• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제25권5호
• /
• pp.71-81
• /
• 2016

This research has been carried out with the objects of sporting goods shops to find out what structure of those shops raises more interest from customers. The tracking eyes on the objects which are the same but seen to have different structures has revealed the followings. Customers' visual appreciation of Reverse left/right Images (11.1) was found to be higher than that of Original Images (10.6). Furthermore, the reverse left/right image of the space also was found to attract more interest from customers, which led them to have longer observation. The below is about the interpretation of the spatial exploration by observation time and the appreciation of its visual content in line with the experiment objects of selling spaces. The longer the space was observed, (1)the higher the expansive searching of space was, (2)the more spots were observed as if they did not know what to see after they first observed at early hours, (3)later (in the time range of 64~73 seconds) they came to look at the spots in which they got interested, (4)and then again they suddenly got lost what to see. When the change of observation characteristics by time range is reviewed, it can be seen that the searching of original images is changed from Divergent Feature to Convergent Feature when the observation time increases from the early stage of observation to the later. On the contrary, the reverse left/right images were found to have the opposite searching features, that is, from convergent exploration to divergent exploration. These findings show that the reverse left/right images of the sporting goods shops, which were the experiment objects, have more factors attracting customers' attention and interest and that it is the very shop-structure which makes customers have better visual appreciation of those shops.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.22-32
• /
• 2017

This research is to analyze the spatial information search features which shown by Eye fixation and movement and conducted eye tracking experiment for targeting sports shop spatial images which it are same but looks different. This is able to find out the eye movement feature according to placement of goods from the eye movement and movement distance of spatial visitor, and the result can be defined as following. First, the whole original-reverse left / right images have a higher number of observations in the [IN] area than in the [OUT] area. This is because after eye taking high observations in LA area of [IN] have been jump-over [OUT], performed search activities in low eye fixation without high eye fixation. Second, there was a difference in the frequency of the observation data as the composition of the images changed. The original image has been often fixed the eyes in LA area, and the one that has been observed for a long time is reverse left / right image. Also, fixation point was shown higher at the reverse left / right image as jump-over from [OUT] area to [IN] area. If LA area seen as reverse left / right image, it is located in right-hand side. The case where the dominant area is on the right side has a characteristic that the eye fixation is longer. This can be understand that the arrangement of products for attract the customer's attention in the commercial space might be more effective when it is on the right side. Third, the moving distance(IN ${\rightarrow}$ OUT) of the sight pointed to external from LA area was long in the both original-reverse left / right images, but it is no relation with search direction([IN${\rightarrow}$OUT] [IN${\rightarrow}$OUT]) of the sight. In other words, the sight that entered in LA area can be seen as visual perception activity for re-searching after big jump-over, in the case go in to outward (OUT area) after searching for more than certain time. The fact that the moving distance of eye is relatively short in the [IN ${\rightarrow}$ OUT] process considered as that the gaze that stays outside the LA area naturally enters in to LA area.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제17권7호
• /
• pp.53-65
• /
• 2012

기존의 Stereoscopy영상의 생성 방법은 2개의 촬영용 렌즈를 일정한 간격으로 띄워놓고 같은 피사체를 촬영하여 좌우 시점의 영상을 생성하는 방법을 이용하게 된다. 하지만 Stereoscopy 카메라를 이용한 3차원 TV 수신의 경우에 좌시점과 우시점에 대한 2개의 영상을 모두 동시에 전송해야 하기 때문에 대역폭의 부담이 크다. 이에 보다 효율적인 여러 방법들에 대한 논의가 이루어지고 있다. 그중 DIBR(Depth Image Based Rendering)은 한장의 영상과 이에 대한 Depth정보를 이용하여 좌시점과 우시점의 영상을 생성하기 때문에 전송 대역폭을 줄일 수 있으며, 이러한 점으로 인하여 기존의 Static Scene에서 DIBR Image 생성에 대한 다양한 Algorithm이 연구되어 왔다. 본 논문에서는 반전된 Depth 영상을 이용하여 자연스럽게 Hole을 채움과 동시에 주변 배경의 왜곡 또한 최소화하는 Gaussian Hole-Filling 방법을 제안하려 한다. 또한 각 Algorithm들의 성능을 비교, 계산하여 각 Algorithm들의 효용성을 분석하였다.

