• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• v.5A no.3
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• pp.303-308
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• 2005

The restructure of the electrical power industry is accompanied by the extension of the electrical power exchange. One of the key pieces of information used to determine how much power can be transferred through the network is known as available transfer capability (ATC). The traditional ATC deterministic approach is based on the severest case and it involves a complex procedure. Therefore, a novel approach for A TC calculation is proposed using cost optimization in this paper. The Jeju Island interconnected HVDC system has inland KEPCO (Korean Electric Power Corporation) systems, and its demand is increasing at the rate of about $\10[%]$ annually. To supply this increasing demand, the capability of the HVDC system must be enlarged. This paper proposes the optimal transfer capability of the HVDC system between Haenam in the inland and Jeju in Cheju Island through cost optimization. The cost optimization is based on generating cost in Jeju Island, transfer cost through Jeju-Haenam HVDC system and outage cost with one depth (N-1 contingency).

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.128-132
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• 2006

Interstate electric power system, as an alternative for energy cooperation under regional economic bloc, has been hotly debated before progressing the restructure in electric power industry and rapidly expanded in many regions after 1990s. Especially, since northeast asia has strong supplementation in resource, load shape, fuel mix etc., electric power system interconnection in this region may bring considerable economic benefits. Moreover, since Korean electric power system has a great difficulty in a geographical condition to interrupt electricity transaction with other countries, it has been expanded as an independent system to supply all demand domestically. As a result, Korean electric power system makes considerable payment for maintaining system security and reliability and expands costly facilities to supply a temporary summer peak demand. Under this inefficiency, if there are electricity transactions with Russia via the North Korea route then economic electric power system operation nay be achieved using seasonal and hourly differences in electricity price and/or load pattern among these countries. In this paper, we estimate price cap of transacted electricity via interstate electric power system in northeast asia. For this study, we perform quantitative economic analysis on various system interconnection scenarios.

• IE interfaces
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.137-145
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• 1994

현재까지의 EDB 시스템이 Data를 중심으로 한 관리나 프로세스 관리 같은 것들을 프로그램으로는 Hard Coding되어 있었던 관계로 인하여 단위업무의 성력화 또는 순수 데이터 관리 측면에서는 효율성을 가졌으나, 기업의 무한경쟁시대에 생존 수간으로서 행해지고 있는 BPR(Business Process Restructure) 또는 CE(Concurrent Engineering)에 대응 할 수 있는 유연성이 결여되어 있었다. 따라서 프로세스나 데이터에 관련된 규칙 또는 데이터가 있는 위치등과 같은 프로세스 및 데이터의 속성에 대한 정보를 Meta Database에 저장하여 보다 유연성이 있고 일관성 있게 데이터를 취급해 줄 필요성이 대두 되었다. 이러한 Meta Database를 사용자 시각에서 바라보면 프로세스가 변화 된다하더라도 일관된 실제 작업을 할 수 있을 것이다. 즉, 사용자는 자신이 사용하는 EDB의 단위 Application을 사용하면 새로 정의된 프로세스에 따라 자신의 데이터를 Release하고 시방변경, 삭제, 의뢰 등을 처리 할 수 있을 것이다. 따라서 현재의 EDB 시스템들의 개발이 전체의 개발 프로세스 중에서 일부만을 부분부문으로 개발하고 통합 할 뿐 실제 일관된 데이터의 유지나 공유가 매우 힘들었던 것을 부분적인 형태로 시스템이 구축된다하더라도 Meta Database를 통하여 개발 프로세스 전반에 걸친 다양한 PART 시스템간의 데이터 공유를 가능하게 할 수 있는 EDB 시스템구조에 대해 설명하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.117-124
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• 2002

In software development process, appropriate design can exist more than one. And software architectures can be restructured by modification and update during design processes. Therefore, the method that specify efficiently the modification elements of architectures, and manage different versions of architecture designed through various aspects is required. In this study, we propose software architecture restructuring mechanism that can restructure legacy architecture and a new software architecture designed with reuse of it in integrated form, and define specification elements and structure of the proposed restructured architecture specification. It provides the method that can reference and reuse architectures designed with various aspects of developers in architecture design processes. In addition, it supports flexible specification method for specification of modification elements such as revision, substitution, update of legacy software architecture.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.341-350
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• 2002

Software architectures can be restructured by modification and update during design processes, and appropriate software architectures for developments can be designed more than one. Therefore, it is required to specify efficiently the modification elements of architectures and restructuring method of designed architecture through various aspects. In this paper, we proposed software architecture restructuring mechanism that can restructure legacy architecture and a new software architecture designed with reuse of it in integrated form. And, we define specification elements and structure of the proposed restructured architecture specification. It provides the method that can reference and reuse architectures designed with various aspects of developers in architecture design processes. In addition, it supports flexible specification method for specification of modification elements such as revision, substitution, update of legacy software architecture.

