• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.156-163
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• 2009

Retail space itself could be one of the marketing strategies, through creating space, and communicating brand identity. Especially for innovative products, such as mobile technology products, store is not just to sell products but to provide experiences so that users can fudge usefulness of products and reduce uncertainties to adopt the products. The purpose of this study is to investigate how environmental features and physical artifacts contribute to promote experiences of innovative products in stores and how physical environment help to establish brand identity. For this study, site visits, observation, and literature review were conducted. For case studies, three retail spaces (Apple, Iriver, Sony) and one service space(TTL) were selected. Compared to the service space, three retail spaces have more transparent and open store front design characteristics. For the experiences of shoppers, products displayed in a radial shape, round shape, column shape, and around peripherals of the stores. A service oriented space, TTL zone is differentiated from three retail spaces in terms of layout, store front design, and experience areas. Compared to the traditional stores selling innovative products, the case stores showed more warm atmosphere using various shape, wood materials, lighting fixtures and furniture.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.120-128
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• 2014

Due to prolonged recession and limited spending of the consumers, domestic fashion brands are putting their efforts in pursuing competitiveness in order to survive in an intense competition, and because of this reason, VMD is being considered significant as a strategy for store environment improvement. An empirical research regarding analysis for systematic strategic VMD configuration factors of fashion retail store and relationship of repurchase intention that have effects on increase in sales was conducted. Thus, this study considers importance and spatial interrelation of VMD configuration factors of fashion retail store through theoretical consideration, and based on this, VMD configuration factors were restructured into reconcilability, attractiveness and epidemicity. An empirical validation through theoretical hypotheses and survey for relationships among VMD configuration factors, brand preference and repurchase intention was conducted. As a result of path analysis, VMD configuration factors reconcilability, attractiveness and epidemicity have effects on repurchase intention, and it was analyzed that epidemicity has the biggest effect on consumers. Also, it was found that brand preference has effects on repurchase intention and through this, as favorability and customer satisfaction for brand has effects on repurchase intention, it is judged that creating a strong brand image and brand image building is important the most for improving brand preference.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.188-198
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• 2015

Both employee satisfaction and loyalty play an important role in increasing the business performances of organizations in the service industry. However, the influence of TQM practices on employee satisfaction and employee loyalty has not been examined in the ICT service supply chain. This study aimed to investigate the impact of five total quality management (TQM) practices on employee satisfaction and employee loyalty in Korean ICT customer service and retail distribution organizations. Based on an empirical study of 578 respondents in a Korean ICT service company, the study examined the hypothesized relationships among TQM practices, employee satisfaction, and employee loyalty. Using structural equations modeling, it is found that TQM practices are significantly related to employee satisfaction, whereas the latter in turn influences employee loyalty. The results of analysis suggest that the ICT customer service and retail distribution organizations should concentrate on enhancing employee satisfaction of their TQM practices and creating a people-satisfied job environment.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.9-12
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• 2011

This study aimed to predict retail sales of local markets in Jinan city of China with the Huff model. Using the Huff Model, we examined whether the predicted retail sales of local markets may be different in Jinan, China, from the department stores, supermarkets, shopping centers/shopping malls, and home appliance stores. The probability that a customer shops at location depends upon the store size and the travel time factors calculated by the Huff Model. We found that the predictedretail sales of shopping malls have a greater value than others. People who live in a mid-sized city may have easier access to any stores within the city boundary than people in metropolitan areas. Therefore, people in a mid-sized city are more sensitive to store size, because a bigger store size means greater opportunities, incentivizing consumers to travel further to competing stores after passing by nearer, smaller stores. This study has some limitations. First, the data is somewhat restricted in that the subject stores do not represent all of the stores in Jinan. Second, we cannot compare the estimated market share of the stores and the actual sales data. It is further suggested in this study that more databases be developed throughout such East Asian countries as Korea and Japan and that a different parameter λ value in the Huff Model be utilized for mid-sized cities.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.5-17
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• 2021