• 대한인간공학회지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.29-35
• /
• 1990

To investigate and analyze of the human brain-wave changes during 3-dimenslonal image load were expected to take not only an important basic information of 3-dimensional TV usage but also 3-dimensional image design. In this experiment, to analyze the difference of visual analyze handing system for which we present the 2- dimensional image having no parallex and 3-dimensional image by visual evoked potentials(VEP). 2-dimensional image and 3-dimensional image displayed on the screen through video. In the test, the time interval was one sec for presentation of stimulus considering united time of visual information of right eye and left eye during watching the 3-dimensional image also display time interval was 200 mesc for each stimulus image. Results are as follow, (1) N190 appears faster 16msec-20msec in the point of Fz, Cz, Pz, Oz when loaded 3D4 angle than 2D3 angle. (2) About of the P300, 3D4 angle(Otherwise, Oz point was reverse) and in the case of no equipment of liquid crystal shutter, there appeared PEAK near the P250. (3) There were 5% significant difference when the liquid crystal shutter was equiped and didn't, Therefore, this phenomenon show the possibility that Liquid crystal shutter influences on Visual Evoked Potentials.

• International Journal of Contents
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.56-69
• /
• 2015

This paper proposes an efficient image encryption scheme based on quintuple encryption using two chaotic maps. The encryption process is realized with quintuple encryption by calling the encrypt(E) and decrypt(D) functions five times with five different keys in the form EDEEE. The decryption process is accomplished in the reverse direction by invoking the encrypt and decrypt functions in the form DDDED. The keys for the quintuple encryption/decryption processes are generated by using a Tent map. The chaotic values for the encrypt/decrypt operations are generated by using a Gumowski-Mira map. The encrypt function E is composed of three stages: permutation, pixel value rotation and diffusion. The permutation stage scrambles all the rows and columns to chaotically generated positions. This stage reduces the correlation radically among the neighboring pixels. The pixel value rotation stage circularly rotates all the pixels either left or right, and the amount of rotation is based on chaotic values. The last stage performs the diffusion four times by scanning the image in four different directions: Horizontally, Vertically, Principal diagonally and Secondary diagonally. Each of the four diffusion steps performs the diffusion in two directions (forward and backward) with two previously diffused pixels and two chaotic values. This stage ensures the resistance against the differential attacks. The security and performance of the proposed method is investigated thoroughly by using key space, statistical, differential, entropy and performance analysis. The experimental results confirm that the proposed scheme is computationally fast with security intact.

• 대한치과교정학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.405-414
• /
• 1993

Among the radiographs for temporomandibular joint, transcranial radiograph is widely used for screening and diagnosing temporomandibular disorder because it has sharp image and it is easy to take. This study was performed to compare condylar position and image sharpness in standard and individually corrected transcranial radiographs using Accurad-200 headholder. Submentovertex view, Reverse-Towne view, Standard and individually corrected transcranial radiographs of 45 university students who were randomly selected were traced, measured and analyzed. The results were as follows : 1. The means of condylar axes and lateral slopes were $16.8^{\circ}\;and\;22.5^{\circ}$ respectively. There were no differences between male and female or right and left side. 2. Individually corrected radiographs showed smaller posterior joint ,space and larger anterior joint space than standard radiographs, but superior joint space did net show a statistical difference between standard and individually corrected radiographs. 3. While a large number$(42.2\%)$ of the standard radiographs showed concentric condylar position, lots of(57.8) condylar positions were retropositioned in the individually corrected radiographs. 4. The image sharpness was inferior in the individually corrected radiographs to that of the standard radiographs.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제14권7호
• /
• pp.871-877
• /
• 2004