• Plant Journal
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.58-66
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• 2011

The power plant companies reached the culmination for growth in the domestic market. Besides, we have faced many challenges such as an electricity opening market trend for overseas, banning the use of coal due to the United nations framework convention on climate change, and the meticulous attention regarding the government's electricity charge plan. On the other hand, the overseas business has been a critical issue since China and many other developing countries expanded their projects abroad. Another factor is that power plant industry is being privatized, and it made the market regulation a bit loose. Thus, the market environment became favorable toward those companies which planned many overseas businesses. In this research, the power plant company's current condition for construction and operation as well as its technical competitiveness were analyzed, and an alternative plan using SWOT analysis for entering an oversea market was made. It dealt with both internal and external factors. Also, examined was the current situation under the power plant industry dealing with restructure for electric industry, lack of fossil fuel, and the United nations framework convention on climate change. From the research, it was suggested that many successful strategies to enter the overseas business by using the market trend I researched.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic made it necessary for medical schools to restructure their curriculum by switching from face-to-face instruction to various forms of flexible learning. Flexible learning is a student-centered approach to learning that has received interest in many educational sectors. It is a critical strategy for expanding access to higher education during the pandemic. As flexible learning includes online, blended, hybrid, and hyflex learning options, learners have the opportunity to select an instruction modality based on their needs and interests. The shift to flexible learning in medical education took place rapidly in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and learners, instructors, and schools were not prepared for this instructional change. Through the lens of the technology acceptance model, human agency, and a social constructivist perspective, I examine students, instructors, and educational institutions' roles in successfully navigating the digital transformation era. The pandemic has also accelerated the use of advanced information and communication technologies, such as artificial intelligence and virtual reality, in learning. Through a review of the literature, this paper aimed to reflect on current flexible learning practices from the instructional design and educational technology perspective and explore emerging technologies that may be implemented in future medical education.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.595-604
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• 2021

This research aimed to explore the relationship between the challenge and enjoyment dimensions of intrinsic motivation and employee creativity at an individual level. Besides, the study focused on investigating the moderating role of empowering leadership in promoting employee creativity at work. In particular, in the context of Vietnam's electricity industry, the power generation stage faces significant challenges, forcing to innovate and restructure strongly to respond flexibly to the requirements of the electricity market development in Vietnam as well as gradually integrate with other countries in Southeast Asia. The authors used structural equations modeling (SEM) combined with Hayes' moderator variable analysis method (2017) based on primary data. The data included 550 questionnaires from technicians, engineers, and experts directly involved in the operation and production of 36 power generation businesses Vietnam. The results showed the relationship between the enjoyment dimension of intrinsic motivation and employee creativity is not statistically significant, which partly explains the instability of the link between intrinsic motivation and employee creativity. Meanwhile, the challenge dimension is positively associated with employee creativity, but this relationship is more robust in empowering leadership. The study also indicated the challenge dimension of intrinsic motivation is an important predictor of employee creativity.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.31-44
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• 2019

This study examines the normalization of Korean GM management between the Korean government and GM in terms of external negotiation game and internal negotiation game using Putnam's Two-Level Games. In addition, GM's Win-set change and negotiation strategy were analyzed. This analysis suggested implications for the optimal negotiation strategy for mutual cooperation between multinational corporations and local governments in the global business environment. First, the negotiation strategy for Korea's normalization of GM management in Korea can be shifted to both the concession theory and the opposition theory depending on the situation change and the government policy centered on the cautious theory. Second, GM will maximize its bargaining power through 'brink-end tactics' by utilizing the fact that the labor market is stabilized, which is the biggest weakness of the Korean government, while maintaining a typical Win-set reduction strategy. GM will be able to restructure at any time in terms of global management strategy, and if the financial support of the Korean government is provided, it will maintain the local factory but withdraw the local plant at the moment of stopping the support. In negotiations on the normalization of GM management in Korea, it is necessary to prepare a problem and countermeasures for various scenarios and to maintain a balance so that the policy does not deviate to any one side.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.85-117
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• 2018

This paper discusses the development of labor law in Indonesia after the 1998 reformasi. The end of the authoritarian regime and the subsequent introduction of democratic institutions in the country have opened up new spaces to restructure labor relations. The government promulgated a set of new labor laws that has brought tremendous changes to the employment system and the system of labor disputes settlement. In the face of the challenges these changes have created, labor unions are using alternative means to defend their members' interests. This paper shows how labor law reform has set a new social contract between the government, employer associations, and the labor movement.