• Title/Summary/Keyword: Response history analysis

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Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Beam's Inelastic Behavior Characteristics using Beam-column Fiber Finite Element considering Shear Deformation Effect (전단변형 효과가 고려된 보-기둥 섬유유한요소를 이용한 철근콘크리트 보의 비탄성 거동특성 평가)

  • Cheon, Ju-Hyun;Hwang, Cheol-Seong;Park, Kwang-Min;Shin, Hyun-Mock
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.130-137
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    • 2017
  • The purpose of this study is to provide a reasonable analytical method for the reinforced concrete beams which shows failure mode of shear and flexure-shear by proposing a modified formulation to consider the effect of shear deformation on the beam-column fiber element based on the flexibility method and a new constitutive law of inelastic shear response history for the section. A total of 6 specimens of reinforced concrete beams which is designed to cause shear failure before yielding longitudinal reinforcement to investigate the influence of the main experimental variables on the shear behavior characteristics and the analysis was performed by using a non-linear finite element analysis program (RCAHEST) applying the newly modified constitutive equation by the authors. The failure mode and the overall behavior characteristics until fracture are predicted appropriately for all specimens and the results are expected to be useful enough for the 3 - D analysis to carry out reliable results of large-scale and complicated structures in the future.

A Study on the Morphological Analysis of Identity in the Local Government of Gyeonggi Province - A Study of 31 Local Governments in Gyeonggi Province - (경기도 지자체 도시 아이덴티티의 형태론적 상징유형분석 연구 - 경기도 31개 지자체 심볼마크를 중심으로 -)

  • Kang, Do-eun;Kim, Myoun
    • Journal of Communication Design
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    • v.65
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    • pp.170-181
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    • 2018
  • Currently, urban identity is a corporate management strategy of the past, and it includes the unique history and cultural heritage of the region, and it is expected to enhance competitiveness and locality. In response, the city's identity design of 31 municipalities in Gyeonggi Province is moving away from the past, building a futuristic, concise and modern image, and building differentiated identity using geometric artificial motifs. However, despite the presence of urban identity in the past, Symbolmark's boundaries and benchmarks are becoming increasingly ambiguous as it replaces CI or acts as CI and BI by developing new BIs instead of renewals. Moreover, there are cases where the slogan containing vision is used as BI, which requires professional CIP management by presenting the status analysis and direction of municipal governments in Gyeonggi Province. Thus, in this study, the theoretical background analysis and academic study of 31 municipalities in Gyeonggi Province were conducted, and the final analysis space was analyzed by schematizing how the essential meaning of symbolism is expressed and interpreted.

A Study on the YouTube Videos Content Characteristics of the National Archives of Korea (국가기록원 유튜브 동영상 콘텐츠 특성에 대한 연구)

  • Ok nam, Park
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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    • v.56 no.4
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    • pp.515-536
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    • 2022
  • The purpose of this study is to understand the content characteristics in YouTube videos of the National Archives of Korea. For this purpose, keywords, video data, and viewer responses were collected for 324 videos posted by the National Archives of Korea for five years since April, 2017. Social network analysis, topic modeling, and content analysis were performed. Based on this, the main keywords leading the YouTube videos of the National Archives of Korea, 7 major topics and 20 sub-topics were identified. The characteristics of the YouTube videos and keywords network were studies. In addition, video characteristics were analyzed as external characteristics, video editing and delivery methods, and content characters. The study found that the YouTube channel of the National Archives of Korea has been posting the videos related to various topics such as places, history, and events as well as the basic functions of the archives to induce viewers' interest in the archives. The study also identified the areas that needed to be improved such as low response from viewers, lack of content that could interest viewers, and lack of channel operation to interact or communicate with viewers. Finally, the study was concluded with a proposal to spread the videos of the National Archives of Korea to more users.

The Nonlinear Behavior Characteristics of the 3D Mixed Building Structures with Variations in the Lower Stories (입체 복합구조물의 하부골조 층수 변화에 따른 비선형 거동특성)

  • 강병두;전대한;김재웅
    • Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.55-62
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    • 2002
  • The upper wall-lower frame structures(mixed building structures) are usually composed of shear wall structure in the upper part of structure which is used as residential space and frame structure in the lower part of structure which is used as commercial space centering around the transfer system in the lower part of structure. These structures are characteristics of stiffness irregularity, mass irregularity, and vertical geometric irregularity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the nonlinear response characteristics and the seismic capacity of mixed building structures when the number of stories in the lower frame is varied. The conclusions of this study are following. 1) As the result of push-over analysis of structure such as roof drift(i.e. roof displacement/structural height) and base shear coefficient, when the stories of lower frame system are increased, base shear coefficient is decreased, but roof drift is increased. 2) According to an increase in stories of the lower fame, story drift and ductility ratio of upper wall system are decreased and behavior of upper wall system is closed to elastic. 3) When the stories of lower frame system are increased, the excessive story drift is concentrated on the lower frame system.

