• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.73-116
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• 2005

When people contact the government they can use a variety of channels. That is, they go in person to an office, use a telephone service, access information via the Internet, send a letter, or use a third party. Since the Australian Government first recognised the potential of online technology to improve service delivery in its 1997 Investing for Growth statement, it has articulated its policies and strategies for e-government in a number of papers. E-government involves government agencies delivering better programs and services online through the use of new information and communication technologies. The policy papers included Government Online-The Commonwealth's Strategy, launched in April 2000, and a new framework for e-government, Better Services. Better Government, launched in November 2002. Most recently, the Government released Australia's Strategic Framework for the Information Economy in July 2004. These papers outlined the broad directions and priorities for the future of e-government in Australia, and sought to maintain the momentum of agencies' actions under Government Online. One of its key objectives was for agencies to achieve greater efficiency in providing services and a return on their investments in ICT (Information and Communication Technology)-based service delivery. They also stated that investing in e-government should deliver tangible returns, whether they take the form of cost reductions, increased efficiency and productivity, or improved services to business and the broader community Implementation of the Government policy has led to considerable agency investment in ICT-based service delivery. However government policy also requires managers to ensure that program and service delivery is efficient and effective. Efficient and effective use of ICT has the potential to improve service delivery and to make financial savings. This paper outlines how people are using the channels to contact the government in Australia. It also examines the level of satisfaction they have with those services and their preferences and expectations. In addition, this paper aims at identifying the methods used by Australian Government to measure the efficiency and effectiveness of their delivery of services, and at assessing the adequacy of these methods.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.315-331
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to examine current situations about and factors related to expenditures of private education among pre-school children and to provide policy implications useful for future pre-school children education. The subjects of the study were parents of pre-school children under seven years of age, who lived in Seoul and Incheon area. The survey was conducted using parent questionnaire. The major findings of the study are: First, 86.8% of parents of pre-school children use private education and the average expenditure on it was 154, 446 won. Second, major factors determining their private education expenditure are educational level of parents, parents' job characteristics, household income, and region. Third, the most important reason for using private education among parents is to improve and excel in academic performance of their children. Forth, the higher the parents' expected returns from private education are, the higher the expenditure level of private education is. Fitth, the results of the logistic regressions showed that parents' attitudes toward private education was the most important factor in determining household economic burden associated with private education. The odds were 5 times greater for the parent group with strong desire for private education than for the parent group without it and 1.2 times greater for the parent group with high-expected returns from private education than the parent group without it. In conclusion, systematic, universal educational policies need to be developed to provide and support all the parents with pre-school children, given that their current economic burden is substantial. By providing such support, we can help parents focus on public education. This study examining current situations about and determining factors related to private education expenditures among pre-school children collected data limiting only Seoul and Inchoen area, therefore, future studies need to include data collected nationwide for generalizability of the findings. As well, development of more elaborated survey instruments and analytical methods would advance our understanding in the field.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.97-129
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• 2010

We examine performance of actively managed equity funds in Korea for the period from 2002 to 2008 and investigate if fund managers have market timing abilities. We obtain the following findings: (1) average performance of funds evaluated at net return basis(net of expenses) is statistically indistinguishable from zero; (2) average performance of funds evaluated at gross return basis(before netting expenses) exceeds benchmark market returns significantly. More importantly, when funds are grouped by their size of expenses, higher performance is matched with larger expense; (3) the regression results for decomposing positive excessive returns of large-expense funds between market timing and stock selection ability are mixed. The first two findings of the paper are consistent with the Efficient Market Hypothesis a $l{\acute{a}}$ Grossman and Stiglitz(1980). Concluding remarks, however, need to be reserved since sources of excessive performance of funds with large expenses are yet to be clarified.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.371-381
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• 1983

This study is aimed at identifying the economic effects of drainage improvement projects. The total area of poor drainage is equivalent to 170,000ha, 13% of the total area of paddy field in Korea. The development of poor drained paddy is an urgent problem considering the low rate of self-sufficiency of food grain and the limitation of farmer's income increase. Rapid development of Korean economy has brought labor shoriage in rural farming sector. Accordingly farm mechanization is an important agricultural policy to hike labor productivity and to save production costs of rice farming. The expected economic benefits of the drainage improvement project are derived from increasing land productivity, expanding double cropped area and farming the farm mechanization base in paddy fields. The economic and financial rate of return of the project are considered very important decision making criteria for project implementation by resource allocation. Therefore this study covered benefit and cost analysis of the sampled area, the estimated financial rate of returns in $Buy{\check{o}}$ and Jinsung are represented 15% and 51% respectively and the economic rate of returns in both project area are also showing 1% and 26% respectively. The rate of return of the projects has showed an outstanding variance according to the locational and natural characteristics of the project area. As showing the above economic rate of return, $Buy{\check{o}}$ is very low Jinsung is very high. But the financial rate of return of both projects are considered comparatively high. Cosequently, the drainage improvement projects should be promoted from the view point of farm income increase to make narrow the income gap between rural and urban incomes and farm mechanization to solve labor shortage in the rural area.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.3-22
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• 2016

