• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.238-242
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• 2014

Here we described 2 cancer patients treated by acupuncture for abdominal pain as a complication of bowel obstruction. The patient 1, 43-year-old man was treated with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy for rectal cancer. Two years after surgery, he complained of acute abdominal pain due to small bowel adhesion band. Bowel obstruction and symptoms were not improved by conservative therapy like as fasting, keeping Levin tube, and fluid therapy. 4 months later, he could eat a little rice water, but ileus and abdominal pain persisted despite of applying opiod drug and patch. Got started on acupuncture, electroacupuncture(ST-36) and moxa treatment, pain was relived gradually. He could stop opioids 1 month later and ileus was improved after acupuncture therapy for 2 months. The patient 2, 65-year-old woman got hepatectomy, cholecystectomy, and chemotherapy with cholangiocarcinoma. 6 months after surgery, she got laparotomy again for biopsy of new mass around ascending colon. She started eating after gas passing, but felt abdominal distension. Diffuse paralytic ileus was diagnosed by abdominal X-ray, and she got started conservative therapy. During ST-36 electroacupuncture therapy, symptoms like abdominal pain and distension were improved and could stop opiod patch. But eating aggravated ileus again and clinical finding of mechanical bowel obstruction was appeared. Based on these cases, acupuncture and moxa therapy could be helpful for improving abdominal pain and ileus, but possibility of malignant bowel obstruction should be considered especially in cancer patients.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 1999

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL; EC 4, 3, 1, 5) genomic clones were isolated from tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum L.) genomic DNA libraries using tomato PAL5 cDNA sequences as probes. The nucleotide sequences of tPAL1, tPAL4 and tPAL5 were compared. tPAL5 contains an open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 722 amino acids, interrupted by a 710 bp intron in the codon for the amino acid 139. tPAL1 encodes a polypeptide of 249 amino acids which is much shorter than tPAL5 gene due to a premature stop codon and does not contain an intron. tPAL4 encodes a polypeptide of 357 amino acids, interrupted by a 305 bp intron in the codon for the amino acid 138. Premature stop codons observed in tPAL1 and tPAL4 gene produce a short polypeptide rather than a normal polypeptide (722 aa). tPALl shows 87.2% homology with tPAL4 and 85.3% homology with tPAL5 gene whereas tPAL4 showes 91.4% homology with tPAL5 at nucleotide level. In general, phylogenetic analysis showed that genes isolated from tomato, potato, and sweet potato were belong to the same group and another dicot plants such as parsley, bean, soybean, pea and alfalfa formed another group. PAL genes isolated from rice and yeast showed very low homology with other PAL genes and formed the other group.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.476-482
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• 2020

In rice agriculture, Eleocharis kuroguwai Ohwi (olbanggae) is a target for herbicidal intervention as a problem weed although it has also long been used clinically as a traditional medicine for jaundice, fever, and blood flow. E. kuroguwai has been evaluated in many clinical trials, but its molecular biological advantages are still unknown. Here, we investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of E. kuroguwai 80% ethanol extracts by screening NO production in LPS-induced macrophage activation. To find the most effective fractions, we partitioned five sub-fractions using HP20 column chromatography, namely 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. Of these, the 60% and 80% sub-fractions were found to significantly inhibit NO production; there were no toxicological effects at any concentration. In addition, the 80% sub-fraction inhibited significantly the iNOS and the mRNA of the pro-inflammatory mediators IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β by inhibiting the phosphorylation of JNK and ERK pathways associated with MAPKs signaling. Our results suggest that the 80% E. kuroguwai sub-fraction has the most significant anti-inflammatory effects of inhibiting iNOS and pro-inflammatory mediators and suppressing the phosphorylation of JNK and ERK. Therefore, the 80% sub-fraction of E. kuroguwai extract may be a therapeutic candidate for inflammatory diseases associated with the overexpression of MAPKs.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.29 no.2 s.53
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• pp.359-370
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• 1996

