• 한국작물학회지
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.329-341
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to determine the genetic diversities of major rice blast resistance genes among 84 accessions of aromatic rice germplasm. Eighty four accessions were characterized by a dominant 11 set of PCR-based SNP and CAPS marker, which showed the broad spectrum resistance and closest linkage to seven major rice blast resistance (R) genes, Pia, Pib, Pii, Pi5 (Pi3), Pita (Pita-2), and Pi9 (t). The allele specific PCR markers assay genotype of SCAR and STS markers was applied to estimate the presence or absence of PCR amplicons detected with a pair of PCR markers. One indica accession, Basmati (IT211194), showed the positive amplicons of five major rice blast resistance genes, Pia, Pi5 (Pi3), Pib, Pi-ta (Pi-ta2), and Pik-5 (Pish). Among 48 accessions of the PCR amplicons detected with yca72 marker, only five accessions were identified to Pia gene on chromosome 11. The Pib gene was estimated with the NSb marker and was detected in 65 of 84 accessions. This study showed that nine of 84 accessions contained the Pii gene and owned Pi5 (Pi3) in 42 of 84 accessions by JJ817 and JJ113-T markers, which is coclosest with Pii on chromosome 9. Only six accessions were detected two alleles of the Pita or Pita-2 genes. Three of accessions were identified as the Pi9 (t) gene locus.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2001년도 춘계 학술대회지
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• pp.70-71
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• 2001

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2022

Low-temperature germinability (LTG) is an important trait for the direct seeding of rice in temperate and high altitudes regions. Water temperature of rice fields at sowing season is frequently under 15℃ in Korea, resulting in poor seedlings establishment. The objective of this study was to phenotypically and genetically evaluate 600 rice germplasm composed of six rice subpopulations. In the phenotypic evaluation, aus (AUS) showed the highest visual rating (VR) and germination rate (GR) of 5 and 83.1%, respectively, than other subpopulations. The lowest value of VR (7.1) and GR (53.1%) was observed in aromatic (ARO) subpopulation. Association of the phenotype for LTG with the genotype for qLTG3-1, a major QTL for LTG, and other three SNP markers (LTG_8, qLTG4b-1, qLTG2-6) was conducted. The results suggested that the allele distribution of two markers, qLTG3-1 and qLTG2-6, affects the difference in VR and GR between subpopulations. qLTG4b-1 and LTG_8 were also highly significant with LTG in all subpopulations except that qLTG4b-1 did now show significance in AUS. Therefore, the combination use of these four markers might be effective for evaluation of LTG in rice germplasm.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.71-71
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• 2017

Stable stand establishment is pre-requisite in direct rice seeding system for obtaining optimal yield of rice crop in rain-fed and waterlogged areas. Anaerobic condition on waterlogged soil causes low germination which significantly reduces crop yield. Due to low availability of tolerant genetic material for anaerobic germination, there is urgent need to evaluate rice germplasm for better germinability under anaerobic conditions. Seeds of the 185 rice accessions were evaluated for germination vigor and coleoptile length under anaerobic conditions. The variation among germplasm was tested for significance using analysis of variance and various multivariate components. Significant level of variation was observed among all accessions for germination vigor and coleoptiles length. Although highest mean values for coleoptiles length (2.1cm) and germination rate (60%) were observed in japonica accessions but maximum coleoptile length (4.68cm) and germination rate (96%) was found in indica genotype CO18. A highly significant and positive correlation was also observed between germination vigor and coleoptiles length, which signify the importance of elongated coleoptile under anaerobic conditions. The PCA analysis illustrated that 97.24% variation was accounted by PC1 while PC2 and PC3 explained 2.54% and 0.24% variation for germination vigor and coleoptile length. PCA scattered plot divided the accessions in four various groups. All AG tolerant accessions were included in group I. Likewise in the case of cluster analysis, two major clades (I and II) were formed. All accessions showing >40% germination rate were included in clade I, whereas all other accessions with <40% germination rate were grouped in clade II. Further more highly tolerant accessions (>80% germination) were grouped in sub-cluster IA.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.335-343
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• 2015

유전자변형 작물이 절지동물에 미칠 수 있는 잠재적인 부정적 영향은 유전자변형 작물의 주요한 환경위해성의 하나로 여겨지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 PPO (protoporphyrinogen oxidase) 저해 제초제 내성 유전자변형 벼가 절지동물에 미칠 수 있는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 절지동물의 다양성과 군집구조를 조사하였다. 절지동물은 야외포장에서 벼의 생육기간 동안 황색점착트랩을 이용하여 채집하였다. 유전자변형 벼는 채집된 절지동물군집의 다양도 지수에 유의한 영향을 주지 않았다. 또한 다변량분석(PerMANOVA, NMDS) 결과에서도 절지동물군집 구조는 채집시기에 따라 달랐지만 벼의 유전형(유전자변형 또는 비변형)에 의해 영향을 받지 않았다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2020년도 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.63-63
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• 2020