Predominant T Helper 1 Immune Response in Women with Reproductive Failures (반복 유산 및 착상실패를 보이는 환자에서 Th1 면역반응에 대한 연구)

  • Han, Ae-Ra;Yang, Kwang-Moon;KwakKim, Joanne
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.231-237
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    • 2010
  • Objective: To evaluate whether T helper 1 (Th1) immune response is predominant in women with reproductive failures (recurrent spontaneous abortion and recurrent implantation failure) and the activation of T cell is related to Th1 propensity. Methods: Women with a history of recurrent implantation failure or recurrent spontaneous abortion comprise the study group (n=37). Controls are normal fertile women without a history of infertility or pregnancy losses (n=11). Th1/Th2 ratios of interferon (INF)-$\gamma$/interleukin (IL)-10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$/IL-10 expression on $CD3^+/4^+$ cells, CD154, and CD69 expression on T cells are measured by flow cytometric analysis. Results: The ratios of TNF-$\alpha$ to IL-10 expressing on $CD3^+/4^+$ cells (Th1/Th2 cell ratios) are significantly higher in study group ($42.1{\pm}2.3$) as compared with that of controls ($28.7{\pm}2.7$) (p=0.002). The overall trend of CD154 and CD69 expression on T cells are elevated in study group than those of controls. The proportion (%) of $CD3^+/4^+/154^+$ cells ($1.7{\pm}0.5$ vs. $0.3{\pm}0.2$, p=0.038) and the % of $CD3^+/8^+/154^+$ cells ($0.6{\pm}0.2$ vs. $0.1{\pm}0.0$, p=0.024) are significantly higher in study group. The % of $CD3^+/69^+$ cells ($5.6{\pm}1.9$ vs. $1.3{\pm}5.4$, p=0.046) and % of $CD3^+/8^+/69^+$ cells ($4.8{\pm}1.3$ vs. $1.8{\pm}0.2$, p=0.035) among $CD3^+/8^+$ cells are significantly increased in study group. Conclusion: Women with reproductive failures have Th1 propensity with increased T cell activation. These finding means that activated T cell has a harmful effect on early pregnancy and implantation by induction of Th1 immunity.

Context Prediction Using Right and Wrong Patterns to Improve Sequential Matching Performance for More Accurate Dynamic Context-Aware Recommendation (보다 정확한 동적 상황인식 추천을 위해 정확 및 오류 패턴을 활용하여 순차적 매칭 성능이 개선된 상황 예측 방법)

