• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.581-596
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• 1999

하악 우측 제1대구치 및 제2대구치가 손실된 2급하악 후방연장 국소의치에서 무치악 부위 지대치 유도면의 기울기와 형태가 지지조직에 미치는 응력 및 변위를 비교 분석하기 위하여 3차원 유한요소법을 이용하여 알아보았다. Kratochvil 형태의 유도면의 기울기가 잔존치조제에 대하여 $90^{\circ}$인 경우, $95^{\circ}$인 경우, 그리고 $100^{\circ}$인 경우와 Krol형태의 유도면의 기울기가 $90^{\circ}$인 경우에 있어서 제2소구치를 지대치로 하고 RPI형태의 유지장치를 사용하는 경우를 가정하여 모델링한 다음 제1대구치 및 제2대구치의 중심와에 150N의 하중을 가하여 응력 및 변위에 대하여 실험한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. Kratochvil의 유도면 형태 중 기울기가 $90^{\circ}$인 경우와 Krol의 유도면 형태에서는 유사한 응력 분포를 나타내었으며 특히 지대치에서 치근단 방향으로 응력이 향하는 것으로 나타났다. 2. 유도면의 기울기가 $95^{\circ}$인 경우에서는 지대치의 치근단 부위에 응력이 증가하면서 근심방향으로 향하였으며, $100^{\circ}$인 경우에서는 치근단의 응력이 협측 및 근협측 방향으로 집중되어 나타났다. 3. 유도면의 기울기가 $90^{\circ}$인 경우에서는 지대치의치근이 조금 시계방향으로 비틀리는 양상으로 나타났으며, Krol의 유도면 형태에서는 지대치가 치근단 부위에서는 원설측으로 치경부에서는 근협측으로 변위되었다. 4. 유도면의 기울기가 $95^{\circ}$인 경우에서는 지대치의 치근은 치근단 부위에서 근설측으로 약간 변위되었고 치경부 방향으로 갈수록 반시계 방향으로 비틀리면서 보다 많이 변위되었으며, $100^{\circ}$인 경우에서는 지대치 치근단에서는 근협측으로 변위되었고 치경부방향으로 갈수록 시계방향으로 비틀리면서 보다 많이 변위되었다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.194-210
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the healing of post-extraction sockets following alveolar ridge preservation clinically, radiologically, and histologically. Methods: Overall, 7 extraction sockets in 7 patients were grafted with demineralised bovine bone mineral and covered with a porcine-derived non-crosslinked collagen matrix (CM). Soft tissue healing was clinically evaluated on the basis of a specific healing index. Horizontal and vertical ridge dimensional changes were assessed clinically and radiographically at baseline and 6 months after implant placement. For histological and histomorphometric analysis, bone biopsies were harvested from the augmented sites during implant surgery 6 months after the socket preservation procedure. Results: Clinically, healing proceeded uneventfully in all the sockets. A trend towards reduced horizontal and vertical socket dimensions was observed from baseline to the final examination. The mean width and height of resorption were 1.21 mm (P=0.005) and 0.46 mm (P=0.004), respectively. Histologically, residual xenograft particles ($31.97%{\pm}3.52%$) were surrounded by either newly formed bone ($16.02%{\pm}7.06%$) or connective tissue ($50.67%{\pm}8.42%$) without fibrous encapsulation. The CM underwent a physiological substitution process in favour of well-vascularised collagen-rich connective tissue. Conclusions: Socket preservation using demineralised bovine bone mineral in combination with CM provided stable dimensional changes of the alveolar ridge associated with good reepithelialisation of the soft tissues during a 6-month healing period.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.110-119
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• 2016