Rice stripe virus (RSV) disease is one of the major constraints in rice production, transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH; Laodelphax striatellus). Upon RSV infection, plants develop typical symptoms, which include chlorosis and weakness of newly emerged leaves, white and yellow spots, stripe on leaves, and necrotic and wilting leaves, resulting in plant growth inhibition, oxidative damage that may culminate in programmed cell death (PCD) and plant death in severe epidemics. Although RSV-resistant quantitative trait loci (QTLs), Stv-a, Stv-b, and Stv-bi, were mapped using various resistant varieties, one RSV-resistant gene, OsSOT1, has been identified so far. In this study, we used the rice cultivar Zenith, known to carry Stv-b, to investigate novel RSV-genes through fine mapping. Therefore, we crossed Zenith (Donor parent, RSV resistant) with Ilpum (Recurrent parent, RSV susceptible) to fine-map using a BC₂F₂ population of 2100 plants. Chromosome segment introgression lines that were heterozygous at a different region were selected, two types of heterozygous lines showed an heterozygous genotype between Sid2 and Sid75 to Indel9 and RM6680. Interestingly, we identified qSTV11^Z region harboring Stv-b, covering about 171-kb region between the InDel markers Sid75 and Indel8. The localization of qSTV11^Z provides useful information that could be used for marker-assisted selection and determination of genetic resources in rice breeding.

• BMB Reports
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.597-602
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• 2003

Acid phosphatases (APases) play a role in the release of phosphate in organic complexes in soil. We investigated tissue- and isoform-specific responses of APases to phosphorus (P) deficiency in three rice genotypes; Dasan-byeo, Sobi-byeo, and Palawan. The levels of shoot APase activity per protein were similar in the three genotypes. They significantly decreased with P deprivation that was longer than seven days. Root APase activity per protein was two- to three-fold higher in Dasan than in Sobi and Palawan. In all genotypes the APase activity increased in P-deficient plants, but the increase was higher in Sobi and Palawan. After 21 days of P deprivation, secreted APase activity increased more than eight-fold in Dasan and two-fold in Sobi and Palawan. Isoform profiles of shoot and root APases were most diverse in Dasan. The activities of the major isoforms in P-deficient shoots decreased in all three genotypes. Depending on the genotypes, further increases in constitutive isoforms and new induction of one to four isoforms occurred in P-deficient roots. The results indicate that tissue and genotype differences in the response of APase to P deficiency are primarily facilitated by the different responses of the isoforms.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.319-323
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• 1991

벼의 도복에 관련하는 형질들의 포장도복과의 관련정도를 밝혀 벼의 이도복성육종의 기초자료를 제공코져 1900년대에서 1980년대에 재배 또는 육성된 10품종을 재배하여 실험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1 포장도복정도와 관련정도가 높은 형질들은 간장, 단위간하중(W/l), 단위 직경휨모멘트(W1/d), 도복지수(L), 하중비(W1/P), 임계도 복하중지수 (Ws$^2$/l$^4$)등 이었다. 2. 간장은 포장도복과 높은 상관(r=0.7607)을 보이나 간장만으로 품종의 도복정도를 판정하기는 미흡하였다 3. 측정의 난역도와 소모되는 시간을 고찰해 볼 때 도복저항성을 판정하는데 유용할 형질들은 간장, W/l, W1/d, Ws$^2$/l$^4$이었다. 4. 간경, 줄기단면적, 간벽의 두께, 줄기단면의 2차 관성 모멘트는 포장도복과 아무런 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 5. 좌절강도(S)는 포장도복과 유의한 부의 상관 (r=-0.3986)을 보였다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2013

The expression of transgenic traits in genetically modified crops is sometimes associated with decreases in crop performance or fitness. These decreases in performance or fitness of transgenic plants in unfavourable conditions may provide valuable information about the ecological consequences of transgene escape. In a glasshouse trial, we tested the cost associated with resistance to herbicides by comparing the growth, yield, and competitive ability of transgenic rice with its parental non-transgenic line. This new line was developed for constitutive overexpression of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) to increase resistance to herbicides. We evaluated nine agronomic traits of transgenic and non-transgenic rice grown in a replacement series design over four densities. Competitive ability was also assessed between transgenic and non-transgenic plants by analyzing their relative yields based on biomass and seed weight data. Our results indicated that non-transgenic plants showed greater performance than did the transgenic plants when those genotypes were grown in mixtures. The non-transgenic rice plants exhibited superior competitive ability at certain combinations of planting densities and genotype proportions. These results suggest that PPO-herbicide resistance incurs some costs in plant performance and competitive ability.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.277-277
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• 2022

Lignin modification has been a breeding target for the improvements of forage digestibility and fermentation in whole crop silage(WCS) rice. In rice, gold hull and internode 2 (gh2) was identified as a lignin-deficient mutant. gh2 exhibits a reddish-brown pigmentation in the hull and the internode is located on the short arm of chromosome 2 and codes for cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD). To develop WCS rice variety improved digestibility and fermentation, we measured acid detergent fiber (ADF), lignin and total digestible nutrient (TDN) calculated from ADF (TDN=88.9-(0.79% × ADF) and performed marker-assisted selection using CAD(Os2g0187800) gene first intron region specific marker with 55 Jungmo1038/J.collection lines. Those lines had lignin content range from 0.82 to 6.61%, ADF from 15.8 to 45.8%, TDN from 52.7 to 78.8 compared to 'Jungmo1038'(1.53,20.7,72.6), 'J.collection'(0.98,12.8,78.8%) and gh2 were introgressed into 44 lines. Considering on these genotype and low-lignin phenotype, we finally selected 2 elite lines(Suweon668, Suweon669). Suweon668 and Suweon669 line are high biomass-low lignin lines that the ADF content is relatively low, even though the dry matter weight is high. Also they have lodging and shattering resistance and glabrous leaf and hull important to improve cattle palatability. Our results will provide that rice can be improved for forage digestibility and fermentation with low lignin concentration.