• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.491-495
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• 2006

Methanol extracts of fruits of 67 plants were screened for in vivo antifungal activity against Magnaporthe grisea, Corticium sasaki, Botrytis cinerea, Phytophthora infestans, Puccinia recondita, and Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei. Among them, 13 plant extracts ($3,000\;{\mu}g/ml$) showed more than 90% disease-control efficacy against at least one of six plant diseases. Specifically, the extracts of Aleurites fordii, Angelica dahurica, Camellia japonica, Chamaecyparis pisifera, Pittosporum tobira, and Styrax japonica controlled more than 90% of the development of rice blast at $1,000{\mu}g/ml$. Extracts of both S. japonica and A. dahurica fruits at $333{\mu}g/ml$ concentration displayed strong antifungal activity against M. grisea on rice seedlings.

• 한국식품저장유통학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품저장유통학회 2003년도 제23차 추계총회 및 국제학술심포지움
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• pp.22-25
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• 2003

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.691-694
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• 2007

Acetic acid and butyric acid were produced by the anaerobic fermentation of soil mixed with wheat or rice bran. The concentration of acetic acid produced in the wheat and rice bran-treated soil was 31.2mM and 8mM, respectively, whereas the concentration of butyric acid in the wheat and rice bran-treated soil was 25.0mM and 8mM, respectively. The minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) for all the fungal strains was 40-60mM acetic acid, 20-40mM butyric acid, and 40-60mM mixture of acetic acid: butyric acid (1:1, v/v). Consequently, the efficacy of mixing wheat-bran with soil to control soil diseases was demonstrated.

• Mycobiology
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.179-182
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• 2003

A total of 187 endophytic fungi were isolated from 11 plant species, which were collected from 11 locations in Korea. Their antifungal activities were screened in vivo by antifungal bioassays after they were cultured in potato dextrose broth and rice solid media. Antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi such as Magnaporthe grisea(rice blast), Corticium sasaki(rice sheath blight), Botrytis cinerea(tomato gray mold), Phytophthora infestans(tomato late blight), Puccinia recondita(wheat leaf rust), and Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei(barley powdery mildew) was determined in vivo by observing the inhibition of plant disease development. Twenty(11.7%) endophytic fungi fermentation broths were able to control, by more than 90%, at least one of the six plant diseases tested. Among 187 liquid broths, the F0010 strain isolated from Abies holophylla had the most potent disease control activity; it showed control values of more than 90% against five plant diseases, except for tomato late blight. On the other hand, fourteen(7.5%) solid culture extracts exhibited potent disease control values of more than 90% against one of six plant diseases. The screening results of this study strongly suggested that metabolites of plant endophytic fungi could be good potential sources for screening programs of bioactive natural products.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.687-700
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• 2014

Rice blast (Magnaporthe oryza B.) is one of the most important diseases in rice that causing great yield losses every year around the world. It is important to screen valuable genetic resources for improving blast resistance. This study was conducted to identify the blast resistance in 279 Korean rice landraces using blast nursery tests and isolate inoculum screening. The results showed that 11 landrace accessions found to be resistant to rice blast in blast nursery and inoculation screening tests and the degree of lesions in most accessions showed that they were susceptible to reactions. In order to find the distribution of blast resistant genes, a molecular survey was conducted to identify the presence of major blast resistance (R) gene in 279 Korean landraces. The results revealed that their frequency distribution was Pik-m (36.2%), Piz (25.4%), Pit (13.6%), and Pik (10%). Besides, the frequency distribution of Piz-t, Pii, Pik-m/Pik-p, Pi-39(t), Pib, Pi-d(t)2, Pita/Pita-2 and Pi-ta genes were identified as less than 10%. The results did not consist with the reactions against blast diseases between genotypes and phenotypic part of the nursery tests and isolate inoculation. For concluding these results, we used genome-wide SSR markers that have closely been located with resistance genes. The PCoA analysis showed that the landrace accessions formed largely two distinct groups according to their degree of blast resistance. By comparing genetic diversities using polymorphic information contents (PIC) value among the resistant, total and susceptible landraces, we found that PIC values decreased in four SSR markers and increased in six markers in the resistant accessions, which showed contrary to total and susceptible groups. These regions might be linked to resistance alleles. In this study, we evaluated the degree of blast resistance and the information about the distribution of rice blast resistant genes in Korean rice landraces. This study might be the basis for association analysis of blast resistance in rice.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.554-559
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• 2013

현미에는 탄수화물 뿐 아니라 비타민, 미네랄 등과 같은 영양성분이 함유되어 있다. 현미는 당뇨 등과 같은 질환관리에 매우 유용하지만, 취반 등의 어려움 등으로 대중적인 소비가 어려운 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 현미 표면에 풍부한 섬유소를 제거하기 위해 분해 효소를 이용하는 가공 방법의 가능성을 수행하였다. 일정시간 물에 담근 후 현미의 무게 변화를 측정하였을 때, 대조군 또는 collagenase 가공한 현미에 비해 pectinase 가공한 현미의 무게가 심하게 증가하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 수용액에서 현미를 침지한 후 pectinase를 처리하면 현미의 미강 부분이 거칠어지고, 미세한 구멍이 형성되는 것을 전자현미경 관찰을 통하여 확인하였다. 또한 이러한 pectinase를 이용한 현미 가공에도 불구하고 현미고유의 영양성분은 거의 완벽하게 보존되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 한편, pectinase 가공 전후의 현미를 대상으로 수분 흡수력, 녹말 반응도의 차이를 조사하였을 때, pectinase 처리 현미에서 높은 수분흡수력, 녹말 반응도가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 기존의 현미 도정 방법에 비해 pectinase 처리에 의해 현미 가공방법은 영양성분이 보존될 뿐 아니라 식감, 미감 등에서 우수한 가공방법임을 제시할 수 있다.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.503-506
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• 2008

