• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.283-288
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-cancer effects of extract of Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS) in human breast cancer cell lines. Methods : In cultured human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, we investigated growth inhibitory effect of RVS. MCF-7 cells were cultured with various concentrations (0, 200, 300, and 400 ug/ml) of RVS at $37^{\circ}C$ for 24 h. We performed CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry for detection of Annexin V-PI staining. Results : As a result, RVS inhibits the cell growth and induction of apoptosis in dose dependent manner in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Conclusion : RVS has anti-cancer activities and induced apoptosis in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Therefore we suggest that RVS can use as a novel class of anti-cancer drugs.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.142-149
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• 2016

This study was designed to investigate the antihyperlipidemic activity of Fermented Rhus Verniciflua Stokes Extract(FRVSE) on diet-induced hyperlipidemia in rats. The animals were divided into 4 groups of the normal group(fed with normal diet), control group(fed with high fat diet), sample A group(fed with high fat diet and medicated FRVSE 192 ㎎/㎏/day), sample B group(fed with high fat diet and medicated FRVSE 384 ㎎/㎏/day), and received oral administration of each prescription with diet for a period of six weeks. The changes in the body weight, the liver weight, the epididymal fat weight, and the plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride(TG), high density lipoprotein(HDL) cholesterol and low density lipoprotein(LDL) cholesterol were measured. In sample A group, the weight of liver and plasma level of TG decreased significantly. There was a significant decrease in the plasma level of total cholesterol, TG and LDL cholesterol in the sample B group. These results suggest that the FRVSE have a good antihyperlipidemic activity and a potential to treat hyperlipidemia.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.12-26
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• 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanisms involved in the anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects of Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS) on PMA-differentiated human monocytic leukemia THP-1 cells. Methods: Cells were treated with various concentrations of RVS decoction (0-300㎍/ml) for 24, 48, and 72h. Cell viability was evaluated by MTS/PMS assay. The expressions of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, iNOS and COX-2 mRNA and proteins were measured using RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. Results: RVS suppressed expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA. It also down-regulated iNOS and COX-2 mRNA and protein expression. RVS inhibited NF-𝜅B p65 activity and the phosphorylation of Akt and MAPK (ERK and p38 MAPK). Instead, the phosphorylation of JNK is increased at a very low concentration but decreased at higher concentrations. Conclusion: RVS is regarded to inhibit the expression of MMP and TIMP as well as iNOS and COX-2 gene expression via directly inhibiting the activation of NF-𝜅B and phosphorylation of MAPK pathway in THP-1 cells. This suggests RVS have potential to be used as a therapeutic agent for acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.106-112
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to define optimal conditions for wool blend fabric dyeing using Rhus verniciflua extract. K/S value, surface color change, the fastness to light, fastness to dry-cleaning, metal mordanting effects and antimicrobial activities were investigated. The results were summarized as follows; As the storage time of Rhus verniciflua stokes dyeing solution was longer, K/S was improved. K/S value showed the highest one when dyeing temperature and time were at 100oC and 60 minutes respectively. As for the changes of pH values of the dyeing solution, fabric was dyed well with the pH value of acid or neutral. K/S value recorded the highest at pH6 and the lowest at pH10. Fastness to light showed the unmordanted fabric is 2.84, and Fe is 1.69 on color difference. Antibacterial activities of Rhus verniciflua dyeing solution recorded high figures in both dyed fabric with unmordanted and dyed fabric with mordanting.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.529-534
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• 2008

Renal cell carcinoma(RCC) is one of the major malignant renal cell tumors. Although RCC can metastasize to almost every organ, the most common metastatic sites are the lung parenchyma, the bones, the liver, and the brain. Adrenal metastasis from RCC is extremely rare. Adrenal metastasis from RCC shows poor prognosis, with little benefit from chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy or immunotherapy. In this report, we describe a case of an RCC patient who showed lung and adrenal metastasis. The patient underwent left nephrectomy and chemotherapy(sunitinib), which were not effective. He refused further conventional medical treatment, and instead started treatment with Traditional Korean Medicine using allergen-removed Rhus verniciflua Stokes. After about 3 months of this treatment, the size of the adrenal tumor had decreased significantly with good performance status. Further study will be needed to demonstrate the tumor regression effect of allergen-removed Rhus verniciflua Stokes on patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1654-1660
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• 1999