목적: 본 연구는 임플란트 지대주의 체결부 길이와 골정에 대한 고정체 상단의 위치에 따라서, 하중 적용 시 고정체, 지대주, 나사 및 골에서의 응력 분포에 어떤 변화가 나타나는지 평가해 보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법: 원추형 사면과 육각 기둥 형태의 회전저항구조를 갖는 내측 연결형 임플란트에서 지대주의 체결부 길이가 2.5 mm, 3.5 mm, 4.5 mm인 경우와 각 경우에서 고정체 상단이 골정과 같거나 골정보다 2 mm 상방에 위치할 때를 상정하여, 유한요소분석을 위한 모델을 총 6개 형성하였다. 각 경우에서 170 N의 30도 경사하중을 적용하였다. 결과: 6개의 유한요소분석 모델 모두에서, 임플란트는 고정체와 지대주의 체결 상단 부위에서, 주위 골에서는 골정 부근에서 최대 응력 값을 나타냈다. 지대주의 체결부 길이가 길어질수록, 주어진 하중에서 발생되는 고정체, 지대주, 나사 및 골에서의 최대 응력 값은 줄어들었다. 고정체 상단이 골정과 동일한 높이에 있는 경우보다 골정 2 mm 상방에 위치하는 경우에서 지대주의 체결부 길이가 길어질수록 모든 부위에서 더 큰 비율로 최대 응력 값의 감소를 나타내었다. 결론: 지대주의 체결부 길이가 길어질수록 모든 부위에서 주어진 하중에 따른 최대 응력 값이 줄어드는 것을 알 수 있었고, 임플란트의 기계적 및 생물학적 합병증 예방에 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2017

상악 구치부는 치조제 골 흡수와 상악동 함기화로 인해 가용골의 양은 제한되고 골질도 좋지 않은 경우가 대부분으로 상악동저의 거상 후 가용골의 증대와 취약한 골에서 임플란트의 견고한 초기 고정을 획득하는 것이 중요하다. 심하게 위축된 치조제의 경우 임플란트의 적절한 초기 고정 획득을 위해 측방접근법을 통한 상악동 골이식술이나 지연 임플란트 식립법이 추천되나 본 연구에서는 수직적 잔존골 높이가 3 mm 이하인 상악 구치부 세 증례를 통해 수직 골 소실이 심한 상악 구치부에서 전통적인 개념과는 달리 최소침습적 수술법으로 치조정 접근을 통한 상악동 골이식과 동시에 임플란트 식립을 시행하여 합병증 없이 충분한 길이의 임플란트 식립이 가능함을 제안한다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.791-803
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to evaluate exophytically vertical bone formation in residual ridge of the beagle dog by the concept of guided bone regeneration with a titanium reinforced e-PTFE membrane combined with irradiated cancellous human bone. Twelve male beagle dogs(mean age 1.5 years and mean weight 12kg) were used for this study. The alveolar ridges after extraction of all mandibular premolars were surgically and horizontally removed. At 8 weeks after extractions, full-thickness flap was reflected and cortical bone was removed with round bur and copious irrigation. Rectangular parallelepiped(10mm in length, 5mm in width, and 4mm in height) bended with titanium-reinforced e-PTFE(TR e-PTFE) membrane was placed on the decorticated alveolar ridge, fixed with metal pins and covered with full-thickness flap and assigned as a control group. Test groups ere treated with TR e-PTFE membrane filled with irradiated cancellous human bone. Of twelve beagle dogs, four control dogs and four test dogs without membrane exposure to oral cavity were sacrificed at 8 and 16 weeks respectively. The surgical sites were dissected out, fixed in 4% buffered formaldehyde, dyed using a Villanueva staining technique, and processed for embedding in plastic resin. The cutting and grinding methods were routinely processed for histologic and histomophometric analyis of exophytic bone formation as well as statistical analysis. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Exophytic bone formation in the both of experimental groups was increased respectively after surgery from 23.40% at 8 weeks to 46.26% at 16 weeks in the control groups, from 40.23% at 8 weeks to 47.11% at 16 weeks in the test groups(p<0.05). 2. At 8 weeks after surgery, exophytic bone formation was made 40.23% in the test groups and 33.40% in the control groups. Exophytic bone formation was significantly made in the test group more than in the control group. At 16 weeks after surgery, exophytic bone formation was made 44.11% in the test groups and 46.26% in the control groups. Exophytic bone formation was made in the test groups more than in the control groups, but there was no statistically significant differences. 3. The membrane was fixed with metal pins to closely contact it to the bone surface. So, collapse and deviation of the membrane could be prevented and in growth of connective tissue also could be blocked from the periphery of the membrane. On the basis of these findings, wee suggest that intraoral experimental model for exophytic bone formation may be effective to evaluate the effect of bone graft material. And it indicates that combined use of membrane and ICB graft material is more effective than use of membrane only for exophytic bone formation.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.433-441
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• 2005

