• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.554-562
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• 2009

As a result of comparison analysis on body types of Korean women in their forties and Korean women residing in Japan, the following results had been found. 1. In terms of factors composing the body type, while women residing in Korea did not show large differences in obesity and horizontal size factors, women living in Japan showed higher contribution of obesity factor compared to horizontal size factor. That is, obesity factor was substantially more important among factors composing the body type for women residing in Japan. 2. Cluster analysis was done to understand the characteristics of body types and comparatively analyze them. Women residing in Korea were classified into tall and normal body, normal height with obese body, and short and chubby body. Women residing in Japan showed different characteristics with tall and obese body, tall and normal body with long lower part, and short and thin body. As a result of this study, identical ethnic group was found to take on different body types resulting from sociocultural differences and difference in eating habits if their place of residence differs for a long time.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2011

As a result of comparison analysis on body types of Korean women in their twenties and Korean women residing in Japan, the following results had been found. 1. The comparison of 49 items in physical measurements between the Korean women in their 20's and Korean women residing in Japan resulted in the differences in 33 items. 2. The comparison of the factor analysis results for physical measurements did not reveal big differences. 3. The comparison of the physical shapes according to the grouping resulted in three types each for both groups, with different features for individual types. Women residing in Korea were classified into tall and normal body, normal height with obese body, and short and thin body. Women residing in Japan showed different characteristics with tall and obese body, short and thin body and normal height with obese body. As a result of this study, identical ethnic group was found to take on different body types resulting from sociocultural differences and difference in eating habits if their place of residence differs for a long time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1361-1371
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• 2004

This was a follow-up study to the 'Study on the Body Types of Chinese Adult Women I,' which looked into the body types and classified them into representative body type groups, with the subjects of the women residing in Beijing and Shanghai, and it intends to compare the features of the body types by the residential area of each age range. The results were as follows: 1. The measurements physical items of the women residing in Beijing and Shanghai were compared by the age range, and differences were found in all age ranges. In particular, as the age ranges got higher, the differences in the physical measurements were significant. 2. The comparison of the factor score for the women residing in Beijing and Shanghai by the age range indicated the differences in all the age ranges, and the differences were larger as the age got higher. 3. The comparison of the type distribution for the women residing in Beijing and Shanghai by the age range indicated the differences in their 30's and 40's, while any differences in the type distribution were not found in their 20's.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.233-240
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• 2010

This research is designed to study the residence environment of the elderly residing in three different types of residence - the local community, silver towns and nursing homes and compare their level of social support and life satisfaction of the residents. The subjects of the study was those aged 65 and older who live single and couple 68 residing in the local community, 32 in silver town and 32 in nursing homes. The result of analysis is as follows; 1) the residence environment is different in the three types of residence in terms of number of children, living with a spouse, subjective economic status, and participation in group activities; 2) as for social support, emotional support is the highest among the elderly residing in the local community and declines among those in silver town and the lowest in nursing homes, which suggests that the local community still maintain the support system for the elderly, however it declines in silver town and drop further in nursing homes. But in terms of instrumental support, there is no meaningful difference in the three types of residence. The result shows that the elderly residing in nursing homes are supported by systematic medical and residence service which make up for instrumental support Similar to those in the local community and silver town; 3) life satisfaction is the highest among those residing in nursing homes, however there was little meaningful difference. The result means quality of living is similar among three different types of residence. What is interesting is those living in nursing homes has similar level of life satisfaction despite their lowest emotional support.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.24-38
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• 2008