"새누리" 품종은 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부에서 2007년도에 육성한 중만생 고품질 내병성 품종으로 주요특성과 수량성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 새누리는 남서해안지, 호남 및 영남평야지 보통기 표준재배에서 평균 출수기가 8월 16일로 남평벼와 같은 중만생종이다. 2. 주당수수는 남평벼와 비슷하나 수당립수는 남평벼보다 많고 등숙비율은 약간 낮다. 현미 천립중은 남평벼보다 다소 무거운 중립종이다. 3. 위조현상은 나타나지 않았으며 성숙기 하엽노화가 늦고 수발아는 남평벼보다 잘 되는 편이다 남평벼에 비해 유묘기 내냉성 및 출수지연일수는 비슷하나 내냉성 임실율은 낮은 편이다. 4. 잎도열병은 중도저항성이며 잎도열병 병반면적율은 남평벼보다 낮고 친화성 균주수가 적어 내구저항성은 남평벼보다 강하며 흰잎마름병($K_1{\sim}K_3$), 줄무늬잎마름병에는 저항성이나 오갈병과 검은줄오갈병에는 약하다. 5. 심복백은 거의 없고 남평벼 수준으로 맑고 투명하다. 아밀로스 함량은 남평벼와 비슷하나 단백질함량이 낮고 밥맛이 양호하다. 도정율 및 완전미도정수율은 남평벼와 비슷하다. 6. 쌀수량은 5.71 MT/ha로 남평벼 보다 5% 증수되었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.374-383
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• 2021

Rhizoctonia solani is one of the major pathogens that cause sheath blight disease in rice. Sheath blight is one of the most difficult diseases to control. Biological control (with the use of rhizobacteria) is one of the ways to control this disease. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) is a rhizosphere bacterium that can be used to enhance plant growth. The composition of the rhizobacteria in organic and nonorganic soil is affected by the chemical characteristics of the soil - which influences plant physiology and root exudation patterns. This study aimed to obtain a species of rhizobacteria which shows PGPR activity, from organic and nonorganic rice fields and test their capability to suppress R. solani growth. Out of 23 isolates screened for PGPR activity, the following isolates showed high PGPR activity and were selected for in vitro antagonistic activity testing against R. solani: ISO6, ISO11, ISO15, ISN2, ISN3, and ISN7, The six isolates produced 43,42-75,23 ppm of IAA, possessed phosphorus solubilization capability, and chitinase-producing activity. ISO6 (54.88%) and ISN7 (83.33%) displayed high inhibition capacities against R. solani, in vitro. ISO6 and ISN7 inhibited the growth of R. solani lesions on rice leaves by 89% and 100% (without lesion), respectively, after 7 days of incubation. Analysis of their 16S rRNA sequences revealed that the ISO6 isolate was Citrobacter freundii and ISN7 isolate was Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권3호
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• pp.465-474
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• 2021

It has become important to explore alternative feed ingredients to reduce feed costs, which are burdensome for livestock production. In addition, it is desirable to find efficient and functional alternative ingredients for traditional feed ingredients in pig diets, considering the stress and sensitivity of disease of pig. Rice is produced around the world like corn that is the typical energy source in pig diets. Although the nutritional quality varies depending on the degree of milling, rice, except whole grains (paddy rice), contains more starch than corn and its structure and granule size are easier to digest than corn. In addition, the fact that rice has fewer non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) is also effective in improving digestibility and various polyphenols in rice can help modulation of immune responses, which can be beneficial to the gastrointestinal environment and health of pig. Many studies have been conducted on rice focusing on things such as degree of milling, substitution rates of corn, granule size, and processing methods. Most results have shown that rice can be partially or completely used to replace corn in pig diets without negatively affecting pig growth and production. While further research should focus on the precise biological mechanisms at play, it was confirmed that the use of rice could reduce the use of antibiotics and pig removal and protect pigs from gastrointestinal diseases including diarrhea. From this point of view, rice can be evaluated as a valuable feed ingredient for swine diets.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 1973

시비량의 증시에 따라 수량은 증가하지만 어느 일정수준 이상 과용하던 병충해발생을 유발하여 수량의 감소를 초래하므로 시비량을 현행수준 보다 올리는 반면 병충해 방제를 강화하여 병충해피해를 줄이고 최대한의 증수를 가져 올 수 있는 적정시비수준과 병충해 방제효과를 구명하고자 본 시침을 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. (1) 잎도열병, 이삭도열병 발병율은 다 같이 시비량과 $1\%$수준에서 높은 정(+)의 상관을 나타내었고 인산과 가리를 과용하면 삼요소 표준구보다 발병이 훨씬 많았다. (2) 병충해방제를 실시하지 않을 때는 시비량을 질소기준 8-8.5kg/10a 시용하였을 때 347-378kg/10a의 최고현미수량을 얻었는데 비하여 병충해방제를 실시하면 질소기준 18.5-19kg/10a수준에서 453-462kg/10a의 최고수량을 나타내었고 병충해방제 실시여부에 따른 수량의 차이는 평균 100kg/10a을 상회하였다. (3) 질소비료만 증시한 구와 삼요소비료를 동시에 증시한 구 사이의 수량에 미치는 영 향은 유의 차가 없었다. (4) 현미수량지수로 환산한 병충해탕제효과는 최고 $65\%$에서 최저 $30\%$까지 나타났으며 평균방제효과는 $42-45\%$였다.