To investigate the characteristics of tidal currents and water circulation in the coastal waters off the Taean Peninsula, tidal currents and sea levels were measured at the study area from 1998 to 2004. In the central waterway to the south of Changan Sand Ridge, mean speed of tidal currents and residual currents were 74.0cm/s, 17.8cm/s respectively; the dominant residual currents flowed northeastward, and the amplitudes of semi-diurnal components $(M_2,\;S_2)$ were larger than diurnal components $(O_1,\;K_1)$. The flood and ebb tidal currents were northeastward and southwestward, respectively, and each period was about 6 hours for them, which was consistent with the period of sea levels at the study area. In the coastal region near Hakampo, Taean, mean velocities of tidal currents and residual currents were 46.1cm/s, 30.8cm/s respectively, and the dominant residual currents flowed southwestward. The amplitudes of shallow water constituents $(M_4,\;MS_4)$ were relatively laige, which were weaker to the northeastern coastal region off Mineodo. The northeastward flow continued for about $2{\sim}3$ hours, while the southwestward flow continued for about $9{\sim}10$ hours near Hakampo during the tidal period. Tidal currents flowed northeastward in the central area of the waterway during the period from the Low Water Level (LWL) to the High Water Level (HWL). While the currents in the coastal region flowed northeastward for the first 3 hours after the LWL, southwestward counter-currents flowed between 3 and 6 hours after the LWL. During the period from the HWL to the LWL, the dominant currents flowed southwestward in the study area except to the northeastern coastal region off Mineodo. Along the shorelines, the counter-currents flowed northward between 4 and 6 hours after the HWL. It seems that the counter-currents near the coastal region are caused by the topography and the geography of the shorelines at the study area.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.108-118
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• 2010

Introduction: Maxillary posterior region, compared to the mandible or maxillary anterior region, has a thin cortical bone layer and is largely composed of cancellous bone, and therefore, it is often difficult to achieve primary stability. In such cases, sinus elevation with bone graft is necessary. Materials and Methods: In this research, 121 patients who had implant placement after bone graft were subjected to a follow-up study of 5 years from the moment of the initial surgery. The total survival rate, 5-year cumulative survival rate and the influence of the following factors on implant survival were evaluated; the condition of the patient (sex, age, general body condition), the site of implant placement, diameter and length of the implant, sinus elevation technique, closure method for osseous window, type of prosthesis and opposing teeth. Results: 1. The 5-year cumulative survival rate of total implants was 90.5%, there was no significant difference between sex, age, the site of implant placement, diameter and length of the implant, sinus elevation technique, and the type of opposing teeth. 2. Patients with diabetes mellitus < osteoporosis and smooth-surfaced machined group < hydroxyapatite (HA)-treated group and homogenous demineralized freeze dried allogenic bone (DFDB) bone graft only group had significantly lower survival rate. 3. With less than 4 mm of residual alveolar ridge height, lateral approach without closing the osseous window resulted in a significantly lower survival rate. 4. Restoration of a single implant showed a significantly lower survival rate, compared to cases where the superstructure was joined with several implants in the area. Conclusion: Patients with diabetes or osteoporosis need longer period of time for osseointegration compared to the normal, and the dentists must be prudent when choosing a surface treatment type and the bone graft material. Also, as the vertical dimension of the residual alveolar ridge can influence the result, staged implant placement should be considered when it seems difficult for the implant to gain primary stability from the residual bone with less than 4 mm of vertical dimension. It is recommended to obdurate the bone window and that the superstructure be connected with several impants in the peripheral area.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.95-102
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• 1997