As an attempt to improve the seaming of clothes exported to China, this study is intended to strengthen the clothing industry in Korea by providing data on the body figures of Chinese women. Direct measurement was conducted on 193 women aged 19-24 residing in Shanghai, China. Then we classified and identified the body types and characteristics of Chinese women based on the drop values suggested by the National Standard of the People's Republic of China(GB/T 1335.2-1997). The following is a summary and conclusion of this study. 1. The following results were obtained by measuring the body sizes of women aged 19-24 living in Shanghai, China. 2. After having conducted a factor analysis on 111 body measurement items, 15 index items, and 11 calculation items, we were able to deduce a total of 6 factors. 3. We categorized the body types of 19-24 year-old women living in Shanghai, China according to the drop values suggested by GB/T 1335.2-1997 where D-type was added to Y, A, B, and C-types for a total of 5 categories. The characteristics of each body type following the body type structure factor are Y-type for slender type, A-type for standard type, B-type for slightly large type, and C-type for obese type.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.175-183
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to identify the actual condition of residential environment for the elderly residing in Daejeon. The data were collected through interviews and structured questionnaires. The sujects were 583 elderly people over the age of 65 in Daejeon. Sociodemographic characteristics, living characteristics, housing characteristics, neighborhood environment types, actual usage condition of neighborhood environment, relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and actual usage of neighborhood environment, actual condition of unit interior, were surveyed. The data were analyzed with frequency, percentage, χ²-test, mean using the SPSS package. The major findings were as follows. Features of unit interior which pointed generally were deterioration, soundproofing and size. Features of unit interior which need to be carefully planned were removal of height difference of entrance, removal of the thresholds, installation of emergency bell and room heating control facility. The facilities provided highly within the subject's residential environment were the eldery facility, church, hospital, bank, restaurant, beauty salon/barbershop, supermarket. and the facilities provided lowly were recreational facility, library, elderly school.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.889-901
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to look into the physical features for each residential area by the age, with the female subjects residing in Beijing and Shanghai. This would provide the specific information regarding the body types of Chinese adult women, and additionally it would assist the effective advancement into the Chinese local markets by serving as the basic data for the size development and fitting improvement of clothing products for Chinese women. The body measurements were made with 525 adult female subjects of 20 to 49 years of age, residing in Beijing and Shanghai, China. The number of measurements items was 79. The results are as follows: As they grew older, the women residing in Beijing and Shanghai all showed increases in the items of width, thickness, girth, and length, which are highly correlated with the physical obesity, while they did not show any differences by the age range in the item of height. Differences were also found in the tendency of the type distribution by the age range of Chinese adult women in each residential area. As they grew older, the women residing on Beijing showed increases in the distribution of Body type 2 and Body type 4, which clearly indicated the features of obesity. On the other hand, the women residing in Shanghai showed the almost similar distribution in their 20's and 30's, while those in their 40's showed a high frequency in Body type 2 than in Body type 4.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.959-970
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dietary habit, nutritional condition and quality of everyday meal for college students. The number of the subjects was 102 and they were divided into three groups by their residing types; students living with their parents (n=34), students living in dormitory (n=34) and students living independently off the campus (n=34) Questionnaire, 24hour dietary recall for food intakes, and body composition analysis were used. SPSS program was used for the statistics. In general health matter, the average age for each group of students was $21.2kg/m^2$, $20.9kg/m^2$, and $21.9kg/m^2$ respectively. And heights, weights, muscle mass, body fats and BMI were not significantly different between groups. Results on dietary habit showed that students living with their parents had better meal pattern and regularity for breakfast than other groups. Also, for dietary evaluation, students living with their parents showed better extent of intake of milk than other groups. Evaluation on nutrients intake showed that amount of calcium, vitamin $B_2$, folic acid intake in student living independently off the campus were lower than those of the other groups(P<0.05). And MAR(Mean Adequacy Ratio) was not significantly different between groups, however INQ(Index of Nutritional Quality) and NAR(Nutrient Adequacy Ratio) of calcium were lower in off the campus group than other two groups. In conclusion, students living independently had worse eating habits and showed lower intake of calcium than those living with their parents or living in a dormitory. Therefore nutritional education for improving well-balanced dietary habits and optimal intake of nutrients are required especially for students living independently off the campus.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.256-264
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• 2016

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the diet and health status of elderly women according to the family type. Methods: A total of 307 elderly women participated in this study were divided into one of three groups according to their family type: residing with spouse (RSP; n=88), residing with son or daughter (RSD; n=119), and residing alone (RAL; n=100). Chisquare test was used to assess dietary habits and health status of the subjects by the family types. Results: Results demonstrated significant associations between eating regular meals, person preparing meals, coffee intake, and bone fracture experience and family type. Among the three groups, the RSP and RAL groups had a higher percentage for preparing meals by themselves (p<0.001) than the RSD group. The RAL group had a lower percentage for eating regular meals (p<0.01) but a higher percentage for bone fracture experience (p<0.05) than the other groups. There were no significant differences in monthly allowance, self-estimated health status, physical activity, exercise, drinking, and dietary habits such as frequency of consumption of dairy, beans, eggs, fish, meat, fruits, and vegetables among the three groups. Conclusions: The results showed that elderly women residing alone without a son, daughter, or spouse had more diet-related and health problems such as irregular meals and high bone fracture experience. These findings suggested that elderly women residing alone need more attention and support.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.1420-1431
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• 2001

This research was done to classify lower body types by direct measurements, side and back view types from waistline to gluteal furrow line individually, and to analyze correspondence these lower body types with side and back view types from waistline to gluteal furrow line. The subjects of this study were 191 female college students from 18 to 25 years old residing in Pusan urban area. Type 1(long and slim) of lower body types by direct measurements was correspond with Type 1(slim curve) and Type 4(slim and protrusive hip) of side view and Type 3(wide and curve) and Type 4(trapezoid shape) of back view. Type 2(short and thick) of lower body types was correspond with Type 3(thick and droopy hip) of side view and Type 1(wide and straight) of back view. Type 3(short and slim) of lower body types was correspond with Type 2(slim and flat hip) of side view and Type 2(narrow and curve) of back view.