• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.467-479
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to check effects on the awareness of parents supporting in their self retirement preparation of the baby boomer generations who have faced relatively bad situation in this era considering the reality of great changes brought in the parents supporting spirit which was regarded as family and individual responsibility due to the rapid industrialization and urbanization. In the result of this study, some points such as religious, living status and monthly average earning show meaningful result and also all of the colligation in the retirement preparation standard concerning economic living life, health life, leisure time, family life, dwelling life and leisure life shows most significance probability of .001(*p<0.05) and retirement preparation standard relative to economic life indicates significance probability of .005(*p<0.05). Eventually this result shows that the higher people have retirement standard, the higher parents supporting sprit they have. So I would like to suggest some policy advices on the basis of this study. First stable supporting policy on their dwelling life should be assisted by differential methods, secondly social programs aid for leisure life through social activities like volunteer work are required, further more national based policy supports for youngsters are considered in order to reduce economic daily life on their economic activities.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.375-403
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• 2005

This Study reviews theoretical argument about the effect of retirement earnings test on the labor supply of the aged which is controversial issue in OECD countries and analyze the effect on the incidence of re-employment, re-employment period of suspended officials and the possibility of re-retirement through Government Employment Pension Corporation data. It consists of 178,363 public officials who received pension benefit or disability pension in January 2005. The main result of this research shows that public officials re-employed were 8,086 which is 4.5% of total retired, and median survival time of suspended pension payments is 3.3 years. Also the median re-employment period of 100% suspended officials is about 20 month shorter than that of 1/2 suspended officials and it is shown in regression analysis that the possibility of re-retirement by 100% suspended officials is statistically significant higher than those of 50%. It specially expects greater influence if includes in case taking lump-sum or no making effect of re-employment because current system withhold pension payments even by earned income itself. Therefore, this analysis suggests suspension of pension payment properly applied according to the age and income together with "Delayed Retirement Credit" or "Partial Pension" for developmental alternatives of civil servant's suspension of pension payments. Furthermore, It is urgently needed that distinctive quality data about re-employment including earnings to perform deep-empirical research for effective policy. Lastly, it is extremely necessary to reinforce management system of Government Employment Pension Corporation.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.57-89
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• 2008

Using the data of 'middle-and old-aged people' in the 6th year(2003) of KLIPS(Korea Labor and Income Panel Study), this study compared entirely retired men's income source and amount of income divided by the time of retirement and analyzed the determinants of main income source and amount of income level using Multinomial Logit Analysis and Tobit Analysis. The results of these were as following; First, Entirely retired men has average 1.27 income source and the amount of income from main income source is positioned at 85% of total income. This result indicates the lack of variety to get opportunities of income sources for the living and also means high risk associated with the entirely retired men if he looses the main income source. Second, most of income source of entirely retired men is spouse's earned income or private income transfers, however, if we divide those as timing of retirement and characters of each individual, it is represented that the most of income source is differentiated by the position at labor market during work life and the opportunity for building the wealth, and the possibility of obtaining public pension and public support. Third, the income level depends on what sort of income source the retired men has, this shows that there is not a strong relationship between obtaining a Income source and gaining above the certain level of income.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2010

Korean population is now aging at an unprecedented rate. Fertility decline together with rapid improvements in life expectancy is the dominant demographic trend. As human life and housing environment are inseparably related to each other, the importance of conditions of housing environment for active aging among seniors has been received considerable attention as vital ones to expand the independency period of seniors. The purpose of this case study is to identify relationships between environmental affordance and perceived holistic health of the active elderly living in a retirement community located in Seoul. With spending time personally in the community to observe their lives, the researcher could be in close rapport with the residents. After the period of getting familiar with each other, in-depth individual interview and focus group interview were conducted and then, qualitative analysis was completed. As a result, general evidences showed that perceived seniors' health on the whole was improved physically, socially, and mentally by moving into the community providing appropriate environment affordance with the older adults. The study presents that retirement relocation into an improper environment may be a negative challenge, however, it may positively influence on the health and well-being of those who live there if the environment properly supports seniors‘ needs physically and socially

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-33
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• 2011

In-migration has long been recognized as on important factor in rural development. Its impact can be expected to increase even further as the elderly population continues to grow. Recently with the retirement of baby boomers, postretirement moves have become increasingly important issue in rural Korea. Because the consequences of rural in-migration are often most pronounced at the local or regional level, rural planners are among the many scholars and practitioners seeking to understand the patterns and consequences of in-migration. At the same time, however, planners have sometimes overlooked basic research on the causes and determinants of mobility, and on the relationships between retirement migration and other socioeconomic processes. The papers aims to explore the reviews of rural in-migration studies and its practical implications, providing an interdisciplinary review of the most important studies published between 1990-2009. Through the literature review of in-migration, this study suggests that main arguments for rural in-imgration studies such as rural populations, counterurbanization, rural businesses incubator and rural amenity be emphasized to vitalize and diversify rural economies.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.117-133
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to enhance the marital relationships of middle-aged couples in their 50s who either had retired or were approaching retirement and to develop marriage-enrichment program that would help them maintain a happy and satisfactory family relationship. In-depth interviews were conducted with middle-aged couples in their 50s who had enrolled in the program. Developed based on the relevant literature and our own needs analyses the program was organized into three areas, family relationship, life management(time, leisure), and life plan for old ages. The program consisted of five sessions of 120 minutes each. Participants attended the program's lectures and activities. Pre and post-tests were conducted to examine the program's effectiveness. The post-test results showed improvement over the pre-test results, so we can conclude that this program would appropriate for improving the marital relationships of middle- aged couples in their 50s both before or after their retirement.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2015