Purpose: As mobile devices are commonly used and contact-free services are widespread due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the recent distribution environment, this study suggests retail strategies for consumers using high-speed railways. To this end, we analyzed how consumer perception on technologies necessary for use of mobile apps is related to the attitude that drives consumers to continue using the app services. Research design, data and methodology: Based on the extended unified theory of technology acceptance and use of technology model by Venkatesh, Morris, Davis and Davis (2003), we added variables proposed by existing theories that studied the technology acceptance model from multiple perspectives and empirically analyzed the relationship between user satisfaction and use intention with structural equation modeling. Results: As expected, factors necessary for the use of app services such as performance expectancy, social influence, price value, facilitating conditions, security, and aesthetics had positive effects on user satisfaction, whereas the effect of effort expectancy on user satisfaction was rejected. And user satisfaction was found to have a significant effect on intention to use. Conclusions: The results provide implications that strategic retail management of the above factors can motivate passengers to continuously use high-speed railways.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.121-129
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• 2023

Purpose: Market basket analysis is one of the most frequently used methods in the retail industry today as a technique to discover the product association. It is empirically analyzed how these product associations differ regionally in the case of the United States. Research design, data, and methodology: Based on the purchasing data of consumer panels collected from 49 US states, the association rules for each state was extracted with the corresponding lift values indicating product association. The difference in lift values in 49 states by the association rule was compared and tested for 49 states and for 4 census regions (Northeast, Midwest, South, West). Results: The association rules of 3/4 of the same association rules show positive associations or negative associations depending on the lift values of the states. There were significant differences in the lift values for 49 states, and for 4 census regions. These significant differences in the lift values were found to be related to the distance between states and whether states belong to the same census region. Conclusions: Retail product associations shown by market basket analysis may vary depending on regional distance or regional heterogeneity. It is necessary to pay attention to these points in multi-store environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.73-84
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• 2023

This study aims to identify the current sizing communication issues of menswear on retail websites and to suggest an effective size information presentation method. Based on sales frequency and awareness in the Korean menswear market, 22 brand websites were selected, and size-related information was investigated using 7 types of representative apparel items. The current diverse types of size codes had limitations in delivering actual product size information. Many websites preferred to display garment dimensions rather than basic body measurements, which is the suggested size designation method in Korean Standard. The websites posted fit model photos and customer reviews. However, the body size specifications, which consumers can use as a useful reference, were often omitted. There was also a high uncertainty in product size selection, with only the basic body measurement information listed, and there was a high deviation of garment dimensions within the same basic body measurements. The product size distribution did not match actual Korean body types. Based on the findings, we suggested improved effective sizing communication methods. These methods will contribute to a better online shopping environment for both consumers and retail sellers.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.79-86
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• 2018

Purpose - Many retail stores tend to use scarcity-laden message in order to influence consumers, where scarcity refers to insufficiency of product supply or time of availability. For example, inside stores, the displayed products are often accompanied by scarcity message such as 'exclusive offer, limited time only.' According to past research, scarcity has a positive effect on product evaluation, since scarcity can acts as a signal of consumer demand, and thus product quality. Prior studies argue that consumers face a scarce product, they logically infer that other consumers buying the product in large numbers cause the scarcity. We propose that scarcity can be interpreted as a sales tactic artificially created by retail stores in order to increase sales of product. Research design, data, and methodology - We use a persuasion knowledge perspective framework to develop our hypotheses. In the present research, we show that product curation type is a key variable that moderates consumer response to scarcity, and thus the scarcity effect on product evaluation. Results - In this research, we showed when scarcity-laden message was used inside the store using consumer-centric curation message, scarcity had a positive effect on product evaluation. In contrast, when scarcity-laden message was used inside the store using marketer-centric curation message, the positive of scarcity message on product evaluation was diluted. Conclusions - Our study makes two important contributions to the literature on consumer response to scarcity. First, we identify a variable - namely, product curation type - that determines when either 'scarcity = good' or 'scarcity = marketing tactic' interpretation is likely to be dominant. Second, we cite persuasion knowledge perspective to explain the moderating function of product curation type in a retail store-related scarcity context. This research is relevant to practitioners, such as brand manager, retail environment manager, and advertising agencies, for the effective use for the scarcity-laden message in retail. The proposed moderator can operate in many real-life situations in retail where consumers are exposed to scarcity. And curation message related to scarcity has been facilitated by the inner-retail activities. These factors of the marketplace indicate that the boundary conditions of scarcity can have a significant effect on real-life consumer judgment.