Ameloblastoma is the most agrressive ofht odontogenic tumors and it arises from the dental lamina or the derivatives of lamina. Ameloblastoma is a benign but locally invasive neoplasm consisting of proliferating odontogenic epithelium lying in a fibrous stroma. Usually the ameloblastomas are diagnosed in the forth and fifth decardes. Over 80% of them occur in the mandible, the remainder in the maxilla. The preferred treatment for ameloblastoma is radical excision, conserving(when possible. the inferior border of the mandible. The functional and esthetic rehabilitation of the partially edentulous patient may prevent the remaining structures from supporting conventional prosthetic treatment. Patients with long edentulous spans, malpositioned teeth, residual ridges defects and high muscle attachments may be offered an osseointegrated fixed prosthesis. Osseointegrated dental implants provide a viable alternative of tooth replacement. This is a case report of 16 year old female with ameloblastoma. We treated patient with radical excision, conserving the inferior border of the mandible and allogenous bone graft. The defected residual ridge area was reconstructed implants(Steri-Oss Implant System). the result was satisfactory.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2000

A two-dimensional numerical model was applied to investigate the sediment transport and sand bank formation in a macrotidal sea, the Kyunggi and Asan Bays. The tidal residual currents show quite complex pattern including counter-rotating eddies off the northwestern corner of the Dugjeok Island that reflect the promontory effect. Complex residual eddies are also present off the coast of the Taeanbando and in the Asan Bay. Net sediment transport pattern shows that sandy sediments in the Kyunggi and Asan Bays are generally transported landward from the outer sea suggesting sediment trapping inside the bays. This phenomenon may be related to the formation and maintenance of numerous sand banks in this macrotidal sea. Alternate occurrences of deposition and erosion predicted from the numerical model along the coast of the Taeanbando with strong deposition on the southwestern part of the 'Jangansatoe'(JSB), a large sand ridge off the coast of the Taeanbando appear to reflect the loose connection of JSB, The 'Joongangcheontoe', a central sand bank (CSB) with the main axis in the NW-SE direction in the Asan Bay may undergo a modification with strong deposition along the northeastern flank. These results indicate that the sand banks are actively modified and maintained by the strong tidal currents in this shallow macrotidal sea.

• 대한자원환경지질학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한자원환경지질학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.148-151
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• 2005

Field-scale DNAPL dissolution is controlled by the topology of DNAPL distributions with respect to the velocity field. A high resolution percolation model was developed and employed to simulate the distribution of DNAPL within source zones. Statistically anisotropic permeability values and capillary parameters were generated for 10${\times}$10${\times}$10 m domains at a resolution of 0.05 to 0.1 m for various statistical properties. TCE leakage was simulated at various rates and the distribution of residual DNAPL in 'fingers' and 'lenses' was computed. Variations in finger and lens geometries, frequencies, average DNAPL saturations, and overall source topology were predicted to be strongly influenced by statistical properties of the medium as well as by injection rate and fluid properties. Model results were found to be consistent with observations from controlled DNAPL release experiments reported in the literature. The computed distributions of aquifer properties and DNAPL were utilized to perform high-resolution numerical simulations of groundwater flow and dissolved transport. Simulations were performed to assess the effect of grout or foam injection in bore holes within the source zone and of shallow point-releases of fluids with various properties on dissolution in DNAPL dissolution rate, even for widely spaced injection points. The results indicate that measures that induced partial flow reductions through DNAPL source zones can significantly decrease dissolution rates from residual DNAPL. The benefit from induced partial flow reductions is two-fold: 1) local flow reduction in DNAPL contaminated zones reduces mass transfer rates, and 2) contaminant flux reductions occur due to the decrease in groundwater velocity