Purpose - Economic status at an early stage of life after one's retirement is often determined by the long-term sacrifice of one's earlier consumption tendencies. In general, the first and foremost way to secure income after retirement is through annuity savings. People sign up for personal annuity savings in order to guarantee a stable economic life upon retirement, and such actions may be heavily influenced by self-efficacy. Confidence in current economic activity is a source of rational decision-making. Inability to achieve self-control can lead to reckless spending and the eventual hindering of proper investment for the future. This paper examines how self-efficacy and self-control affect the intention and action of enrolling in an annuity savings plan in relation to one's level of financial literacy. Research design, data, and methodology - To analyze the proposed model, this study investigates financial consumers over the age of 20. The data were collected from 511 respondents and analyzed with SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. First, for the one-dimensional test and to measure the convergent validity of each structure, we use the scale purification process. The results of the test and the confirmatory factor analysis ensure the focus of the validity of the single dimension for each structure. In addition, the validity of the measurement was guaranteed from the results of correlation analysis. Results - First, self-efficacy and self-control have positive effects on the purchasing intention of the personal annuity savings plan. Second, purchasing intention positively affects purchasing behavior. Lastly, self-control has a positive effect on purchasing intention among the low financial literacy group, whereas self-efficacy does not have this effect in the high financial literacy one. Conclusions - The time of product benefit is different with age. The younger group would be granted the savings after several decades once they enroll, whereas the older group would wait for a relatively shorter period of time. Therefore, further research should be conducted in order to verify such a difference. However, this study has value through its confirmation that the roles of self-efficacy and self-control play a part in leading to the enrollment in annuity savings plans and by verifying different effects based on levels of financial literacy. Such results suggest a number of implications in a real life setting. First, banks need to put greater emphasis on the stability of annuity savings in general. Second, customers with relatively low levels of financial literacy are able to control their finances through annuity savings, but find self-efficacy difficult due to a lack of financial understanding. Therefore, such customers should be approached from an invest-effectiveness comparison method. Third, customers with high financial literacy tend to put more value in rational economic decision-making and behavior than in self-efficacy. Therefore, such customers should be approached by promoting the reliability of annuity savings and the excellence of the specific bank's annuity savings plan in comparison to those of other financial institutions.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• 제52권
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• pp.33-61
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• 2003

This study aims to identify early retirement and the subsequent career ending patterns and explain the phenomena in terms of social security policies and labor market perspectives. Although many older workers retire early, there are very few studies to examine how the retirees end their careers after quitting the long-time jobs. The paper investigates individual work experiences 55 through 61, identifies the career ending patterns, constitutes the micro and macro analytical models to estimate the impacts of labor market and work-related variables. The findings show that many older workers have diverse career ending patterns after long-time career jobs, that is, still working at age-55 job, exiting and reentering, sporadic work, retired permanently from age-55 job, a repeat of labor force entry. Also the estimation results indicate that pension, social security, labor market condition, work structure variables better explain the career ending behaviors than social psychological factors of health, education, attitudes toward retirement and job, ethnicity. Finally, this paper discusses theoretical importances of labor market perspectives and policy implications at the end of thesis.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 한국주거학회 2008년 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.112-116
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• 2008

As modern cities have become more developed by making factories and modern industries, the countryside areas were confront with civilization compare than before. Actually, heavy traffic, air pollution, and increasing land price in the cities caused by such a big problem. And people who want to live in countryside try to find house in the context, but it is not easy to satisfy their desire for living. This article deals a way of living, by utilizing Club House, and using natural area more to have a good life during the retirement time, and spending wonderful time at the weekends. Our recommend is providing a countryside village and Second House around the Golf Club for the people who want to spend their leisure time comfortably and taking rest.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.23-41
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• 2002

Ordinary, the hotel Career Development that cooks are hi red, then OJT and evaluation, disposition. It means that cook to set in order with licence and to carry-out effect But it is not continue forever about the job demand, attitude, ability of cook. The Executive Chef and depart of career development have to plan for problems now and a long time of time to cooks. Demand of cook career development are sociality and economical. Because the hotel needs a high-grade cook for keep competitive in changing surround. internal resources are more effect ive when require without delay man power than hire urgent. It is not only lack career development to cook, probably face up to retirement at one time and foment social order but also cook lose their a right to labor. Cook supports their family and grow, economic base for ethical by labor, so have to carry their point. In addition the domestic five stars hotel's career development structure are very simple and infirm, so it cause stagnation to position, lead to negative vision and show a drop in efficiency. Therefore the hotel must investment about Career Development.