• IE interfaces
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.343-353
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• 2008

Vendor-managed inventory(VMI) is a supply chain strategy to improve the inventory turnover and customer service in supply chain management. Unfortunately, many VMI programs fail because they simply transfer the transactional aspects of placing replenishment orders from customer to vendor. In fact, such VMI programs often degrade supply chain performance because vendors lack capability to plan the VMI operations effectively in an integrated way under the dynamic, complex, and stochastic VMI supply chain environment. This paper presents a decision support system, termed DSSV, for VMI in the retail supply chain. DSSV supports the market forecasting, vendor's production planning, retailer's inventory replenishment planning, vehicle routing, determination of the system operating parameter values, retailer's purchase price decision, and what-if analysis. The potential benefits of DSSV include the provision of guidance, solution, and simulation environment for enterprises to reduce risks for their VMI supply chain operations.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.21-40
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• 2000

The retail trades in many countries have changed recently according to the high quality, diversification, and marked individuality of consumer needs. Under the continually competing system of the WTO agreement, corporations based in the USA and the EU try to raise their market share in other countries so it is inevitable for Korean retail enterprises to compete with them. This paper is aimed at contributing to the efficient growth for Korean retail trade from the analysis of the development process in retail trade and its changing locations comparing Korea and the USA. Retailers in the USA have practiced diversified marketing strategies considerably in order to survive in a rapidly changing retailing environment. American retailing, which has the most advanced marketing system in the world, has been of growing concern to marketing strategies in Korea. The following is a brief summary of this study. 1. Speedy and higher quality consumption is needed in accordance with the great increase in the single-family household and the female labor force participation both in Korea and in the USA. Senior citizens have become a new consumer group due to the aging population. In the future the retail trade will switch over to diversified retail formats and internet shopping as countries are transformed into information and communication societies. 2. In Korea, the former retail system characterized by markets and department stores has been greatly changed since the late 1980s with emphasis on high quality and convenience in consumption behaviors, with large domestic enterprises and foreign distribution corporations participating in Korean retailing. In the USA, retailing mergers and takeovers by major retails, bankruptcies, and extra-large shopping centers have emerged since the late 1980s. Recently, the USA retailing formats have been changed from the lower price-oriented discount types to the large scale theme parks. Much emphasis was put on entertainment, resorts, and convention centers. On the other hand, non-store types, such as the internet shopping, the CATV shopping, as well as catalog and mail-order sales are drastically increasing, although the proportion of their sales is low up to now. 3. In Korea, most of the retail facilities are concentrated in Seoul and the Metropolitan Region, and the distribution ratio of facilities came to 52% in 1997. The periodic markets, traditional markets which open on a periodic basis, are located mainly in Chollanam-do and Kyungsangbuk-do. The large-sized discount stores have expanded their locations to the over-crowded apartment complexes in new towns, located in the Metropolitan Region, and the large provincial cities, unlike the suburban locations in the USA. Therefore we needed to give attention to the locational relations in retail facilities between Seoul & the Metropolitan Region and rural settlement areas. In the USA, urban areas grew quickly with the development of the automobile in the 1920s, and the location of stores changed from a dispersed style centering around rural areas to a centralized one in urban areas. There is an accelerated growth for suburban areas, which have grown rapidly since 1950. As the membership warehouse clubs were introduced in the 1970s, the decentralization of location was more intensified. On the other hand, inner cities were revitalized by rearranging existing facilities to cope with suburban areas. And the location-free virtual retailing & TV shopping are also growing every year. 4. In view of the above, the continuous and desirable development devices in Korean retail trade are summarized as follows: First, the countermeasures against economies of scale, increase in retailing sales, and rise of a employment percentage in retailing are in need. Second, a scheme of lowering the proportion of food retail sales, and increasing a ratio of durable goods sales need to be worked out. Third, the original ideas are needed to apply positively information, communication and technology to retailing, to graft the traditional types on modem ones based on the social culture. Fourth, strategies are needed to strengthen the competitiveness of our retail trade through cooperation and chains of smaller retailers, the large enterprises participating in the distribution industry. Fifth, in order to realize the above, the retail industry, the administration, and the academic world should support the retail segment with concern and a practical strategy plan.