본 논문은 맞춤형 신발제작을 위하여 신발에 필요한 화형제작용 데이터를 3차원 측정 장치를 통해 획득한 발의 형상을 인공지능 기법을 기반으로 하는 최적화된 형상을 복원하는 방법을 제시하고자 한다. 본 연구를 위해 개발된 시스템은 PC를 기반으로 하는 기존의 3차원측정 방식을 이용하여 상, 하, 좌, 우로 각각 장착된8대의 CCD 카메라와 4대의 laser를 통해 화형 및 발의 형상 데이터를 획득한다. 획득된 데이터들은 인공지능 기법을 이용한 영상처리 알고리즘으로 처리되며, 처리 결과는 기존의 지능 기법을 도입하지 않은 시스템에 비해 노이즈제거 특성이 향상되었고, 후처리과정을 간소화 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 3차원 측정을 위해 하드웨어적인 부분과 이를 제어하기 위한 소프트웨어 및 GUI로 전체 시스템을 구성하고, 본 논문에서는 데이터 처리용 소프트웨어에서 입력영상의 전처리 과정 중 영상의 이진화 단계에서 임계값을 결정하기 위하여 신경망을 사용하였으며, 이에 대한 결과를 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.145-152
• /
• 2019

본 논문에서는 딥러닝을 활용한 흔들림 영상 안정화 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 기존 몇 가지 2D, 2.5D 및 3D 기반 안정화 기술과 다르게 딥러닝을 활용한다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 흔들리는 영상을 CNN 네트워크 구조와 LSTM 네트워크 구조를 통한 특징 추출 및 비교하여 이전 프레임과 현재 프레임 간의 특징점 위치 차이를 통해 특징점의 이동 크기와 방향의 반대로 영상을 변환하는 알고리즘이다. 흔들림 안정화를 위한 알고리즘은 각 프레임의 특징 추출 및 비교를 위해 Tensorflow를 활용하여 CNN 네트워크과 LSTM 구조를 구현하였으며, 영상 흔들림 안정화는 OpenCV open source를 활용해 구현하였다. 실험결과 영상의 흔들림이 상하좌우로 흔들리는 영상과, 급격한 카메라 이동이 없는 영상을 실험에 사용하여, 제안한 알고리즘을 적용한 결과 사용한 상하좌우 흔들림 영상에서는 안정적인 흔들림 안정화 성능을 기대할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제41권3호
• /
• pp.171-176
• /
• 2007

Objective : The purpose of this study was to characterize the Rolandic fissure[Rf] and was to identify the Rf using the surface bony landmarks which can be usually exposed on craniotomy. Methods : After morphological evaluation of the Rfs using 21 Korean adult formalin fixed cadavers, craniometric measurement was carried out from the surface bony landmarks of nasion, glabella, bregma, and lambda. Results : The Rfs of both hemispheres did not show the mirror image. The Rfs ran forward and downward toward the sylvian fissure keeping the mean angle of $67^{\circ}$ from mid-sagittal line as elongated S-shape in left and the elongated reverse S-shape in right hemisphere. Connections between the Rf and the longitudinal fissure and between the Rf and the sylvian fissure were found in 3 [7.1%] and 2 [4.8%] of 42 hemispheres, respectively. Most Rfs extended superiorly to 2-3mm lateral to the most superomedial surface of hemispheres and extended inferiorly to 3-5mm superior to the sylvian fissures. The mean distances from the nasion, glabella, bregma, and lambda to the most superomedial aspect of the Rf were $18.8{\pm}0.9cm,\;16.6{\pm}0.8cm,\;5.2{\pm}0.6cm$, and $6.9{\pm}1.0cm$, respectively. The mean distance measured between the Rf and the nasion using traditional method was $18.4{\pm}0.6cm$. Conclusion : The distance between the Rf and the nasion roughly correspond within the range of mean 4 mm compared with that measured by the traditional measurement. These data may be more helpful to delineate the Rf after the placement of drapes for craniotomy.