An outbreak of dermatosis occurred at a machine manufacture factory in Kyongju on Aug 1995. Authors conducted a questionnaire ,survey among 92 workers in the factory and a dermatologist examined their skin lesions. Authors also collected moths and identified them. The results are as follows; 1. Forty-two cases of dermatosis were identified with attack rate of 45.7%. Attack rate was not different by company, age, sex, educational level and duration of employment. Attack rate was 47.8% among productive workers, 25.0% among clerical workers and 100.0 % among patrolmen. 2. Two cases among 42 dermatosis cases and three subjects among 50 non-cases had a history of same dermatosis last year. Four of dermatosis cases had a history of dermatosis among their family members. 3. Skin lesions of the cases were scattered or grouped rice-sized erythematous papules or vesicles. Duration of dermatosis from the onset to the time of survey was from one day to more than 30 days. The most frequent site of skin lesion was the arms(81.0 %), and it was also observed at the neck(47.6 %), abdomen(45.2 %), chest(42.9 %), legs(38.1 %) and back(35.7 %). Skin lesion was aggravated with sweating(31.0 %), after shower(16.7 %) and with scratching(11.9 %). 4. Moths were collected and identified as Euproctis subflava (Bremer). Many poisonous stings were observed on their wngs which is harmful to human. 5. Contact with moths' wing droppings to two authors on thier forearms for provocation resulted in severe immediate pain followed by prolonged pruritus. Erythematous macules quickly appeared and succeeded by firm wheal-like red papules. Authors thought that the outbreak of dermatosis was brought about by Euproctis subflava (Bremer). Further studies on the factors contributing to the prosperity of the moths in this area are needed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.333-342
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• 1974

In September 1974, a survey was conducted towards 900 women respondents, each representing a household, residing in 18 selected Myuns(townships) of 18 Guns(counties) in Kyunggi-Do. Fifty households were selected randomly in each Myun and the sample Myuns were also randomly selected from the 18 Guns home-visiting interviews were carried out by Myun level maternal and child health workers with questionnair forms designed to measure the maternal and child health status at each household. Major findings obtained from this survey can be summarized as follows: 1. Of the women responents who were investigated in this survey, 13.1% of them were comprised in the illiterates, indicating no difference in literacy rate from that in most urban areas. 2. Most(93.8%) of the respondents were found to have married at ages of 20-24 years old. 3. Most(85.8%) of the respondents were found to have delivered their first babies at ages of 20-24, while only 13.4% had their first babies at 25-29. 4. About 22% of the respondents had 2 children, while 19% and another 19% had 2 and 4 children, respectively. 5. A great majority of the respondents (78%) experienced not a single death of a child within the family, while about 17% experienced death of one child. 0.7% of the women experienced deaths of 4 or more children. 6. 18% and 17% of the women experienced 4 and 3 pregnancies, respectively, and 12% of them experienced 7 or more pregnancies. 7. About 29% of the women experienced an induced abortion at least once. Nearly 2% of them were found to have experience of 4 or more induced abortions. 8. One half (51%) of the women were found to have received prenatal guidances in the latest pregnancies by (Ub(town) and Myun (township) level maternal and child health workers at least once or more times. 9. 52% women received professional prenatal care in the latest pregnancies: 24% at hospitals or clinics and 20% at health centers. 10. Most (89%) of the last-born children were delivered at home, while only 8.7% were delivered at hospital or clinics. 11. Materials used at delivery comprise vinyl (40%), cement bags (32%) ana gauzed or absorbent cottons (19%). 12. The largest preportion of the attendants at delivery comprises mothers in-law (48). Only 24% were found to be attended by either doctors, midwives or maternal and child health workers. 13. In most (90%) of the deliveries scissors were used to cut the umbilicus. But most (7%) of them used unsterilized scissors, 6 while only 20% of them used sterilized ones. 14. About 68% of the last-born babies were breast-fed for 12 months or more. Those who weaned during 6-12 months were 21%. 15. During 12 months after birth, 65% of the last-born babies were breast-fed, while 24% were given a combination of breast milk and cooked rice. 16. About nine out of the 10 births were found to be registered. 17. 71% of babies received BCG vaccination, while 79% and 56% received samllpox and DPT vaccinations, respectively within a year after birth. Those who were vaccinated against poliomyelitis were about 50%. 18. About 87% of the respondents recogninized the existence of government-sponsored maternal and child health guidance program.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.252-260
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• 1987

Incidence of lettuce drop was observed throughout the growing season in the vinylhouse at the southern part of Korea, Kimhai. Occurrence of this disease was especially severe at the seedling stage. Number of sclerotia in surface soil $(30\times30\times5cm)$ was 22.0 at the seedling stage, and 5.3 at harvest in the infected area. Temperature for mycelial growth ranged from 5 to $30^{\circ}C$ with optimum temperature at $25^{\circ}C$. Sclerotia were formed fewer at low temperature, but their size was larger resulting in heavier dry weight than that at high temperature. The apothecia were formed from the sclerotia that were buried in March, April and September upto 3cm soil depth, but formed from those buried only 1 em soil depth in October. Sclerotia buried in June and December did not form apothecia regardless of soil depth by 90 days. The sclerotia buried in the 5cm of soil depth did not form apothecia. Sclerotia that were embedded in wet or flooded soil at $25^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$ for 5 weeks lost their viability. Infection of lettuce was possible with mycelia originated from sclerotia on autoclaved lettuce plant fragments. The fungus was pathogenic on 25 plant species in 8 families in artificial inoculation tests. Lettuce seedlings appeared to be infected by airborne ascospore originated from sclerotia on crops and weeds around paddy fields, because sclerotia existing in soil might perish under long flood conditions during rice cultivation.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.131-136
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• 2007