  • Kwon, Oh-Byung
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.51-67
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    • 2009
  • Developing an agile recommender system for nomadic users has been regarded as a promising application in mobile and ubiquitous settings. To increase the quality of personalized recommendation in terms of accuracy and elapsed time, estimating future context of the user in a correct way is highly crucial. Traditionally, time series analysis and Makovian process have been adopted for such forecasting. However, these methods are not adequate in predicting context data, only because most of context data are represented as nominal scale. To resolve these limitations, the alignment-prediction algorithm has been suggested for context prediction, especially for future context from the low-level context. Recently, an ontological approach has been proposed for guided context prediction without context history. However, due to variety of context information, acquiring sufficient context prediction knowledge a priori is not easy in most of service domains. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to propose a novel context prediction methodology, which does not require a priori knowledge, and to increase accuracy and decrease elapsed time for service response. To do so, we have newly developed pattern-based context prediction approach. First of ail, a set of individual rules is derived from each context attribute using context history. Then a pattern consisted of results from reasoning individual rules, is developed for pattern learning. If at least one context property matches, say R, then regard the pattern as right. If the pattern is new, add right pattern, set the value of mismatched properties = 0, freq = 1 and w(R, 1). Otherwise, increase the frequency of the matched right pattern by 1 and then set w(R,freq). After finishing training, if the frequency is greater than a threshold value, then save the right pattern in knowledge base. On the other hand, if at least one context property matches, say W, then regard the pattern as wrong. If the pattern is new, modify the result into wrong answer, add right pattern, and set frequency to 1 and w(W, 1). Or, increase the matched wrong pattern's frequency by 1 and then set w(W, freq). After finishing training, if the frequency value is greater than a threshold level, then save the wrong pattern on the knowledge basis. Then, context prediction is performed with combinatorial rules as follows: first, identify current context. Second, find matched patterns from right patterns. If there is no pattern matched, then find a matching pattern from wrong patterns. If a matching pattern is not found, then choose one context property whose predictability is higher than that of any other properties. To show the feasibility of the methodology proposed in this paper, we collected actual context history from the travelers who had visited the largest amusement park in Korea. As a result, 400 context records were collected in 2009. Then we randomly selected 70% of the records as training data. The rest were selected as testing data. To examine the performance of the methodology, prediction accuracy and elapsed time were chosen as measures. We compared the performance with case-based reasoning and voting methods. Through a simulation test, we conclude that our methodology is clearly better than CBR and voting methods in terms of accuracy and elapsed time. This shows that the methodology is relatively valid and scalable. As a second round of the experiment, we compared a full model to a partial model. A full model indicates that right and wrong patterns are used for reasoning the future context. On the other hand, a partial model means that the reasoning is performed only with right patterns, which is generally adopted in the legacy alignment-prediction method. It turned out that a full model is better than a partial model in terms of the accuracy while partial model is better when considering elapsed time. As a last experiment, we took into our consideration potential privacy problems that might arise among the users. To mediate such concern, we excluded such context properties as date of tour and user profiles such as gender and age. The outcome shows that preserving privacy is endurable. Contributions of this paper are as follows: First, academically, we have improved sequential matching methods to predict accuracy and service time by considering individual rules of each context property and learning from wrong patterns. Second, the proposed method is found to be quite effective for privacy preserving applications, which are frequently required by B2C context-aware services; the privacy preserving system applying the proposed method successfully can also decrease elapsed time. Hence, the method is very practical in establishing privacy preserving context-aware services. Our future research issues taking into account some limitations in this paper can be summarized as follows. First, user acceptance or usability will be tested with actual users in order to prove the value of the prototype system. Second, we will apply the proposed method to more general application domains as this paper focused on tourism in amusement park.

Relationship between disease stage and renal function in bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw

  • Kim, Yun-Ho;Park, Han-Kyul;Choi, Na-Rae;Kim, Seong-Won;Kim, Gyoo-Cheon;Hwang, Dae-Seok;Kim, Yong-Deok;Shin, Sang-Hun;Kim, Uk-Kyu
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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    • v.43 no.1
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    • pp.16-22
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    • 2017
  • Objectives: Bisphosphonate is the primary cause of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). Bisphosphonates are eliminated from the human body by the kidneys. It is anticipated that bisphosphonate levels in the body will increase if the kidney is in a weak state or if there is systemic disease that affects kidney function. The aim of this study was to analyze the relevance of renal function in the severity of BRONJ. Materials and Methods: Ninety-three patients diagnosed with BRONJ in Pusan National University Dental Hospital from January 2012 to December 2014 were included in this study. All patients underwent a clinical exam, radiographs, and serologic lab test, including urine analysis. The patient's medical history was also taken, including the type of bisphosphonate drug, the duration of administration and drug holiday, route of administration, and other systemic diseases. In accordance with the guidelines of the 2009 position paper of American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, the BRONJ stage was divided into 4 groups, from stage 0 to 3, according to the severity of disease. IBM SPSS Statistics version 21.0 (IBM Co., USA) was used to perform regression analysis with a 0.05% significance level. Results: BRONJ stage and renal factor (estimated glomerular filtration rate) showed a moderate statistically significant correlation. In the group with higher BRONJ stage, the creatinine level was higher, but the increase was not statistically significant. Other factors showed no significant correlation with BRONJ stage. There was a high statistically significant correlation between BRONJ stage and 'responder group' and 'non-responder group,' but there was no significant difference with the 'worsened group.' In addition, the age of the patients was a relative factor with BRONJ stage. Conclusion: With older age and lower renal function, BRONJ is more severe, and there may be a decrease in patient response to treatment.