The free phenolic acid fraction of the chloroform extract from 75% ethanol extract of Rhus verniciflua STOKES (RCF) showed stronger antioxidative activity than BHT, BHA and ${\delta}-tocopherol$ at the same concentration. RCF components were isolated and identified by silica gel column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, mass spectrometer and $^1H-NMR\;and\;^{13}C-NMR$. The antioxidative activity was confirmed by electron donating activity, Rancimat method and thiobarbituric acid test in liposome system. RCF-11 could be further separated into three fractions. The antioxidative active compounds were purified and identified as gallic acid, butin and butein. The RCF-13 was purified and identified as sulfuretin.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.284-287
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• 2002

Four olefinic catechols, commonly referred to as urushiol were isolated from the sap of Korean Rhus verniciflua Stokes and had the stronger inhibitory effects on the reverse transcriptase of AIDS. The hexane extract with a inhibitory effects on reverse transcriptase was purified by silica and ODS gel column chromatography. The active compounds were identified by MS and $^1H-NMR$ as 3-[8' (Z), 11' (Z), 14' -pentadecatrienyl]catechol, 3-[8' (Z), 11' (Z)-pentadecadienyl]catechol, 3-[8' (Z)-penta- decenyl]catechol, and 3-pentadecylcatechol. All of these compounds showed strong inhibitory effects on reverse transcriptase of AIDS, in which 3-pentadecylcatechol exhibited the highest activity $(IC_{50}\;:\;10.87\;{\mu}g/ml)$.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.573-578
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• 2008

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality and overall treatment outcomes for lung cancer are still to be considered disappointing despite of development of new medical therapeutics on cancer. Cytostatic agents are considered as novel medication in the treatment of cancer though its benefit is most appropriately assessed through survival end points rather than the objective-response end points. We present a case of a lung adenocarcinoma patient who showed tumor lesion in patient's two different lung sites. From the day of diagnosis, the tumor lesion stayed with the almost same size with more than 1 year of Allergen-Removed Rhus Verniciflua Stokes (A-RVS) based Traditional Korean Medicine treatment without any western conventional treatment. No significant side effect was noted and the patient maintained good performance status throughout the treatment period. We assume A-RVS may have cytostatic effect on NSCLC patient and our observation justifies further investigation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.775-781
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• 2003

In this study, we investigated to elevate the modulatory effect of flavonoid(fustin, sulfuretin, 10 mg/kg) which was isolated from Rhus verniciflua Stokes(RVS) in male Sprague-Dawley rats for 2 weeks on the toxicity of paraquat. In the flavonoids pretreated groups, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, malondialdehyde and alkaline phosphatase activity in serum and malondialdehyde, alkaline phosphatase activity and collagen in lung tissue which was induced paraquat toxicity were slightly decrease compared to the normal group. In the lung tissue of flavonoids pretreated groups, malodialdehyde value, G-6-phosphatase activity and collagen synthesis were recovered to tile normal values and alkaline phosphatase activity was increased. From these results, we concluded that flavonoids which were isolated from RVS is an effective agent to inhibit the pulmonary and internal toxicities and hence we concluded that acitive components of fustin and sulfuretin which were isolated from RVS might be removed free radicals induced by paraquat.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.374-379
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• 2020

The white-spotted flower chafer (Protaetia brevitarsis) larva is one of the insects widely-used for edible and medicinal purposes in Eastern Asia. As a result of increasing demand for P. brevitarsis, massrearing systems in domestic farms have become necessary. However, the mass-rearing of larvae under confined rearing conditions could provide conditions unsuitable for preventing entomopathogenic diseases. Metarhizium anisopliae is the strongest fatal entomopathogenic fungus against P. brevitarsis. For inhibition of M. anisopliae, we used a Rhus verniciflua Stokes extract that has antifungal components. We investigated the inhibitory effect of the R. verniciflua extract at 1%, 5%, and 10% concentrations. The results showed that a 1% R. verniciflua extract added to sawdust produced a significantly low P. brevitarsis mortality rate. Moreover, extract-treated groups were heavier and had a shorter larval period than those of the untreated group. Consequently, we suggest that using an R. verniciflua extract can reduce the P. brevitarsis fatality rate from entomopathogenic fungi (e.g. M. anisopliae), resulting in more effective mass-rearing systems for P. brevitarsis.