Occurrence of popcorn disease on mulberry fruits was surveyed in several locations in Korea from 2005 to 2007. The diseased fruits turned grayish white and changed to hard and black sclerotia during overwintering after falling onto the ground. Apothecia produced from overwintered sclerotia in the fields of mulberry trees were observed in early May. Two types of apothecia were produced from the sclerotia, which were cup-shaped or club-shaped. The fungus with cup-shaped apothecia was identified as Ciboria shiraiana, and that with club-shaped apothecia as Scleromitrula shiraiana. C. shiraiana occurred at the ratio of about 6 vs. 4 in the fields. Occurrence of the disease differed remarkably depending on years, locations, and varieties of mulberry trees investigated. Field survey of the disease incidence showed that Baekhahyeongsang, Dahojosaeng, Hasusang, a native variety and Sawonppong 22 were resistant to the disease, Cheongilppong, Daeseongppong, Guksang 20 and Turkey-D were moderately susceptible, and Cateneo, Moreji and Sanggwa were highly susceptible. Disease incidence in the fields mulched with nonwoven fabrics or plastic films was much lower than that in the non-mulched fields. Disease incidence in the fields mulched with rice straws was similar to that in the non-mulched fields.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.152-156
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• 2007

Incidences of leaf blight of lily cultivars Raizan and Casa Blanca in the open field cultivation were 50% and 45.4%, respectively, while those in the green house cultivation were significantly reduced to 1.5% and 1.9%, respectively, In the green house, the incidences of the disease in sprinkler watering cultivation were $14.5{\sim}16.5%$, while those in drip watering cultivation were only $1.5{\sim}2%$. Incidence of the disease was severe in the field where the lily was cultivated successively for 2 to 3 years. Isolation frequencies of B. elliptica from overwintered plant debrises such as leaves, stems, capsules, and bulbs were 43.3%, 46.7%, 60% and 0%, respectively, while those of B. cinerea were 10.3%, 0%, 3.3% and 0%, respectively, Incidence of leaf blight in the field where diseased plant debris was cleaned was 7.3%, while that in the field where diseased plant debris was not cleaned was 56.5%. Incidences of the disease in the field where coverages of soil surface with black vinyl, bark or rice straw were used were 6.6%, 8.2% and 11.3%, respectively, while that in the field where the coverage was not used was 21.3%.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 2011

Dahyang, a CNARES's newly bred cultivar, is a CM061202 strain isolated and selected from 161 single-spores of brown button mushroom. It was selected as a new cultivar after comparison of yield, mycelial growth and quality with No. 705. Mycelial growth of Dahyang on compost extract mushroom complete medium at $25^{\circ}C$ for 15 days was 63mm when it was compared with that of No. 705 with 38mm. The cultivation temperature of Dahyang was 15 to $19^{\circ}C$ which was $2^{\circ}C$ higher than that of No. 705 with 15 to $19^{\circ}C$ cultivated on rice straw bed. The color of pileus of Dahyang was brown. Pinhead producing period was 30 days which is 1 day late than that of No. 705 with 29 days. Dahyang yielded 37% more with $49.1kg/3.3m^2$ than that of No. 705 with $35.8kg/3.3m^2$, respectively. The weight was 16.0g which was heavier than 14.0g of No. 705. The thickness and diameter were also more than those of No. 705. The stipe was shorter and thicker than that of No. 705. Also physical characteristics such as hardness and elasticity were better than that of No. 705.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.20 no.6 s.84
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• pp.637-642
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• 2004

Paeksulgis (Korean rice cake), containing $0\~0.5\%$ Opuntia Ficus indica var. Saboten powder, was prepared to enable the quality of the mechanical and sensory characteristics to be tested. The pHs of the Paeksulgis without and with 0.05 to $0.5\%$ Opuntia Ficus indica var. Saboten powder were 5.99 and about 5.7 respectively. With regard to the Hunter's color values of the control Paekulgis, the lightness (L), redness (a) and yellowness (b) were 94.78, -0.01 and 5.58, respectively. The lightness (L) decreased with increasing Opuntia Ficus indica var. Saboten powder concentration, whereas the redness (a) and yellowness (b) were both increased. with regard to the mechanical characteristics of Paeksulgis, the strength hardness, adhesiveness and gumminess were highest in the control group. In the sensory evaluation of Paeksulgis, the control group had the highest score for texture (p<0.05), but the addition of Opuntia Ficus indica var. Saboten powder gave higher scores for color, flavor, moisture, consistency, after taste and overall preference than the control (p<0.05).