Organizational Culture and Community-Centered Social Inclusion Orientation Among Social Service Organizations for People with Disabilities: Focused on Market Orientation As a Mediator (장애인복지기관의 조직문화유형과 지역사회중심사회통합지향성에 관한 연구 : 시장지향성의 매개효과를 중심으로)

  • Choi, Jae-Sung;Choi, Jung-Ah;Jung, So-Yon
    • Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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    • v.61 no.1
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    • pp.5-32
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    • 2009
  • The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of organizational culture types (rational culture, developmental culture, group culture, and hierarchical culture) on Community-Centered Social Inclusion Orientation(COSI) among social service organizations for people with disabilities. More specifically, this study developed and empirically tested two theoretical models where each of organizational culture types were hypothesized to affect COSI either directly or indirectly through market orientation. For data collection, self-administered type questionnaires were mailed to 416 social service organizations for people with disabilities across the nation and 293 responded (response rate: 70.4%) from June 1 to September 22, 2006. For analysis, however, only 263 respondents were used, excluding Independent living centers due to their small size and short history. Structural Equation Modeling was employed for analysis and Full Information Maximum Likelihood was used for estimation. Findings indicated that market orientation had a significant effect on COSI. In addition, developmental culture and hierarchical culture were found to affect COSI directly while rational culture and group culture were found to affect COSI indirectly through market orientation. These findings imply that market orientation needs to be emphasized as a strategy in order to enhance social inclusion orientation for those organizations. Given that all the four types of organizational culture have direct or indirect impacts on COSI, those organizations are also advised to develop the four types of organizational culture harmoniously rather than one single type of organizational culture.

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Method of Earthquake Acceleration Estimation for Predicting Damage to Arbitrary Location Structures based on Artificial Intelligence (임의 위치 구조물의 손상예측을 위한 인공지능 기반 지진가속도 추정방법 )

  • Kyeong-Seok Lee;Young-Deuk Seo;Eun-Rim Baek
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.71-79
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    • 2023
  • It is not efficient to install a maintenance system that measures seismic acceleration and displacement on all bridges and buildings to evaluate the safety of structures after an earthquake occurs. In order to maintain this, an on-site investigation is conducted. Therefore, it takes a lot of time when the scope of the investigation is wide. As a result, secondary damage may occur, so it is necessary to predict the safety of individual structures quickly. The method of estimating earthquake damage of a structure includes a finite element analysis method using approved seismic information and a structural analysis model. Therefore, it is necessary to predict the seismic information generated at arbitrary location in order to quickly determine structure damage. In this study, methods to predict the ground response spectrum and acceleration time history at arbitrary location using linear estimation methods, and artificial neural network learning methods based on seismic observation data were proposed and their applicability was evaluated. In the case of the linear estimation method, the error was small when the locations of nearby observatories were gathered, but the error increased significantly when it was spread. In the case of the artificial neural network learning method, it could be estimated with a lower level of error under the same conditions.

A Review of Korean Medicine Treatment for Managing the Thoracolumbar Compression Fractures: A Retrospective Observational Study (흉요추 압박골절 치료에 대한 한의복합치료 고찰: 후향적 관찰 연구)

  • Min-Jin Cho;Jiyun Lee;Myeong-Jong Lee;Hojun Kim;Kyungsun Han
    • Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.109-124
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    • 2023
  • Objectives This study aims to find out effect of Korean medicine treatment on managing thoracolumbar compression fractures through retrospective observational study. Methods Among hospitalized patients at the Department of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation from January 1st, 2018 to February 28th, 2023, a total of 24 inpatients who were diagnosed with thoracolumbar compression fractures and received Korean medicine treatment were included in this study. Numeric rating scale (NRS) was used for pain assessment and clinical variables such as sex, symptoms, age, thoracolumbar injury classification and severity (TLICS) scores were collected. For subgroup analysis to analyze factors affecting treatment response, we divided patients into responders and non-responders according to NRS change. For statistical analysis, we compared before/after hospitalization and analyzed distinct features between two groups. Results Most of the patients were in their 70s and 83.33% were female. Average hospitalization period was 24.54±11.91 days. All patients had back pain as their chief complaint and only 2 patients received surgeries. In TLICS, only 1 patient got score 6, which represented surgery indication. After Korean medicine treatment, NRS of almost every patient got lower significantly at the time of discharge (3.02±1.93) than admission (5.52±1.95). Comparing two groups, responders had lower NRS at the time of discharge and TLICS score of them were lower than non-responders. Conclusions Our results show that Korean medicine treatment for thoracolumbar compression fractures was effective in reducing pain. There were distinct clinical features such as age, past history, surgeries between those with significant improvement in pain scores and those who did not.