• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.157-164
• /
• 1988

We found reports of only about 20 cases of well documented ejaculatory duct obstruction presenting with infertility and treated by TUR. While infertility caused by ejaculatory duct obstruction is rare accurate diagnosis by vasoseminal vesiculography is important, since these obstructions may be treatable. In our 29 patients undergoing vasoseminal vesiculography for 1 year to demonstrate obstruction site in seminal tract the ejaculatory duct obstruction was found in 6 patients. The intial methods of treament were TUR of the ejaculatory duct in 2 patients, forceful lavage of ejaculatory duct through the vas deferens in 4 patients. One patient's wife who had undergone TUR of the ejaculatory duct delivered a normal female baby 15 months postoperatively. In one patient who had undergone forceful lavage of ejaculatory duct semen analysis returns to normal level except the motility. When initial methods of treatment fail to get the normal semen we have the plan to perform TUR of the ejaculatory duct or aspiration of seminal fluid in the seminal vesicle under the control of the ultrasonography for AIH according to the level of ejaculatory duct obstruction. Our report suggests that ejaculatory obstruction has been underdiagnosed and should receive more attention by urologist.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.16 no.11
• /
• pp.4521-4524
• /
• 2015

Background: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the female genital tract and the fourth most common cancer in Iranian women after breast, colorectal and lung cancers. Various genetic alterations appear to be early events in the pathogenesis of endometrial carcinoma and it seems that PTEN is the most commonly mutated gene in the endometrioid subtype. The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between mutations in exon 7 of PTEN gene and endometrial carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five patients with endometrial carcinoma and 75 females whose underwent hysterectomy for non tumoral indication were selected for evaluation of PTEN mutations in exon 7 by PCR-SSCP and sequencing. Correlations between the frequency and type of mutation and the pathologic findings of the cancer (tumor subtype, stage and grade) were assessed. Results: All of the samples were obtained from Iranian patients. 60 % (45 cases) of the tumors were endometriod and 40% (30 cases) were of serous type. The grade distributions of the 75 cases according to the FIGO staging system were as follows: low grade, 20 cases; high grade 55 cases, low stage, 41 cases; high stage 34 cases. For exon 7 of the PTEN gene, the analysis showed that there were no mutations in our cases. Conclusions: Our findings in the present study suggest that exon 7 of PTEN does not play any significant role in the development of endometrial carcinoma in Iranian cases.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• v.35 no.11
• /
• pp.1744-1751
• /
• 2022

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) administration on egg production, reproductive hormones, serum lipids and adipokines of hens at the late cycle of reproduction. Methods: Four treatments included control (basal diet) and XOS addition at 2.0 (XOS-2), 4.0 (XOS-4), or 6.0 (XOS-6) g/kg of diet using 288 commercial Hy-Line brown hens from 73 to 84 wk of age. Egg production, body fat deposition, reproductive tract and hormones, lipid metabolism and adipokines were determined. Results: At 84 wk, compared to the control, XOS supplementation at the three doses increased (p<0.001) egg-laying rates by 13.2% averagely, which led to a higher egg mass by 131 g/hen throughout the whole trial period. Abdominal fat and skinfold of XOS treatments were decreased (p<0.001) by 26.1% and 18.6%, respectively; large follicles and ovary weight were increased (p<0.001) by 0.73 follicle/hen and 18.6%, respectively. For serum parameters, cholesterol and triglyceride were decreased (p<0.001) by 17.5% and 29.2%, respectively; luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and progesterone were increased (p≤0.001) by 16%, 31%, 29%, respectively; adiponectin and visfatin were increased (p<0.001) by 34% and 44%, respectively; but chemerin and leptin were decreased (p≤0.001) by 22% and 14%, respectively. With the increased XOS doses, linear decreases (p<0.05) were found on abdominal skinfold and serum triglyceride. Conclusion: The obtained data indicate that XOS can be used as an additive to improve fecundity by beneficially modulating fat deposition, lipid metabolism, reproductive hormones, and adipokines of hens at the late cycle of reproduction.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.935-944
• /
• 2021

It has been suggested that bisphenol A (BPA), a known endocrine disruptor, interferes with the endocrine system, causing reproductive dysfunction. Recently, BPA has been found in waste water due to incomplete sewage purification, possibly threatening health through its ingestion via tap water. In this study, young male mice (6 - 7 weeks old) were administered water containing BPA (50 mg·kg^-1) for four weeks, while control mice consumed water without BPA. Serum, epididymal spermatozoa and testicular sections were assessed after sacrificing the mice on day 28. No significant differences were obtained between the groups in the body, testis and seminal vesicle weights. However, the epididymal sperm motility and count levels were significantly reduced in BPA-fed mice. Significantly higher hepatotoxicity levels were also observed in mice ingesting BPA as compared to the control mice. The level of serum testosterone was reduced, and testicular sections revealed incomplete and irregular spermatogenesis in BPA-ingested mice. The sperm proteasomal-proteolytic activity level has been implicated in sperm function and is measured in motile spermatozoa using fluorometric substrates. High ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase activity levels were observed in the control mice without BPA. During a mating trial, a low pregnancy rate (71.4%) was observed in females mated with males who had consumed BPA (100% in the control mice). Overall, BPA adversely affected spermatogenesis and quality, as indicated by decreased sperm motility, concentration and serum testosterone levels, resulting in reduced fertility competence.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.40.1-40.19
• /
• 2024

