transportation policy of Seoul is to increase the ridership of the subway system by constructing the public transportation network, the subway system. To accomplish this goal, the city of Seoul has been constructing the Metropolitan Subway System. Currently, seven subway lines which connect major areas in Seoul are operating. However, the ridership of subway system was not increased as much as we expected, even though more subway lines have been implemented. It seems that although the length of the subway line was extended, the current way of the subway operation that trains stop at every station cannot satisfy the passenger's need. Thus, we should try to increase the demand by providing quicker services and diversifying the subway operations; changing the point of view is required. This paper introduces the distinctive features of the express subway system and the model for analysing the effects of that system. This paper also presents the results for the feasibility study of the express subway system on the 5th Subway Line and Kyong-Eue Railway Line. Based on the results of the case studies, We can conclude as : First, the express system reduces a total travel time by about $13\%$; in particular, the Kyong-Eue Line is more effective than the subway Line ${\sharp}5$. Second, the shorter headway of express trains increases the time saving effects on subway system although it requests more waiting time to low-speed train passengers. When the service frequency is increased from 5 to 7.5 times/hour, total saved time ratio is about $10\%$ in the Subway Line ${\sharp}5$ and about $18\%$ in the Kyong-Eue Line.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.1084-1092
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• 2005

Various urban transport policies have an effect on urban transit riderships. This study reports variations of metropolitan subway travel patterns affected by an enormous change in bus routes and transfer discount policy between subway and bus mode conducted by Seoul city in July 1st of 2004. In an effort to see the difference between the before and the after policies, two datasets are prepared. Firstly, on a daily bassis, an origin-destination trip table of May of 2004 is used. Secondly, on a daily bassis, an origin-destination trip table of August-September of 2004 is used as a counter measure. Even if seasonal variation was not considered. there were increasing riderships of about 0.25 million on a daily basis. Subway line 2 and 7 have an important role in changes. The effects or system changes, however. largely varied on location and subway line numbers.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.919-929
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• 2009

2008, Seoulmetro transports an average of 3,952,000 passengers every day with a 0.8% increase of the daily ridership compared to last year.(Korean Economics '09.01.21) Seoul subway systems ridden by a considerable number of Seoul citizens place their top priority on swiftness, safety and clean underground air quality so as to meet the customer satisfaction. One of the most important problems is to eliminate minute dust(PM10) among the pollutants such as the gas attributable to air pollution and floating particulate matter defined by the ordinance of the Ministry of Environment. Seoulmetro install and operate many kinds of air filtration facilities, however we've launched a research on "Standardization Plan on Underground Air Filtration Facility" for the installation and improvement of optimum standardized air filtration system. As a preliminary study, we're going to consider ventilation system and air filter to supply filtered metropolitan outdoor air aimed at ensuring clean underground environment.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.1316-1321
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• 2004

Recently, since demands of energy saving and efficiency for electric railway system have been increased, the study for electrical operation system is needed. Therefore, case study according to increase of energy consumption, investigate the actual conditions of the operation of electric cars and lightings were analyzed. From the results therefore, it is found that the energy consumption of electric car is much more winter than summer, because heating for protect of the air pipe frozen. But the energy consumption of electric equipment of station office is much more summer than winer, the reason for air-conditioner. In future, according to outdoor air temperature and ridership, ,wish to study about system that can operate cold, block heater automatically.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.17-27
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• 1989

A nonlinear programming model for evaluating public transit fare system is proposed. The model finds transit fare level and the structure that maximizes gross fare-box revenue subject to constraints on minimum ridership and the form of the fare equations. It is assumed that the demand for transit is a function of fare and its own-fare elasticity. It is assumed that the demand for transit is a function of fare and its own-fare elasticity. It is also assumed that the conditions including fare of the other modes are unchanged ; i.e., partial equilibrium. Empirical study has been performed for the case of Seoul subway system. This study includes an analysis of fare structure ; flat system and distance-based fare system. Sensitivity and comperative static analysis for elasticity has been also demonstrated.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.139-150
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• 2018

This paper investigated the human distribution in subway station areas in Seoul, using geotweets and subway ridership data. Eight stations were selected from the districts of Gangnam and Gangbuk. Geotweets located within a 600-meter radius of the central coordinates of each station were extracted, and distances between the center of station and each tweet location were calculated. Donut-shaped dimension and pie-shaped dimension were generated, using the Haversine distance formula and the Azimuth angle formula respectively. By combining the two dimensions, Dartboard-shaped space division is created. Popular places within the subway station areas identified from this research are almost the same as the current well-known popular places, and this is an important case showing that people send tweets from various places where they engage in daily activities. We expect this study can be a methodological guideline for social scientists who use spatio-temporal or GPS data for their research.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.137-144
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• 2007

This study involves an analytical approach to determine transit dispatching schedules (headways) Determining a time schedule is an important process in transit system planning. In general, the transit headway should be shorter during the peak hour than at non-peak hours for demand-responsive service. It allows passengers to minimize their waiting time under inelastic, fixed demand conditions. The transit headway should be longer as operating costs increase, and shorter as demand and waiting time increase. Optimal headway depends on the amount of ridership. and each individual vehicle dispatching time depends on the distribution of the ridership. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the dispatching scheme consistent with common sense. Previous research suggested a dispatching scheme with even headway. However, according to this research, that is valid for a specific case when the demand pattern is uniform. This study is a general analysis expanding that previous research. This study suggests an easy method to set a time table without a complex and difficult calculation. Further. if the time axis is changed to the space axis instead, this study could be expanded to address the spacing problems of some facilities such as roads. stations, routes and others.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.589-599
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• 2014

This paper analyzes the forecasting errors of traffic volumes by comparing forecasted volumes for the opening year with the observed ones in the years after the urban railway construction in the metropolitan areas. The result shows that the average inaccuracy of traffic volumes for each station was estimated at around 7.27. Based on the confirmed factors of demand estimation errors, this study seeks for an alternative method to reduce estimation errors in feasibility studies. It is noted that there is a tendency that the inaccuracy varies by regions and the longer construction period or the shorter station spacing is, the overestimation increases. If urban railway projects are proceeded as planed, therefore, the level of the inaccuracy for traffic volume forecast will be decreased. In addition, thanks to the theoretical progress, recent estimation results show higher accuracy than before. In that sense, when we introduce the new railway line, it is necessary to make an accurate and realistic demand forecast based on actual outcomes and tendency of the previous estimation. The limitation of our study is that we only cover the errors of the initial period, the opening year and deal with the exogenous variables. Further research including other variables which might be considered to cause overestimation or errors would be needed for increasing the estimation accuracy of traffic volumes.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2019

With commercial apps popular in EU, MaaS has been emerging around the globe as a new approach to worsening urban traffic problems. In contrast, it is still mainstay in Korea simply discussing the concept and necessities of MaaS, rather than seeking for real-world solutions for the commercialization. The purpose of this research is to analyze the demand-side i1mpacts of travel time and cost changes according to MaaS adoption, and to see its commercial feasibility in Korea. The 2010 KTDB traveler's nationwide OD data is used to estimate the level of fare discount for balancing the mode shift and fare revenue changes followed by MaaS implementation. The analysis results show that MaaS leads to the increase of public transport ridership as a result of the diminishing travel cost and time, and that the time saving works more positively for ridership increase. Also, the optimum level of fare discount is estimated 2.56% without damaging the revenue. This finding reveals that MaaS impact is superior to the other single-sided public transport inventive measures since it can affect both travel cost and time reduction at the same time.