In this study, I examine mutual shock spillover effects among interest rate differences, won-dollar foreign exchange change rates, and stock market returns in Korea during the daily sample period from the beginning of 1995 to the October 16, 2015, using the multivariate GARCH (generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity) BEKK (Baba-Engle-Kraft-Kroner) model framework. Major findings are as follows. Throughout the 6 model estimation results of variance equations determining return spillovers covered from symmetric and asymmetric models of total sample period and two crisis sub-sample periods composed of Korean FX Crisis Times and Global Financial Crisis Times, shock spillovers are shown to exist mainly from stock market return shocks. Stock market shocks including down-shocks from the asymmetric models are shown to transfer to those other two markets most successfully. Therefore it is most important to maintain stable financial markets that a policy design for stock market stabilization such as mitigating stock market volatility.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.37-75
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• 2001

Technological systems are defined as network(s) consisting of technological infrastructure, industrial organization, and institutional infrastructure. This paper reviews SEMATECH in the U.S. and VLSI Program in Korea as a technological system for semiconductor, which is an advanced technology. Several issues are addressed : how did they get started\ulcorner ; how have they been evolved\ulcorner ; how have the actors and institutions within the system interacted\ulcorner ; what role has the government played in that process\ulcorner Both systems were created by their government, respectively, and they have been evaluated as successful. However, while SEMATECH became complete eough in terms of technological infrastructure, industrial organization, and institutional infrastructure to generate sufficient increasing returns to develop in a self-reinforcing way, a series of VLSI program in Korea is still operated discontinuously under the government subsidy. SEMATECH is more flexible and stable than Korea's VLSI program in that the system has a centralized structure and has been managed and staffed by industry substantially. In addition, both cases show that a technological system may evolve having connections with foreign technological systems and local sub-systems beyond nations, regions and industries. Many other similarities, contrasts, and insights for technological policy from each country's experiences are presented.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.147-165
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• 2017

This study quantifies the dynamic interrelationship between the KOSPI index return and search query data derived from the Naver DataLab. The empirical estimation using a bivariate GARCH model reveals that negative contemporaneous correlations between the stock return and the search frequency prevail during the sample period. Meanwhile, the search frequency has a negative association with the one-week- ahead stock return but not vice versa. In addition to identifying dynamic correlations, the paper also aims to serve as a test bed in which the existence of profitable trading strategies based on big data is explored. Specifically, the strategy interpreting the heightened investor attention as a negative signal for future returns appears to have been superior to the benchmark strategy in terms of the expected utility over wealth. This paper also demonstrates that the big data-based option trading strategy might be able to beat the market under certain conditions. These results highlight the possibility of big data as a potential source-which has been left largely untapped-for establishing profitable trading strategies as well as developing insights on stock market dynamics.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.109-113
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• 2008

Realizing the scope of utilizing by-products of silk cocoons by applying appropriate methods is the immediate crave to optimize returns. The nutritive value of pupae suits for human diet, feed for poultry, carps, fish, rabbits, piggery and dogs. The pupal skin, fat, oil, cocoon palade have applications in oleo chemical, soap, glycerin, cosmetic, artificial fibres, membranes and n-triacontanol isolation. The pupal proteins Chitin, Shinki fibroin, Serrapeptidase, glucosamine are latent precursors of post surgical, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammative, anti-bacterial, anti-histaminic, gastric, hepatitis, pancreatitis, leukocytopenia, neurological, ophthalmic, blood pressure, cardiac and diabetic medicines and for preparation of vitamins A, E and K. The silk and its proteins sericin and fibroin are potentially used for wound healing, diabetes, impotence, sinusitis, arthritis, edema, cystitis, epididymitis, tissue regeneration, cancer, post-surgical trauma and used as anti-oxidatives, bio-adhesives, ultra violet screens and bio-active textiles. The waste cocoons can be used in making art crafts like garlands, carpets, overcoats, decoratives and greeting cards. The in-depth research towards utility optimization and make aware this reality to sericulturists, reelers, weavers, traders, entrepreneurs, policy makers etc., is the upright want of the today's Sericulture industry.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.153-165
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• 2014

We present a new framework for rental capacity management in which rental capacity is dynamically managed by means of temporary inventory addition/return. While serving customers with its own (native) capacity, the rental firm rents additional rental capacity from an upper echelon rental company so that it can avoid lost sales which may occur when stock is not sufficient, and returns it when stock becomes sufficiently large enough to cope with demands. Formulating the model as a Markov decision process, we investigate a flexible capacity addition/return policy that maximizes the firm's profit with respect to system costs. Numerical study indicates that rental operation with capacity addition/return can be economically favorable over rental operation without capacity expansion/return and can contribute the reduction in the size of native rental capacity.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.89-96
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• 2009

Feasibility which is complimented before Social Overhead Capital Project and National Policy Project is analyzed by economic and political benefits. The projects will be performed if the benefits are bigger than the project cost. In this study, feasibility was examined at various viewpoints on sewer rehabilitation projects implemented with private capitals. To achieve the feasibility analysis, the B/C (Benefit/Cost Ratio), IRR (Internal Rate of Return) and the returns ratio of the Build Transfer Lease project implemented in 2007 at W city were estimated. At the same time, the correlation with B/C and benefit sensitivity of concessionary rate fluctuation were analyzed to evaluate the efficiency and feasibility of the seven sewer rehabilitation projects promoted by a local autonomous entity.