Importance: The creation of robust maternal-embryonic interactions and implantation models is important for comprehending the early stages of embryonic development and reproductive disorders. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture systems often fail to accurately mimic the highly complex in vivo conditions. The employment of three-dimensional (3D) organoids has emerged as a promising strategy to overcome these limitations in recent years. The advancements in the field of organoid technology have opened new avenues for studying the physiology and diseases affecting female reproductive tract. Observations: This review summarizes the current strategies and advancements in the field of 3D organoids to establish maternal-embryonic interaction and implantation models for use in research and personalized medicine in assisted reproductive technology. The concepts of endometrial organoids, menstrual blood flow organoids, placental trophoblast organoids, stem cell-derived blastoids, and in vitro-generated embryo models are discussed in detail. We show the incorportaion of organoid systems and microfluidic technology to enhance tissue performance and precise management of the cellular surroundings. Conclusions and Relevance: This review provides insights into the future direction of modeling maternal-embryonic interaction research and its combination with other powerful technologies to interfere with this dialogue either by promoting or hindering it for improving fertility or methods for contraception, respectively. The merging of organoid systems with microfluidics facilitates the creation of sophisticated and functional organoid models, enhancing insights into organ development, disease mechanisms, and personalized medical investigations.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.14 no.9
• /
• pp.5107-5110
• /
• 2013

Background: Among women with haematuria, defining individuals under high risk for bladder cancer based on reproductive factors prior to cystoscopy would be of great benefit in the management of this condition. The aim of this study was to compare age and reproductive factors such as menopausal status, parity, age at first delivery and age at the last delivery between women who have haematuria with or without bladder cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 463 patients underwent diagnostic cystoscopy in D$\ddot{u}$zce University Faculty of Medicine between 1 June 2008 and 1 June 2013. Female patients who presented with persistent microscopic or macroscopic haematuria and underwent standard evaluation for haematuria including urinalysis, urine culture, urine cytology, urinary tract imaging with excretory urography or computerized tomography with contrast enhancement and endoscopic evaluation of the urethra and bladder were included in this study. Exclusion criteria were tobacco use and high risk occupations for bladder cancer such as textile, dry cleaning, painting and etc. Forteen women had hematuria due to benign conditions, and 18 due to bladder cancer. Data were retrospectively retrieved from the medical records of Duzce University Hospital. Results: Patients with haematuria due to benign reasons did not significantly differ from patients who were found to have bladder cancer in terms of age (p=0.28), menopausal status (p=0.29), mean parity (p=0.38), being nulliparous (p=0.57), parity ${\geq}3$ (p=0.22), age ${\leq}18$ years at first delivery (p=1.00), age ${\geq}30$ years at last delivery (p=0.26), age ${\geq}35$ years at last delivery (p=0.23) and percentage of the patients with advanced age (${\geq}65$ years) (p=0.18). Conclusions: It is difficult to predict a high risk for developing bladder cancer in women with haematuria based solely on reproductive factors.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
• /
• v.2 no.3
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2004

Estrogens are critical to the functioning and maintenance of a diverse array of tissues and physiological systems in mammals. The actions of estrogen on such classical targets as the reproductive tract, gonads, mamary tissue, and hypothalamic/pituitary axis have been well characterized. A role in nonreproductive tissues, such as maintenance of bone mineral density and cardiovascular health in woman, as has been described. There were ne significant differences in the average of body weights, testis weights, among the experimental groups. The lumen of rate testis began to dilate from the day 8 and continued to the 59 post-treatment. The average diameter of dilate of rate testis in ICI 182,780 treated group increased 2.3-fold compared to the control group. Epithelical cell height in the rate testis of the treated mice decreased all the time periods, compared to the control.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.47 no.2
• /
• pp.229-231
• /
• 2007

Vulvar agenesis in an eight-month-old toy poodle dog is described. Urinary incontinence and dysuria were the main clinical signs. The morphology of the urogenital system was assessed with contrast radiography. The constructers of lower urinary tract and reproductive system except for the vulva were normal features. Through episiostomy, a perineal stoma, resembling a vulva, was created, resulting in complete resolution of the clinical signs.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.47 no.3
• /
• pp.190-194
• /
• 2003

As previously reported, an immunoglobulin M (IgM) monoclonal antibody (MAb) B6.1, specific for a cell wall B-l,2-mannotriose, was protective against vaginal infection due to Candida albicans when mice were treated with the antibody. In this study, the role of neutrophil was examined in the protective effect of MAb B6.1 against vaginal infection. To deplete neutrophils, mice were given intravenously rat anti-mouse neutrophile MAb RB6-8C5 prior to intraperitoneal administration of MAb B6.1 to these mice. The mice were examined for antibody in their reproductive tract. By an ELISA, MAb B6.1 was found in the vaginal homogenates, but no antibody was detected in vaginal lavage materials. The neutropenia was induced by a single dose of the anti-neutrophil antibody, but lymphocytes were also partially depleted. The protective effect of MAb B6.1 was decreased when mice pretreated with MAb RB6-8C5 were given the anti-Candida antibody before challenge with C. albicans yeast cells intravaginally. These results show that neutrophils are involved in the MAb B6.1 protection against Candida vaginal infection.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
• /
• 2002.11b
• /
• pp.165-165
• /
• 2002

These experiments tested whether exposure to benomyl (BN) or lindane (LD) during late pregnancy affect the development of reproductive tract in adult offspring. Timed pregnant Sprague Dawley rats (N=7∼8/treatment) were gavaged with LD (1, 5, or 10 mg/kg), BN (50, 250, or 500 mg/kg), or com oil on gestation days 15∼19.(omitted)